RU2477408C2 - Electromagnetic shutoff valve - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building.

SUBSTANCE: electromagnetic shutoff valve includes a body, inlet and outlet connection pipes, a seat, a core, an electromagnet armature, a piston, a shutoff member, a spring and a stock. Piston is located in the body. Shutoff member is located in the piston. One end of the stock is connected to the shutoff member, and the other end is connected to the electromagnet armature. The above armature has the possibility of axial movement. Core and armature of electromagnet are installed in a guide cylinder. An air braking chamber is formed between the core and the armature. The armature is provided with an axial hole, inside which a jet nozzle with a throttle valve is installed, a ball and a spring. The piston has a throttle opening connecting the inlet connection pipe cavity to the inner piston cavity.

EFFECT: improving the valve reliability by reducing impact loads of armature and power consumption.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to automatic valves with remote control, namely, shut-off electromagnetic normally-closed valves, designed to automatically shut off the flow of gaseous media on gas pipelines of gas distribution and gas consumption of natural gas. The electromagnetic shut-off valve is also designed to stop the supply of natural gas as fuel to the burners of gas installations in the event of an unauthorized power outage. The valve can be used in the automatic gas equipment block.

A known vacuum valve with an electromagnetic actuator and a hydraulic damper (SU Patent No. 1766279A3, class F16K 31/02, publ. 09/30/1992), containing an electromagnetic actuator mounted on the valve body. In the closed state of the valve, the locking element is pressed by the spring to the seat. The locking member is connected to the core of the electromagnet via a rod. A bore is made in the core and a damper hydraulic cylinder is placed in it, the piston of which is rigidly fixed to the rod. Through holes are made in the upper part of the core, in which there are pins in contact with the lower ends with the hydraulic cylinder. The opening of the locking body occurs in two stages. At the first stage, the hydraulic damper is not included in the operation, and the movement of the locking element occurs without braking. Then begins the second stage of lifting the locking member. After the pins stop in the stop, the hydraulic cylinder stops moving, and the core with the rod continues to move towards the stop, moving the piston in the hydraulic cylinder, which inhibits the movement of the locking element. In the known valve, the problem of reducing shock loads and vibration in the “opening” mode of the valve is solved. However, the design of the hydraulic damper requires the installation of additional seals to prevent leakage of fluid from the hydraulic cylinder. Additional seals are subject to wear due to the reciprocating movement of the stem. This leads to a violation of the tightness and, consequently, to a decrease in the reliability of the known design and its service life. The design of the hydraulic damper also works in the process of closing the valve, which leads to inhibition of closing the valve.

It is known that with an increase in the flow area of the valve, the power of the electromagnet required to open the valve increases. With increasing power, the mass and, accordingly, the working temperature of the electromagnetic drive increases, which leads to a decrease in valve reliability. In addition, it is known that in order to open a shut-off electromagnetic normally-closed valve (short-term operation), a current significantly exceeding the current required to keep the valve open (continuous operation) is required. Therefore, the non-use of means to reduce the energy consumption in the “hold” mode of the valve leads to the fact that in the “open” and “hold” modes, the current required to open the valve is supplied to the electromagnetic coil. This also leads to an increase in the operating temperature of the electromagnetic drive. In the known vacuum valve with an electromagnetic actuator and a hydraulic damper are not described means by which it would be possible to reduce the energy consumption necessary for the operation of the valve.

A known gas shut-off valve with an electromagnetic actuator (RU, utility model certificate No. 15044U1, class G08B 17/10, publ. 09/10/2000), in which the problem of reducing the energy consumption necessary for valve operation by introducing a latch with electromagnetic drive. The rod is fixed by the latch anchor after the locking element is fully opened. The latch anchor, perpendicular to the stem, extends due to the action of the latch spring. In the process of “holding” the valve, the electromagnetic actuators of the valve and the latches are de-energized, as a result of which there is a reduction in energy consumption. To close the valve, current is supplied to the electromagnetic actuator of the latch, whose power is much lower than the power of the electromagnetic actuator of the valve. The electromagnetic drive of the pull-type latch moves the anchor into the cavity of the sleeve, which in turn ceases to contact the rod. The rod stops moving from moving, and the locking element returns to its original state. In contrast to the claimed invention, the known valve aims to prevent closing of the valve in the event of an unauthorized blackout, while the claimed invention proposes the design of a latch with a push-type electromagnetic actuator in order to ensure that the valve closes and prevents gas from being supplied to the burner in the event of a blackout.

