RU2471390C2 - Method for portioned uhf-treatment of fodders - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to food industry. The method for portioned UHF-treatment of fodders involves raw material loading into the chamber and movement inside the chamber, vacuum creation and ensuring the material heating due to a UHF-radiation source impact; fodders treatment is performed during their continuous movement from the pressurised area between the pseudo-liquefaction unit blades ends and the inner surface of the chamber, along the inner surface of the chamber into the vacuum (discharging) area positioned along the axis of the chamber with subsequent movement downwards under the impact of vacuum and own weight generating a steadily circulating pseudo-liquefied flow; vacuum is created by means of the pseudo-liquefaction unit positioned inside the chamber.

EFFECT: method allows to ensure quality UHF-treatment of fodders at a preset period of treatment (exposition) with the device efficiency maximum usage to reduce energy and material costs.

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Description

The invention relates to methods for cyclic microwave treatment of rapeseed, soybean, lupine and mixed fodder seeds, as well as their disinfection from fungi, viruses, bacteria, and can be used on livestock farms and on-farm feed mills.

The well-known "Method of thermal disinfection of bulk feed" (RU 2251364 A1, A23N 17/00, 05/10/2005), represented by the installation of thermal disinfection of bulk feed, which includes heating, steaming, drying, cooling and homogenization of bulk feed, while disinfection is carried out in two stages of heat treatment, the first stage being high-temperature and the second low-temperature; at each stage, the components are mixed in the fluidized bed; in the first stage, the feed is heated to 110 ° C, and in the second stage, the hot mass is cooled with air to ambient temperature.

In this method, there are large heat losses, since air heated to 110 ° C in the first and second stages is released into the atmosphere; It is also known that mixers operating on the principle of gas-mechanical fluidization of the bed do not allow additional air supply, which contributes to disruption of the mixing process itself; at high air humidity, an abundance of steam in the flour part of the feed, a doughy mass is formed, as a result, the quality of mixing deteriorates, the operation of the mixer-sterilizer and mixer-cooler and the entire process of thermal disinfection of the feed are hindered.

The well-known "Method and device for processing agricultural products" (RU 2242906 C2, A23L 3/40, F26V 7/00, 12/27/2004) - adopted as a prototype that provides periodic exposure of raw materials to radiation sources by rotating trays around the base axes with their periodic approaching to radiation sources and removal with a constant direction of the mass of raw material towards radiation, moreover, during radiation processing, the ultrasonic elastic vibrations of infrared and microwave radiation are combined.

The above method does not provide a concentration of IR and microwave energy on the processed product, since during processing the distance between the processed product and the radiation sources is constantly changing.

The objective of the invention is to create a method of portioned microwave processing of feed, which improves the quality of feed processing at a given processing time (exposure) with maximum use of the efficiency of the device, with its implementation, which allows to reduce energy and material costs.

The problem is achieved in that in the method of portioned microwave processing of feed, including loading raw material into the chamber, moving it in the chamber, creating a vacuum and ensuring heating of the material due to exposure to a microwave radiation source, it is new that the feed is processed under continuous their movement from the zone of high pressure, located between the ends of the blades of the fluidization unit and the inner surface of the chamber, along the inner surface of the chamber in the vacuum zone (rarefaction), located axis of the chamber, and then moving downward under the influence of vacuum and its own weight, forming a stable circulating fluidized stream, and the vacuum is produced by the block located inside the fluidization chamber.

Due to the fact that the feed processing is carried out in batches, for uniform and comprehensive exposure to the microwave emitter of the feed, it is necessary to constantly move the feed, therefore, the material received for processing is brought into a stable rotational movement, which is possible in a confined space in the presence of a fluidized stream, which is formed by creating a zone high pressure located between the ends of the blades and the inner surface of the chamber, in which the processed material rises up, and the vacuum zone (vacuum), located along the axis of the chamber, in which under the action of vacuum and its own weight, it falls from top to bottom, with each component particle of the material without interference being comprehensively processed by microwave energy, which also allows to increase the efficiency of the device in which the proposed method is implemented.

