RU2475572C1 - Device for forming decking of fibrous material of basalt fibers - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: textiles, paper.

SUBSTANCE: device for forming the deck of a fibrous material (dwg. 2) comprises a capacitor (1), pressure (7) and discharging (10) rollers, and a mechanism for adjustment the thickness of the layer of fibers across the width of the working elements of the device made in the form of a barrel-type working surface of the discharging rollers, creating a segmental gap (12) between the discharging roller (10) and the working drum (11).

EFFECT: invention enables to improve the quality of the obtained deck due to the uniform distribution of fibers across the width of the working drum.

4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the textile industry and relates to a technological line for the production of nonwoven materials for various purposes.

The prior art.

A device for forming a fibrous flooring of fibrous material from basalt fibers containing a feed, working and removable rollers and a mechanism for distributing fibers along the entire width of the rollers in the form of cone-shaped nozzles fixed in a condenser with the ability to adjust the air-fibrous flow (see application SU 309076 A 09/10/71).

The disadvantage of this device (analog) is the unevenness of the flooring, including thickening of the flooring along its edges.

It is also known a device for forming a flooring of fibrous material (adopted as a prototype), containing a condenser consisting of an internal fixed pipe with a segmented slot and arcuate dampers for adjusting the air flow installed in a rotating perforated pipe covered with a wire mesh, the main and removable drums and pinch roller (see RF application for invention No. 98107049/12, dated April 7, 1998).

The disadvantage of the prototype is the design complexity and the impossibility of precise adjustment due to vibration resonance arising in the air stream, and the unevenness of the flooring at its edges due to insufficient regulation accuracy, power, speed and direction of the air-fibrous flow using arcuate dampers.

Disclosure of the invention

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of the formation of flooring from basalt fibers.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the device for forming a fibrous flooring containing a condenser with a perforated cylindrical working surface and a mechanism for adjusting the thickness of the flooring along its entire width in the form of a curved slit, a pressure roller, at least one removable roller feeding and working drums, according to the invention, the mechanism for adjusting the thickness of the flooring is made in the form of a barrel-shaped working surface of a removable roller formed by the tips of the teeth of an all-metal sawtooth tape (DSPM), between the cylindrical working surface of the condenser (1) and the barrel-shaped surface of the removable roller (8), a gap (12) is formed for the movement of fibers, which symmetrically expands from 0.2 to 0.5 mm from the middle part of the roller to its ends.

Thus, thanks to the new design of the mechanism for adjusting the thickness of the fiber layer with a barrel-shaped working surface, as well as due to the new location of the known segment-shaped slit and its new interaction with the capacitor, a more uniform distribution of basalt fiber fibers in the flooring over its entire width is provided, which is confirmed during production tests .

A brief description of the drawings.

The invention is further explained in the description of specific options for their implementation and the accompanying drawings, where:

figure 1 - shows the technological scheme of the device;

figure 2 is a transverse section aa from figure 1;

figure 3 - the second embodiment of the removable roller;

Options for the execution of a new device.

The first embodiment of the device (Fig. 1) for forming a flooring of fibrous material (for example, basalt fiber) comprises a condenser 1 consisting of an internal fixed pipe 2 fixed in a rotating perforated pipe 3, covered with a wire mesh 4, a chamber 5 for transporting air-fibrous flow, having a rectangular cross section and connected to the feed drum 6, a rubberized pressure roller 7, a pair of removable rollers 8, covered with an all-metal serrated tape 9 with teeth 10 and a working drum 11.

The shell of one or both of the removable rollers 8 (Fig. 2) in this embodiment has a barrel-shaped shape (after grooving on a lathe) and is covered with a saw blade 9 with the same height of the teeth 10, while the teeth 10 of the saw blade 9 form a barrel-shaped working surface of the removable roller.

The degree of barrel-shaped form of the working surface of the roller 8 is determined experimentally based on the analysis of the uniformity of the layer with a special sensor (not shown in Fig. 1).

Thus, a segment-shaped slit 12 is formed between the cylindrical surface of the condenser 1 and the barrel-shaped working surface of the removable roller 8, which expands symmetrically along the arc toward the ends of the capacitor 1 and the roller 8 (uneven wiring). 2, the different widths of the segmented slots 12 are designated as “h min” and “h max”.