To create a shut-off valve design that is economical for operation, when used in high-pressure systems and in systems with a high flow rate of the working medium, valves with axial forces are used. For this, in addition to the main locking element, an auxiliary locking element with reduced geometric parameters is used in the valve design. This reduces the current consumption for opening the valve. Such valves include an electromagnetic valve (SU, copyright certificate No. 310082, class F16K 31/06, publ. 07.26.1971), adopted as a prototype for the present invention. The known valve is normally closed and contains a housing with inlet and outlet nozzles. The main locking element is located in the case. In the main locking body is located unloading locking body. In the valve body, the main electromagnet and the latch electromagnet are aligned with each other. The anchor is connected to the stem. The other end of the stem is connected to the discharge shutoff member. In order to open the valve, current is supplied to the main electromagnet. The anchor moves towards the stop, while compressing the return spring located between the anchor and the stop. Then there is a successive rise of the unloading locking body and the main locking body. When the main locking member opens the passage in the seat, the latch balls are pushed into the grooves on the stem by the force of the latch spring. The balls are fixed by the anchor of the electromagnet latch. During the process of “holding” the valve, the electromagnetic actuators of the valve and the latches are de-energized. As a result, the reduction in energy consumption occurs not only due to the use of an auxiliary shut-off element, but also due to the shutdown of electromagnetic actuators in the valve “hold” mode. In order to return the valve to its original position, current is applied to the latch electromagnet, the latch anchor rises upward and releases the balls. Under the action of the return spring, the locking elements return to their original position. In this solenoid valve, the latch, as well as in the above shut-off gas valve with an electromagnetic actuator, is designed to hold the valve open in the event of a power outage. In addition, they do not describe the means to reduce the shock loads of the anchor in the process of its movement to the foot.

The objective of the invention is to increase the reliability of the valve by reducing shock loads and reducing energy consumption.

Reducing the energy consumption in the shut-off solenoid valve is achieved by the fact that it contains a housing, inlet and outlet nozzles, a seat, a core and an armature of an electromagnet, a piston located in the housing, a shut-off element located in the piston, a spring, a rod, one end of which is connected to the shut-off body, and the other end of the rod is connected to the armature of the electromagnet, while the armature has the possibility of axial movement, and a throttle hole is made in the piston connecting the cavity of the inlet pipe and the internal cavity of the piston. In this case, the valve may contain a latch with an electromagnetic actuator, which fixes the anchor in the "hold" mode. Reducing shock loads in the valve is achieved by the fact that the core and the armature, which can be moved, are installed in the guide cylinder, while a pneumatic braking chamber is formed between the core and the armature, an axial hole is made in the armature, inside of which there is a nozzle with a throttle channel, a ball and a spring.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

Figure 1 shows a solenoid shut-off valve with a latch.

Figure 2 shows the latch.

Figure 3 shows the electromagnetic shut-off valve without a latch.

An electromagnetic shut-off valve (hereinafter referred to as a valve) contains the following elements:

an electromagnet containing: 1 - core, 2 - anchor, 3 - guide cylinder, 4 - electromagnetic coil, 5 - magnetic circuit, 6 - lower flange, 7 - upper flange;

8 - case;

9 - inlet pipe;

10 - outlet pipe;

11 - a piston;

12 - saddle;

13 - the internal cavity of the piston;

14 - a locking organ;

15 - a saddle of a locking organ;

16 - throttle bore in the piston;

17 - a plate;

18 - sleeve;

19 - spring;

20 - stock;

21 - a chamber of pneumatic braking;

22 - hole in the anchor;

23 - a spring;

24 - a ball;

25 - jet;

26 - axial hole;

27 - throttle channel;

a latch containing: 28 - housing, 29 - guide cylinder,

30 - electromagnetic coil, 31 - magnetic circuit, 32 - lower flange, 33 - upper flange, 34 - anchor, 35 - rod, 36 - core, 37 - stopper, 38 - protrusion, fixing stopper, 39 - plate, 40 - spring;

41 - protrusion of the anchor;

42 - ring.

The main elements of the proposed shut-off solenoid valve are a valve body with shut-off elements, a pulling electromagnet and a latch.

The electromagnet contains (see Fig. 1) a core 1, an armature 2, a guide cylinder 3, an electromagnetic coil 4, a magnetic core 5 and flanges 6 and 7. A fixed core 1 and an armature 2 are located in the guide cylinder 3. The armature 2 has the possibility of axial movement in the guide top hat. The electromagnetic coil 4, the magnetic circuit 5, the lower flange 6 and the upper flange 7 are located on the guide cylinder 3.

