RU2470824C1 - Method and device for patching breaches in two-hull under water structure - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to rescue operations and may be used in isolation of submarine hull breach caused by anti-submarine weapons as well as for isolation of tight vessels at internal or external pressure. Proposed method comprises shutting off the breach by nonrigid insert forced by hydrostatic pressure to breach exceeding 7 atm created by inflowing water. Proposed device comprises nonrigid insert arranged, prior to diving, in hull-to-hull space all along the hull length that will be forced by water head toward the breach. Said nonrigid insert represents two-layer reinforced conveyor belt patch with consecutive alternation of patch sheets attachment to hull frames. Inner layer sheets are bent so that every sheet skirts frame it is attached to get in contact with adjacent frames, hull and frame base while sheets of another layer are laid unfolded to overlap in area of attachment of aforesaid sheets.EFFECT: simplified jobs, faster patching.2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of shipbuilding, in particular to rescue tools and methods for ensuring software survivability, and can be used to temporarily seal the software case when it is punctured from the effects of anti-submarine weapons, for example, cumulative ammunition, and can also be used to seal vessels and airtight objects under external or internal pressure.

The task to which the invention is directed is to maintain the functionality of the hull (ensuring survivability) of both inhabited and uninhabited two-hull software located at a depth under high pressure, when breaking through its durable (internal) hull, for example, cumulative ammunition. Actions to maintain functionality must be carried out without human intervention, very quickly, in order to give the boat buoyancy, for the time it takes to bring the software from a great depth to a shallow one, for further repair.

From the prior art, similar developments aimed at solving this problem have not been identified.

As a result of a patent information search, devices were identified that aimed at maintaining the functionality of the hulls of surface ships, vessels, as well as single-hull and two-hull software located at a shallow depth when they were damaged or penetrated from a collision with another vessel or object. Many protective equipment has been identified, such as special pads, inflatable sealing inserts, drawn into a hole, patches of various configurations, etc. elements of different designs and shapes.

So, for example, there is a known method of maintaining the functionality of a ship’s hull in case of a hole and a device for temporarily closing a hole (application WO (KR) 2009123383, IPC B63B 43/16, B63B 43/00, 10/08/2009, patent GB 2374047, IPC: B63B 43/16, publ. 11.02.2002). The device includes a deformable insert made of flexible polymers or fabrics that can be easily folded and inflated, hard and flexible pipes, a pump for pumping the deformable insert. The method is based on the fact that during the formation of holes, an insert connected by pipelines to the on-board pump is thrown overboard, the water pressure draws it into the formed hole, after which it is filled with compressed gas, foam or gel, and under the influence of hydrostatic pressure of the water, the deformable insert is pressed against the body and is fixed.

The proposed method of sealing holes has the following significant disadvantages:

- the impossibility of ensuring combat readiness and survivability of a double-hull structure when a solid body is pierced by an anti-submarine directional weapon due to the lack of access to the hole from the outside of the case when installing a sealing element;

- the method of sealing a hole by throwing the insert overboard is not applicable due to the high pressure of water at great depths, while the use of foam at great depths is also impossible, since it will be knocked out by a stream of water;

- the direct participation of a person in sealing the resulting damage is necessary, which is a risky and dangerous process;

- assumes a long sealing time;

- the use of additional equipment implies the presence of free areas that are difficult to find.

Known means of shock impact, with which the functionality of a durable two-hull software hull is provided in case of damage to a light hull, for example, in a collision (www.deepstorm.ru / Project 690 “Mullet” Submarines) and which is a light hull lining with wooden beams with a simultaneous increase the thickness of the casing and racks connecting with the help of frames lightweight and durable software housing. A method of maintaining the functionality of software by protecting its durable housing in case of damage to the lightweight housing includes damping the impact energy by using ballast water enclosed between the lightweight and durable housing and deforming the shockproof means, which use the skin of the lightweight housing and connecting racks.

The disadvantage is the impossibility of using this method and device to maintain the functionality of the software in the event that anti-submarine weapons with a directed warhead fall into the sturdy hull of a double-hulled submarine, leading to the formation of a hole, even the formation of a small hole leads to loss of combat capability, up to the death of the software.

Also known is a sealing device for sealing holes according to the patent US 6467421 (IPC: B63B 43/16, 10/22/2002), which is a flexible inflatable bubble and a container with foaming agent, interconnected by a piping system. The sealing method using such a device is based on placing an inflatable bubble in the resulting hole and feeding it with a pump into the piping system of the composition of the foam material. In the future, as the foam enters the bubble, it swells and fixes under the influence of external water pressure in the hole.