The essence of the proposed method is carried out using the installation of portioned microwave processing of feed, shown in the drawing.

The batch microwave feed processing installation comprises a microwave generator 1 connected via a transmission line 2 to a microwave radiation source 3 (multilayer, multi-turn inductor) made in the form of a sphere and located on the surface of a spherical working chamber 4 equipped with a loading gateway 5 at the input under which a guide fairing 6 is fixed, having the shape of a hemisphere and serving simultaneously as a funnel for loading feed with a filling hole diameter d = 80-100 mm. In the lower part of the spherical working chamber 4, a fluidization unit is installed, made in the form of a vertical shaft 7, rotating at a speed of 350-400 rpm, on which are fixed at an angle to the horizontal plane, not exceeding the angle of repose of the processed feed, at a distance of H = ( 1 / 3-1 / 4) R from the axis of attachment to the lower part of the spherical chamber, blades 8, with a gap to the inner surface of the spherical working chamber δ = 0.4 - 0.6 mm and having a linear velocity at the ends of 5-6 m / from. Under the fluidization unit, the discharge gateway 9 is located at the outlet of the spherical working chamber.

Installation of portioned microwave feed processing works as follows. When the microwave generator 1 is operating, electromagnetic waves through the transmission line 2 and the microwave radiation source 3 (multilayer, multi-turn inductor) excite electromagnetic oscillations in the spherical working chamber 4, into which, with the discharge gateway 9 closed and the load gateway 5 open, along the guide fairing 6, made in the form of a hemisphere and serving simultaneously as a funnel for loading feed with a filling hole diameter d = 80-100 mm, the set portion of processed feed (for example, rapeseed, soybean or lupine seeds, bikorma) with loading factor of the spherical volume of the working chamber 4, equal to K = 0.4-0.5. Next, the loading gateway 5 is closed and the fluidization unit is turned on by rotation, at a speed of 350-400 rpm, of a vertical shaft 7 with it fixed at an angle to the horizontal plane, not exceeding the angle of repose of the processed feed, at a distance of H = (1 / 3-1 / 4) R from the axis of attachment to the lower part of the spherical chamber, by blades 8 having a gap between the inner surface of the spherical working chamber and their ends δ = 0.4-0.6 mm and linear velocity at the ends of 5-6 m /from. The material loaded into the spherical working chamber is captured by the blades, discarded by them (firewood) from the center to the inner surface of the working spherical chamber and, having the speed of the end of the blades, moves upward along it, reaching the guide fairing 6, which removes the fluidized flow and directs it down the axis, This is also facilitated by the vacuum created by the blades 8 in this space of the spherical working chamber 4. Thus, a stably circulating fluidized stream (a mixture of processed feed and air flowing like a liquid around the entire perimeter - 360 ° - of the inner surface of the spherical working chamber 4), having a high homogeneity of the mixture, in which each component particle of the processed material without interference is comprehensively subjected to microwave processing, which in turn creates a high efficiency condition devices. After the set processing time (exposure) has elapsed, the discharge gateway 9 is opened, located at the bottom of the spherical working chamber at the outlet, and when the blasting unit is operating with blades 8, the processed feed is unloaded. Next, the cycle repeats. Processing time (exposure) is set depending on the type of processed feed.

Thus, the use of this method, implemented in a device for portioned microwave processing of feed, allows for high-quality microwave processing of feed at a given processing time (exposure), with maximum use of the efficiency of the device, which makes it possible to reduce energy and material costs.

Claims (1)

Method of portioned microwave processing of feed, including loading raw material into the chamber, moving it in the chamber, creating a vacuum and ensuring heating of the material due to exposure to a microwave radiation source, characterized in that the feed is processed during continuous movement from the high pressure zone located between the ends of the blades of the fluidization unit and the inner surface of the chamber, along the inner surface of the chamber into the vacuum (rarefaction) zone located along the axis of the chamber, followed by moving down under the influence of vacuum and its own weight, while forming a stably circulating fluidized stream, and the vacuum is created by means of a fluidization unit located inside the chamber.