The valve body 8 is made with an inlet 9 and an outlet 10 nozzles for connecting to a gas pipeline. In the inner cavity of the housing there is a piston 11, which serves as the main locking element in the valve and is designed to close the passage in the seat 12. The seat 12 is located on the inner surface of the wall of the housing 1. The inlet 9 and outlet 10 of the nozzle may have an arrangement in which their axes are perpendicular. On the end surface of the cylindrical piston there is a seal in contact with the surface of the seat 12 to ensure tightness in the closed position of the valve.

The piston 11 is made with a through hole of variable diameter, the axis of which coincides with the axis of the piston. From the end face of the piston facing the electromagnet, the hole has the largest diameter and forms the internal cavity 13 of the piston. On the side of the end face of the piston in contact with the seat 12, a locking member 14 and a seating 15 of the locking member are installed in the hole. A throttle bore 16 is made in the piston wall, connecting the cavity of the inlet pipe and the internal cavity of the piston. Rings are mounted on the side cylindrical wall of the piston. In the inner cavity of the piston is a plate 17 with through holes. The movement of the plate in the internal piston cavity is limited by the sleeve 18. The plate is an abutment for the spring 19. The locking element 14, which acts as an auxiliary locking element, is connected to the rod 20. The other end of the rod is connected to the armature 2. For a rigid connection of the rod with the locking body and the armature pins are used. The rod 20 has a flange in contact with the plate 17. The end surfaces of the core 1 and the armature 2 and the walls of the guide cylinder 3 form a chamber 21 pneumatic braking.

An anchor has a through axial bore 22 of variable diameter connecting the internal cavity of the housing and the chamber 21 of the pneumatic braking. The hole 22 is made with a variable diameter to enable the installation of a damping device. A nozzle 25, a ball 24 and a spring 23 are sequentially located in the hole 22 (see FIG. 2) from the side of the internal cavity of the housing. The axial hole 26 and the throttle channel 27 are made in the nozzle. The spring 23 and the ball 24 are held in the armature hole by the nozzle 25, which is rigidly connected with anchor 2 using thread. The spring 23, the ball 24 and the nozzle 25 form a damping device designed for smooth movement of the armature when opening the valve and for quick movement of the armature when closing the valve. This mode of operation of the valve is due to operational requirements for valves designed to supply natural gas to gas burners.

There are two options for the design of the valve.

In the first embodiment (Fig. 1), a latch is located between the electromagnet and the valve body. The latch is designed to fix the movement of the armature 2, namely to keep the armature stationary after the electromagnet pulled the armature 2 and the piston 11 opened the passage in the seat 12.

The valve latch (figure 2) consists of a housing 28, a guide cylinder 29, an electromagnetic coil 30, a magnetic circuit 31, a lower 32 and an upper 33 flanges, an armature 34, a stem 35, a fixed core 36, a stopper 37 with a locking protrusion 38, plates 39, springs 40.

The latch drive is made in the form of a pushing type electromagnet. The latch must be controlled automatically. The latch is positioned so that the axis of the latch stopper 37 is perpendicular to the axis of the armature 2. The latch body 28 is secured to the valve body 8 by a pressure ring 42. A guide cylinder 29 is mounted on the latch housing 28, in which the armature 34 and the core 36 are located. On the guide the cylinder 29 is an electromagnetic coil 30, the magnetic circuit 31 and the lower 32 and upper 33 flanges of the latch electromagnet. The base of the guide cylinder 29 is made in the form of a cup, at the end of which a plate 39 is pressed by the spring 40. The anchor 34 is connected to the rod 35, which interacts with the stopper 37 of the latch. The stopper 37 is made of the locking protrusion 38, designed to interact with the protrusion 41 of the armature 2.

In the first embodiment (figure 1), the valve spring 19 is installed between the latch housing 28 and the plate 17, and the anchor 2 is located in a vertical cylindrical hole of the latch housing 28.

In the second embodiment (figure 3), the electromagnet is mounted on the valve body 8. In this case, the spring 19 is installed between the electromagnet and the plate 17.

The electromagnetic shut-off valve operates as follows (for the version without a latch).

