RU2469533C1 - Device for collecting colorado potato beetles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: device for collecting the Colorado potato beetles comprises a frame, guides, storages, and dividers. The guides are mare with the ability to compress the stems of potatoes at the root. The storages are made with a recess above the axis of the wheel. The dividers are mounted on the frame symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the device. Each divider is made in the form of a bell, and consists of a central cone and parts of the truncated cones. The cones have different diameter of the base. The cones are mounted on the shaft of square section.

EFFECT: ability to shake the stems of potato is provided due to the design of the divider, increased collection rate of Colorado potato beetles.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in technology for collecting the Colorado potato beetle.

The action of the device takes into account the peculiarities of the Colorado potato beetle loosely attached to the leaves and stems of plants and is easy to crumble with the slightest shaking.

A device for combating the Colorado potato beetle is known, comprising a frame, a support wheel made hollow and having a C-shape in axial section for collecting beetles into it, a mechanism for destroying beetles located inside the wheel, made in the form of a roller mounted on the frame in contact with the inside a cylindrical surface of the wheel for the destruction of beetles by pressure, and has a roller scraper and a wheel scraper (RF Patent No. 2202883, IPC 7 A01M 5/04, publ. 04/27/2003).

In the support wheel of the device, a part of the right wall with a window for capturing beetles is designed to delay the beetles reflected from the left wall when shaking them from the bushes. Inside the wheel there is a roller mounted on the frame, the cylindrical and right end surfaces of which are in contact with the corresponding inner surfaces of the support wheel to destroy the beetles by means of pressure between the roller and the wheel. Scrapers are also attached to the frame, in contact with the roller and wheel, respectively, to clean the surfaces of crushed beetles.

Two people work with the device - one pulls the device on the left side of the row of bushes by the handles on the frame, and the second goes behind and sweeps the beetles out of the bushes with a broom in the wheel. The wheel rolls on the ground and rolls part of its inner surface with bugs on it near the ice rink, where the bugs are crushed. This part of the surface is a zone of destruction of beetles. All beetles in the wheel are completely destroyed, because the period of rotation of the support wheel is small enough for the beetles to crawl through the strip of their destruction.

The surface of the rink with crushed bugs later passes near the scraper and is cleaned of bugs. The surface of the wheel with crushed bugs passes near another scraper and is also cleaned of bugs.

The technical and economic efficiency of the known device lies in the fact that the destruction of beetles is carried out directly in the support wheel, as well as in a simpler and lighter design in comparison with the known devices.

However, the known device for combating the Colorado potato beetle has disadvantages.

Two people work with the device - one pulls the device on the left side of the row of bushes by the handles on the frame, and the second goes behind and sweeps the beetles out of the bushes with a broom in the wheel. That is, the device is designed to combat the Colorado potato beetle in small areas of potatoes. In addition, the manual labor of two people is applied.

Also known is a device for collecting and destroying the Colorado potato beetle, containing a frame on wheels, made arcuate and equipped with guides for crimping potato stems at the root, drives made with a recess above the wheel axis and having a pest chopper, and a divider in the form of a biconvex lens in horizontal section, mounted on the frame symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the device, pest shredders made in the form of a pair of gears mounted on the bottom in the recess of the drives coaxially with the wheels, one of gears is rigidly fixed to the axis of the wheel (RF Patent, 2056105, IPC 7 A01M 5/04, publ. 03.20.1996).

The device consists of an arcuate frame with wheels. Drives are mounted on the frame. Elastic beaters are attached to the vertical walls of the drive, perpendicular to the horizontal axis of the device. Guides are installed in front of the drive. A divider is installed on the frame symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the device. At the bottom of the drive coaxial with the wheels mounted gear choppers of beetles. A leash is attached to the frame.

A known device for collecting and destroying the Colorado potato beetle works as follows. The device behind the leash is moved at a uniform speed along the row-spacing. Guides compress potato stems at the root. The divider with a sharp end pushes and tilts the stalks of potatoes over the drives. Elastic beaters, striking the stems and leaves of potatoes, shake off the beetles and larvae into the drive. Pests roll down the inclined walls of the drive to the bottom. Beetles and larvae, falling into the gear chopper, are destroyed.

The use of this invention allows with less energy and labor costs to effectively collect and destroy the Colorado potato beetle. Simplicity of construction and low material costs for the manufacture of the device make it possible to use it both on personal plots and on large potato plantations to combat the Colorado potato beetle.

The known device for collecting and destroying the Colorado potato beetle has disadvantages.