It is also known a device for quickly sealing a hole formed in a ship’s hull, according to patent FR 2808499 (IPC: B63B 43/16, 01/09/2001), which is an inflatable airtight element covered with rubber, it is placed in a hole and through a rigid pipe filled with compressed gas. It is used for temporary sealing of holes, thereby giving time to begin the basic repair of the body.

Another known device for sealing holes on board a vessel according to the patent DE 19957445 (IPC: B63B 43/16, 05/31/2001) is a pipe with a stop fixed to the end to support the inner surface of the side, in which the beam moves with a tip on one end and flap on the other. Between the tip and the stop there is a rubber membrane and an inflatable airbag. The end of the beam is introduced into the hole, so that the membrane is located outside the hole, after which air is supplied to the pillow and water pressure presses it together with the membrane to the hole.

Another well-known sealing device for urgent ship repair on the application WO (KR) No. 2009088128, IPC: V63V 43/16, V63V 25/08, V63V 35/32, publ. July 16, 2009 includes: a two-layer iron plate with recesses in the center and at the corners on one of the surfaces for installing magnets with high magnetic force, up to 3000 Gs, sufficient to hold the plate on the trigger equipment, which divers deliver to the hole.

Also known is a pressure vessel with a damage reduction system according to the patent US 5476189 (IPC: F17C 1/06, 12/03/1993), which consists of an outer shell made of composite material. Damage softening material is introduced inside the outer shell, the main thickness of the shell is placed inside the damage softening material, and insignificant thickness of the shell is located outside the damage softening material.

The insignificant thickness of the shell and the material that softens the damage, physically change or deform when exposed to a given external force, which may not be enough to affect the main thickness of the shell.

So, as can be seen from the prior art, to maintain the functionality of software or other objects in case of depressurization of their enclosures, sealing elements are used to close the damage, while using additional equipment (pumps, compressors, etc.) or direct human involvement ( output in spacesuits, protective equipment for damage in the aquatic environment), which is applicable only for objects located at shallow depths. Due to the impossibility of access to damage when the software is located at great depths, the above methods for installing sealing elements in the places of damage are not applicable. In addition, the considered methods are time-consuming due to the inertia of the applied additional equipment mechanisms or the inability of a person to get to a hole inside the vessel to determine the damage location and its closure and do not ensure software functionality is maintained for the necessary time, which is necessary to remove software from large depths to small ones.

The technical result of the invention is to ensure the survivability of software located at a depth under high pressure, with a case breakdown by sealing it without human intervention.

The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that the method of sealing holes in the hull of a two-hull underwater object is carried out by pre-immersing the software to place the deformable insert in the inter-hull space with fixing it on the structural elements of the body and when the software is under water, the pressure of which exceeds 7 atm, and the implementation overlapping the holes of the solid software housing by moving under the influence of hydrostatic pressure of the water entering through the hole, the deformable insert in Orono holes hull ON followed by fixing the insert on it.

A device for sealing a hole in a case of a double-case software includes a deformable insert, which is placed along the perimeter of the case in the inter-body space with the possibility of moving under the pressure of water in the direction of the hole of the inner case, while the deformable insert is made of two-layer reinforced conveyor belt sheets with sequential alternation of fastening of sheets of various layers on the frames of the inner body, while the sheets of the inner layer are bent so that each of them bends around the frame, with to which it is fastened to contact with adjacent frames, the inner body and the base of the envelope frame, and the sheets of the other layer are laid out in unfolded form, approaching each other in the zone of fastening of the sheets of the inner layer.

Sealing a hole formed in a strong case with a deformable insert, which is placed in the housing between its bodies and securing it to the structural elements of the case before immersing the software, makes it possible to use a water pressure for its movement, the pressure of which exceeds 7 atm entering through the hole, and seal deep hole without crew effort, which simplifies closing holes without placing additional rescue devices on the deck or other useful software space.

The movement of the deformable insert to the hole under the influence of hydrostatic pressure of the water entering through the hole allows to reduce the time of emergency work to eliminate the hole, to reduce the rate of water intake or completely stop its flow with reliable fixation of the insert on the hole, thus eliminating the need for human participation in the sealing of the formed holes and the use of additional equipment, in particular pumps, connecting pipelines, etc.

Placing a deformable insert in the interbody space along the perimeter of the housing provides a higher probability of pulling the required insert into the resulting hole.

Due to the strength, elastic properties of the material, as well as the long service life, the implementation of a multi-layer deformable deformable insert makes it possible to ensure reliable sealing at high external pressure and significant overpressure without significant damage, as well as to provide a simple and cheap manufacturing of the deformable insert.

The sequential alternation of fastening sheets of various layers on the frames of the inner housing allows for reliable positioning of the layers relative to the holes.