The initial state of the valve is normally closed. In this state, the electromagnetic coil 4 is de-energized. The piston 11 closes the passage in the seat 12. The operating pressure from the source of the main gas system is connected to the valve. Through the throttle hole 16 in the piston 11, the working medium enters the internal cavity 13 of the piston, then through the holes in the plate 17 into the internal cavity of the housing 1 and through the throttle channel 27 in the nozzle and then through the hole 22 in the armature, the working medium enters the brake chamber 21. The piston 11 is pressed against the seat 12 by the working medium and spring 19. The locking member 14 closes the passage in the seat 15.

In the “opening” mode of the valve, a magnitude of current J open sufficient to open the valve is supplied to the electromagnetic coil 4. The anchor 2 moves to the core 1 and moves the rod 20 with the locking element 14. In this case, the spring 19 begins to compress. A passage opens in the saddle 15 of the locking member. The working medium from the internal cavity of the piston 13 enters the cavity of the outlet pipe. To this end, grooves or holes are made in the locking organs. Since the resistance to the outflow of the working medium from the inner cavity 13 of the piston into the cavity of the outlet pipe is much less than the resistance in the throttle hole 16 connecting the cavity of the inlet pipe and the inner cavity of the piston, the pressure in the inner cavity 13 of the piston and the cavity of the outlet pipe are equalized. Structurally, the piston diameter is larger than the diameter of the seat 12, due to which there is an excess force directed upward. This force “tears off” the piston from the seat 12. The displacement of the locking member 14 is equal to the distance between the plate 17 and the sleeve 18. After the plate stops against the sleeve, the piston rod 11 begins to rise 11. The volume of the air braking chamber 21 decreases and the working medium from the chamber 21 through the opening 22 into the anchor returns to the internal cavity 13 of the piston. In this case, the working medium passes through a damping device consisting of a spring 23, a ball 24 and a nozzle 25. Since the pressure in the chamber 21 is greater than in the internal cavity 13 of the piston, the ball 24 closes the axial hole 26 in the nozzle, and the working medium passes through the throttle channel 27. The diameter of the throttle channel 27 is calculated so that to ensure smooth movement of the armature in the "opening" valve. This mitigates the vibration and shock of the valve.

After the “opening” mode, the valve switches to the “holding” mode, the duration of which significantly exceeds the time of the “opening” mode.

To return the valve to its original state, namely, closing the valve, the current to the electromagnetic coil 4 is stopped. Spring 19, expanding, acts on the rod 20 through the plate 17. The armature 2 begins to move from the core 1. The volume of the chamber 21 of the pneumatic braking increases, which leads to a decrease there is pressure in it. The ball 24 opens the axial hole 26 in the nozzle and the working medium from the internal cavity 13 of the piston enters through the throttle channel 27 and the axial hole 26 of the nozzle into the hole 22 of the armature, and then into the air brake chamber 21.

The locking element 14 closes the passage in the saddle 15, and the piston 11 closes the passage in the saddle 12.

In an embodiment, when a latch is inserted into the valve structure (FIG. 1), current is supplied to the electromagnetic coil 30 of the latch electromagnet only in the “hold” mode of the valve. In this case, the anchor 34 moves to the core 36, the rod 35 connected to the anchor 34 acts on the stopper 37. The latch protrusion 38, made on the stopper, fixes the protrusion 41 of the anchor, after the piston 11 opens the passage in the seat 12. After that, the electromagnetic coil 4 of the valve stops the flow of current. Since an electromagnet is used in the latch, the power of which is significantly lower than the power of the electromagnet used to open the valve, the energy consumption is significantly reduced and, therefore, the reliability of the valve increases. When the valve returns to its original closed state, the current supply to the latch stops. The spring 40 of the latch is expanded and moves the plate 39, which in turn moves the stopper 37 to the extreme right position. The locking protrusion 38 is disengaged from the anchor protrusion 41.

Claims (2)

1. An electromagnetic shut-off valve, comprising a housing, inlet and outlet nozzles, a seat, a core and an anchor of an electromagnet, a piston located in the housing, a locking member located in the piston, a spring, a rod, one end of which is connected to the locking member, and the other end is connected with the anchor of the electromagnet, while the anchor has the possibility of axial movement, characterized in that the core and the anchor of the electromagnet are installed in the guide cylinder, while a pneumatic braking chamber is formed between the core and the anchor, An axial hole is inserted, inside of which a nozzle with a throttle channel, a ball and a spring are installed, and a throttle hole is made in the piston connecting the cavity of the inlet pipe and the internal cavity of the piston. 2. The electromagnetic shut-off valve according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a latch with an electromagnetic actuator.

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