The device allows you to collect Colorado beetles from only one row of potatoes, as it relies on two wheels that are rolled along the aisle. In this regard, the device cannot be used on large potato plantations, since it is impossible to increase the width of the capture.

The divider of the known device, made in the form of a biconvex lens in horizontal section, with a sharp end pushes and tilts the potato stalks over the drives, does not provide shaking of the potato stalks.

Elastic beaters are attached to the vertical walls of the drive of the known device, which, hitting the stems and leaves of the potato, not only shake the beetles in the drive, but also damage the stems and leaves of the potato. In addition, the description indicates that the elastic beaters are mounted on the vertical walls of the drives. But if the beaters, then they have the ability to rotate, and this will not only damage the leaves and stems, but winding on the beater, which will pull the potato stems from the soil.

Some of the bugs that showered from the leaves and stalks of potatoes fall not only into the drive, but also onto the horizontal surface of the divider, and then onto the soil of the row of potatoes, since the divider is made in the form of a biconvex lens in horizontal section.

The task is to create a technical solution to improve the process of collecting harmful insects in a drive by shaking potato stems.

The technical result from the use of the device is to increase the collection of the Colorado potato beetle by creating a divider design that allows not only to spread and tilt, but also to shake the stems.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for collecting the Colorado potato beetle, containing a frame on wheels equipped with guides for crimping potato stems at the root, drives made with a recess above the wheel axis and having a divider mounted on the frame symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the device, and the divider is made in in the form of a bell made of a central cone and parts of truncated cones with different base diameters and mounted on a square shaft.

Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the inventive device for collecting the Colorado potato beetle meets the criterion of "novelty", as it differs from the prototype.

1. The divider is made of conical parts.

2. The central conical part is made in the form of a cone.

3. The conical components are made with different base diameters in the form of a truncated cone.

4. The conical components are mounted on a square shaft.

5. The divider is made in the form of a bell.

In order to spread the stems of one row of potatoes into two parts, the divider is made with the central part in the form of a cone. For this, the central part of the divider is mounted on the shaft (threaded connection) and, when the device is in operation, spreads the stalks of potatoes.

When the device moves, the central conical part of the divider moves in the middle of the row of potatoes, and the stems of the potato plants are divided into two parts. Some of the Colorado beetles that crumble from leaves and stems when exposed to the central conical part of the divider fall into the drive, and the other part of the beetles and larvae remain on the leaves and stems of the potato.

Some Colorado potato beetles and larvae fall from the stalks and leaves of potatoes onto a divider. In the device adopted for the prototype, some bugs and larvae fall on the divider and slide off the divider, and then fall between the guides for crimping the potato stalks onto the soil of a row of potatoes, since the divider is made in the form of a biconvex lens in horizontal section.

In order to prevent the Colorado potato beetle from falling between the divider and the guides for compressing potato stalks onto the soil, the divider is made in the form of conical parts. On the conical parts of the divider, Colorado beetles do not accumulate, slide off the divider and fall into the drive.

In order to shake the potato stalks, the divider is made of composite truncated conical parts in the form of a bell. In this case, the truncated parts of the cones are made with the same diameter (except for the central cone, which is attached to the shaft by a threaded connection). The central cone is not truncated.

The base of each subsequent cone is made with a larger diameter than the previous one. That is, the divider is made in the form of a bell. When performing a divider with the bases of the cone parts of different diameters, but with the same diameter at the point of truncation of the cone, i.e. in the form of a bell, several conical parts are obtained. When the divider is assembled, cavities form. When the device for collecting the Colorado potato beetle is working, the central conical part of the divider spreads the row of bushes into two parts, and then each conical part of the divider not only spreads, but also tilts the stalks of potatoes. At the same time, part of the Colorado potato beetles and larvae shake off leaves and stems and fall into the drive.

Potato stalks are in contact with the lateral surface of each conical part of the divider.

In order to increase the shedding of beetles from plants by shaking potato stalks with a divider, there are hollows between the conical parts, since the divider is made in the form of a bell. During operation of the device, the potato stalks are extended and tilted by the conical parts of the divider, and the stems fall into the depressions formed by the conical parts of the divider. When the stems get into the hollows of the divider, the stems are shaken, and the remaining Colorado beetles and larvae come off the leaves and stems and fall into the drive.

Thus, the divider not only spreads and tilts the stems, but also shakes the stems and leaves of the potato. At the same time, the showability of beetles and larvae from potato plants that fall into the drive increases.