The second embodiment of the device (Fig. 3) differs from the first embodiment in that the shell of the removable roller 8 has a cylindrical shape and is covered with turns of serrated tape with different tooth heights (in Fig. 3 designated as 9, 10, and 9, 10 *, and 9, 10 **). At the same time, the ends of two different-sized tapes are connected by welding (or by soldering), as is done when the drums are tightened with a saw blade of the same size in case the tape is not long enough.

The third version of the device (not shown in the drawings) differs from the first and second variants in that the working surface of the rubberized pressure roller 7 has a barrel-shaped shape, which creates a pressure difference between the pressure roller on the layer of fibers moving in the central part of the capacitor and along its edges, and therefore , creates a different degree of compaction of the fibrous material and, accordingly, a different number of fibers per square centimeter of flooring.

Device operation

The first version of the device for forming a fibrous flooring from basalt fibers (figure 1) works as follows.

The fibrous product (for example, basalt fibers) from the working body 9 enters the chamber 5, and then is attracted to the mesh surface 4 of the condenser 1, forming a fibrous layer on it by the addition of shreds, groups and individual fibers due to air traction over the entire width of the capacitor 1 created a fan and a duct system (not shown in FIG. 1). The pressure roller 7 seals the formed fiber layer, which is subsequently removed from the mesh surface 4 of the condenser 1 with a pair of removable rollers 10, transmitting it to the subsequent working body 11.

Uniform distribution of the fibers over the entire width of the working drum 11 (Fig. 2) is carried out when the fiber layer is removed from the condenser 1 due to the barrel-shaped working surface of at least one (for example, lower) removable roller 10 (Fig. 2) and a segmented slot ( wiring) 12 between the removable roller and the capacitor. At the same time, the higher teeth (10) of the saw blade (9) located in the middle of the roller 10 remove more fibers, and the lower teeth less.

Thus, an uneven layer of fiber formed on the surface of the condenser 1, having thickenings along the edges of the condenser, is redistributed and aligned on the working drum 11 due to the different sizes of the teeth of the saw blade of the removable roller and different wiring widths (slots 12) between the removable roller 10 and the condenser 1.

Such a mechanism for controlling the thickness of the fiber layer (flooring) provides a more uniform flooring layer in the center and at the edges, since it is carried out mechanically and in stable conditions (it does not depend, as in the prototype, on the instability of the speed and direction of movement of the air-fibrous flow created by the fan and curved segmented gap formed by dampers located inside the capacitor).

The second option works the same way.

The work of the third variant of the device is characterized in that the pressure roller 7 (Fig. 1) with a barrel-shaped rubber shell allows you to compact the fiber layer on the capacitor 1 in its central part and, therefore, increase the number of fibers in the layer where they are insufficient (in the central part capacitor surface).

Industrial applicability

The invention improves the quality of non-woven materials from basalt fibers and therefore can be used at various enterprises manufacturing non-woven materials for various purposes, including insulating materials, or the manufacture of protective clothing.

Claims (4)

1. Device for forming a flooring of fibrous material from basalt fibers, containing a condenser (1) with a mechanism for adjusting the thickness of the flooring over its entire width in the form of a curved gap (12) between the elements of the device, a pressure roller (7), at least one removable roller (8), feeding (6) and working (11) drums, characterized in that the mechanism for adjusting the thickness of the fiber deck is made in the form of a barrel-shaped working surface of the removable roller 8, formed by the tips of the teeth (10) of the saw blade (9), while between cylindrical in the surface of the condenser (1) and the barrel-shaped surface of the removable roller (8) formed a gap (12) for the movement of fibers, symmetrically expanding from the middle of the roller to its ends. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shell of the removable drum (8) has a barrel-shaped shape, on which the turns of an all-metal sawtooth tape (DMSC) with the same tooth height are installed. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shell of the removable roller (8) is made in the form of a cylinder on which the turns of the saw blade (9) with teeth (10) are fixed with different height of the teeth forming a barrel-shaped working surface of the removable roller (8 ), while the ends of the turns of tapes with different tooth heights (10) are rigidly interconnected by welding or soldering. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rubberized pressure roller (7) has a barrel-shaped shape and is installed with the possibility of uneven pressure on the fiber layer in the middle and along the edges of the flooring.

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