Making sheets of the inner layer curved so that each of them bends around the frame, with which it is fastened to contact with adjacent frames, the inner body and the base of the enveloped frame, allows you to maximize cover the perimeter of the housing, where formation of a hole is possible.

The location of the unfolded sheets of the conveyor belt with approaching each other allows the outer layer of the insert to adapt as much as possible to the complex surface of the durable case, especially at the points of contact with the edge of the hole, which improves sealing and ensures the reliability of the deformable insert.

Consider the implementation of the proposed method of sealing holes in the housing of the software using the device to ensure it, schematically presented in figure 1, 2. Figure 1 - initial position of the deformable insert. Figure 2 - end position, where:

1 - strong (internal) software housing; 2 - light (outer) software housing; 3 - casing of the light software housing; 4 - frames; 5 - the inner layer of the deformable insert, 6 - the outer layer of the deformable insert, 7 - the housing space, 8 - the fastening of the sheets of the inner layer of the deformable insert; 9 - fastening sheets of the outer layer of the deformable insert; 10 - striking element (indicating its direction); 11 - holes from the impact of the damaging element.

A device for sealing a hole in a software housing consists of two layers of sheets of size 1500 × 500 mm, cut from a reinforced conveyor belt, 15.2 mm thick, made in accordance with GOST 20-85 (the thickness of the rubber lining of the working is 5 mm, non-working - 2 mm, between them there are five layers of reinforced fabric TK 200-2). The sheets are placed around the perimeter of the housing in the inter-housing space with the possibility of moving under the pressure of water towards the holes of the inner housing. Sheets of various layers with sequential alternation are bolted together with frames of the inner casing. The inner layer consists of sheets that are bent so that each of them bends around the frame, with which it is fastened to contact adjacent frames, the inner body and the base of the enveloped frame, and the sheets of the other layer are laid out in unfolded form with each other approaching in the zone fastening sheets of the inner layer. The presented sealing device has the following technical and economic indicators: rigidity, strength, elasticity (restoration of shape to a working state after a static load of up to 100 kg), resistance to salt solutions, operating temperature range from -40 ° C to + 60 ° C, long-term ( 20 years) service life without loss of properties. Moreover, the sealing device will be able to withstand external pressure up to 100 atm.

The method of sealing holes in the housing using the inventive deformable insert is as follows. Prior to immersion of the double-case software in the volume between the light 2 and durable 1 cases, a two-layer deformable insert consisting of the outer 6 and inner 5 layers is placed around the perimeter. When penetrating the striking element 10 in the form of, for example, a cumulative jet, a light body 2 with a casing 3, the outer layer 6 of the deformable insert also breaks through, then the inner layer 5 and the strong body 1 with the formation of a hole 11. In this case, under the influence of hydrostatic water pressure, the outer layer 6 and the inner layer 5 of the deformable insert in the direction of the formed hole 11 of the durable housing 1 and further pressing the layers 5, 6 of the insert with significant force, which can reach several tons, and the hole on the outer layer 6 of the deformable insert is displaced with respect to the hole of the inner layer 5, and with respect to the hole of the strong body 1. The elastic outer coating of the sheets is deformed by the pressing force and acts as a sealant.

Thus, the advantage of the invention is the obvious simplicity, low cost and the ability to apply it already on existing two-case software. The application of the claimed invention allows to reliably and in the shortest time possible to seal the resulting hole in the housing, thereby increasing the survivability of the software by 20-30%, its use is certainly justified, since there are currently alternative methods of sealing holes in the software cases located at a depth by overlapping Water does not flow through a robust housing.

Claims (2)

1. A method of sealing a hole in a body of a two-shell underwater object (PO), including pre-placement in the inter-shell space before immersing the software of the deformable insert with fixing it on the structural elements of the body and overlapping the holes of the durable case when the software is under water, the pressure of which is more than 7 atm, by the movement of the deformable insert in the direction of the hole under the action of hydrostatic pressure of water entering through the hole, with subsequent fixation of the insert on the hole. 2. A device for sealing a hole in a body of a two-shell underwater object (PO), including a deformable insert, which is placed along the perimeter of the body in the inter-shell space with the possibility of moving under the pressure of water in the direction of the hole of a strong case, while the deformable insert is made of two-layer reinforced conveyor belt sheets with a sequential by alternating the fastening of sheets of different layers on the frames of a strong case, while the sheets of the inner layer are bent so that each of them bends around pangout to which it is bonded to the contact with the neighboring frames, robust housing and the base frame envelope and another layer stacked sheets in expanded form with a stop on each other in the zone of fastening of the sheets of the inner layer.

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