When carrying out the first, second, third inter-row processing of potatoes, as well as during the earthing up of potatoes and fertilizing, a cultivator is hung on a tractor hitch, and to collect the Colorado potato beetle and larvae, the proposed device is hung on the same row cultivator in front of the tractor.

When conducting inter-row and subsequent treatments, the potato stems have a greater height than the previous ones.

In order to change the distance between the soil and the lower surface of the divider, the conical truncated parts, except for the central conical part of the divider, are mounted on a square shaft, that is, with the possibility of changing the design parameters of the divider.

Identified signs of a technical solution of the claimed device for collecting the Colorado potato beetle allow us to conclude that the technical solution meets the criterion of "Significant differences".

Figure 1 shows a device for collecting the Colorado potato beetle; figure 2 is the same, a top view.

The device for collecting the Colorado potato beetle consists of a frame 1, which is hung in front of a row tractor. Frame 1 is supported by support wheels (tractor and support wheels not shown). The drives 2 are mounted on the frame 1. On the frame 1, the fixed drives 2 are placed in the rows between the processed potatoes. Between drives 2 there are ridges 3 with potato plants placed. The drives 2 are mounted on the frame 1 with the possibility of changing their position, since the technology of cultivation of potatoes provide aisles of 60, 70 and 90 cm (the fastening of drives 2 to the frame is not shown).

Guide rails 4 are installed in front of drives 2. Between drives 2, in the middle of ridges 3, a divider 5 is installed symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the device. divider 5 on frame 1 and install in the middle of ridges 3 when cultivating potatoes with 60, 70 or 90 cm row spacing.

The divider 5 is made in the form of a bell and consists of conical parts 8, 9 and 10 mounted on a square shaft 11. The central conical part 8 is attached to the shaft 11 by a threaded connection. The conical parts 9 and 10 are mounted on a square shaft 11 and are fixed with fingers 12. The fingers 12 are mounted in the holes 13 of the shaft 11.

A device for collecting the Colorado potato beetle works as follows. A device for collecting the Colorado potato beetle is mounted on a frame 1, which is supported by support wheels (support wheels not shown). Frame 1 with a device for collecting the Colorado potato beetle is hung in front of a row tractor. A cultivator-hiller with interchangeable working bodies is mounted on the rear linkage of the row tractor (tractor not shown).

The device for collecting the Colorado potato beetle works simultaneously during inter-row cultivation, hilling potatoes and applying mineral fertilizers.

When working a row unit, drives 2 move with uniform speed along the row-spacing. Guides 4 compress the stems of the potato at the root. The divider 5 with the sharp end of the conical part 8 extends and tilts the potato stalks above the drives 2. The expandable and tilted stems slide along the conical part 8, and then fall into the depressions formed by the cylindrical surface of the part 8 and the conical part 9 of the divider 5. In this case, the potato stems are shaken. and the Colorado beetles, as well as the larvae, tear themselves away from the stems and fall into the accumulator 2. The conical part 9 of the divider 5 pushes and tilts the potato stalks above the accumulators 2. The Colorado beetles and the larva They are pushed into the drive 2. The expandable and tilted stems of the potato glide along the conical part 9 of the divider 5, and then fall into the depressions formed by the cylindrical surface of the conical part 9 and the conical part 10 of the divider 5. In this case, the potato stems are shaken and the Colorado beetles and larvae fall into drive 2. The expandable and tilted stalks of potatoes slide along the conical part 10 of the divider 5, and then shaking occurs, since the zone of the conical part 10 of the divider 5 ends. Potato stalks are shaken, Colorado beetles and larvae fall into drive 2. Colorado beetles and larvae are manually removed from drives 2.

A positive effect is achieved:

- by simplifying the design of the device for collecting the Colorado potato beetle;

- reduce energy and labor costs when caring for potatoes, since the device for collecting the Colorado potato beetle is hung on a row cultivator used when caring for potatoes, that is, when conducting row-spacings, applying mineral fertilizers and hilling potatoes;

- increasing the efficiency of collecting beetles, as the device for collecting the Colorado potato beetle allows you to shake potato bushes;

- the possibility of using the device for collecting the Colorado potato beetle on small and large potato plantations.

Claims (1)

A device for collecting a Colorado potato beetle, containing a frame on wheels, equipped with guides for crimping potato stems at the root, drives made with a recess above the wheel axis and having a divider mounted on a frame symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the device, characterized in that the divider is made in the form of a bell, made of a central cone and parts of truncated cones with different base diameters and mounted on a square shaft.

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