RU2473200C1 - Seed dispenser - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agricultural machinery industry. The seed dispenser comprises a housing with a valve and a stud wheel. The wheel is mounted on the drive shaft in the housing in the vertical plane, and consists of three disks. The straight cylindrical pins are made on the disks located in one row on each disk. And the extreme disks are fixed rigidly to the drive shaft. The central disk is freely installed on the drive shaft with the ability to rotate relative to the extreme disks.

EFFECT: invention enables to improve the uniformity of sowing crops.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to the designs of sowing apparatus for sowing grain crops.

Known sowing machines for crops, equipped with grooved or pin elements, providing the supply of seeds from the hopper to sowing [1, 2, 3].

The disadvantage of this device is the uneven sowing of seeds associated with portioned feeding of coils.

The objective of the invention is the provision of uniform sowing of seeds.

Of the devices closest in technical essence is a spool-pin sowing device containing a seed box, a shaft of the sowing device, a coil with pins concave along the rotation, a valve, a group cleaning shaft for sowing devices, an adjusting bolt [3].

Spool pin metering unit with non-movable coil refers to devices with a constant working volume. It is much simpler than standard, practically does not wear out during operation. Setting the seeding rate is carried out by changing the frequency of rotation of the coil.

The grain from the outlet of the seed box of the seeder enters the cavity of the seed box of the reel-pin apparatus in the conditions of the associated grain flow regime. The rotating coil moves the seeds that have fallen into the interdigital space, and part of the seeds that did not fall into the interdigital space, but located near the pins, to the lower part of the casing and dumps them at the end of the spring-loaded valve into the funnel of the vas deferens.

The disadvantages of this sowing apparatus include the uneven distribution of seeds over the sowing area due to the periodic location of the pins on the coil, which leads to a pulsating-dose sowing of seeds.

The objective of the invention is achieved by the following set of features of the proposed device.

Like the well-known, the proposed metering apparatus comprises a housing with a valve, a pin coil mounted on a drive shaft in a housing in a vertical plane, while, unlike the known one, the pin coil consists of three disks on which straight cylindrical pins are arranged, located at one row on each disk. The disks are mounted on the drive shaft of the metering unit, the extreme disks being fixedly mounted on the drive shaft, and the central disk is mounted on the drive shaft to rotate relative to the stationary extreme disks by means of a drive gear mounted to the right of the drive shaft of the metering device, while the drive gear is driven the drive shaft of the sowing apparatus through a gear transmission, and the frequency of rotation of the Central disk can be changed by changing the gear ratio gear Ia.

Technical result of the invention: due to the correct choice of the number of pins and the distance from the edge of the pins to the valve of the metering device, a stable, compacted layer of seeds is supplied. The pin coil of the metering device, with the correct ratio of the rotational speeds of the extreme and central discs, forms two independent seed flows having different expiration rates, which are superimposed on each other during movement in the metering device body, thereby forming one common flow in which the pulsating flow the seeds of the extreme discs are smoothed out by a pulsating stream of seeds of the central disc with a different velocity. This solves the problem in a causal relationship of the totality of the features of the invention with the technical result.

In Fig.1 schematically shows the sowing apparatus in a perspective view, Fig.2 schematically shows the sowing apparatus with a frontal section of its body, in Fig.3 - section aa in Fig.2.

The sowing apparatus is arranged as follows.

The housing 1 of the sowing apparatus is made in the form of two curly mutually fixed, vertically arranged plates 2, between which a pin coil 3 is installed, consisting of three disks 4, 5 and 6, the extreme disks 4 and 6 being fixed motionless on the drive shaft 7, and the central disk 5 is installed freely, while valve 9 is installed under pin coil 3. Central disk 5, with its pins, engages with drive gear 8 located to the right of drive shaft 7. Housing 1, coil 3 and valve 9 form a seed box 10. Sowing wheels provided with straight guides pins 12 of cylindrical shape, disposed one row on each disk. The drive gear 8 is mounted on the intermediate shaft 11 and is driven into rotation from the drive shaft 7 through a gear transmission (not shown in the drawings).

The device operates as follows.

Seeds by gravity enter the seed box 10 of the sowing apparatus and fill the space around the pin coil 3. Rotating, the pin coil 3 moves the seeds that fell into the space between the pins 12, and part of the seeds of the active layer that did not fall into the space between the pins, but located near the edge pins into the lower part of the seed box 10 and dumps them at the end of valve 9 into the funnel of the vas deferens, not pulsatingly and portionwise, but continuously due to the fact that the extreme disks 4, 6 and the central disk 5, which form the basis of the pin th coil 3 are rotated with different frequency, thus creating two flow seeds having different speed, overlapping each other, wherein the smoothing and equalization of each other. The gap between the valve 9 and the pins 12 is set using the adjusting screw, depending on the size of the sown seeds. The seeding rate is regulated by changing the speed of the pin coil 3 of the metering unit. A correctly selected (calculated, experimental) ratio of the rotation frequencies of the central 5 and extreme disks 4 and 6 ensures uniform sowing of seeds.

Information sources

1. Copyright certificate SU No. 1790842, IPC A01C 7/12. Sowing apparatus. A.E. Tompakov, V.V. Zhukov, V.F. Pashchenkov, M.I. Onishko, I.N. Dorozhko, P.I. Slobodiuk, I.G. Negreba and N.K. Izhkin, 30.01. 93. Bull. Number 4.

2. Copyright certificate SU No. 1759278, IPC А01С 7/12. Sowing apparatus. N.P. Tishaninov, I.G. Nasypayko and N.G. Malmin, 09/07/92. Bull. No. 33.

3. Application for invention RU No. 2004130555, IPC АСС 7/12, 10/18/2004. Sowing apparatus. N.V. Kalashnikova, R.A. Bulavintsev. Application publication date: 03/27/2006 (prototype).

Claims (3)

1. The sowing apparatus comprising a housing with a valve, a pin coil mounted on a drive shaft in a housing in a vertical plane, characterized in that the pin coil consists of three disks on which straight cylindrical pins are arranged, located in a row on each disk, while the extreme disks are fixed motionless on the drive shaft, and the central disk is mounted on the drive shaft freely with the possibility of rotation relative to the extreme disks. 2. The sowing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the pins of the central disk mesh with the drive gear mounted on the intermediate shaft and located to the right of the drive shaft of the pin coil. 3. The sowing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive gear is kinematically connected through a gear transmission with the drive shaft.

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