RU2468595C1 - Method for reduction of cadmium content in broiler chicken body - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to farm industry. The method involves feeding a fodder containing cuprum nanoparticles sized 103.0±2.0 nm in a dose of 1.7 mg/kg of the fodder. The fodder is continuously fed since broiler chickens are aged two weeks.

EFFECT: invention allows to reduce concentration of cadmium in broiler chicken body which is important for poultry farming products quality enhancement.

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Description

The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in feeding poultry (in particular, broiler chickens).

Known methods for reducing the content of heavy metals in agricultural products when including in the diet of laying hens the enzyme premix IEC-TsGAP patent No. 2270580, A method of reducing lead in the body of chickens, including giving a feed, characterized in that the feed contains enzymatic premix in a dose of 0.1 % of the mass of feed that was fed, starting from three weeks of age, without examining the dynamics of deposition of lead when it is loaded with feed. The decrease in the concentration of cadmium in the body of laying hens when feeding the IEC-TsGAP enzyme premix is unreliable.

EFFECT: reduced cadmium content in the body of broiler chickens.

The technical problem is solved in that in the known method, which includes feeding the feed, the feed contains nanoparticles of copper in a dose of 1.7 mg / kg of feed obtained by high-temperature condensation with a size of 103.0 ± 2.0 im, consisting of crystalline copper 96%, copper oxide 4%.

The method is implemented as follows: a bird grown in accordance with the recommendations (Guidelines on technology and breeding of cross-country birds “Change”. - Zagorsk, VPITIP, 1990, 47 s.), Is contained in compound feed with the inclusion of copper nanoparticles in a dose of 1.7 mg / kg feed. Nanoparticles were obtained by high-temperature condensation at the Migep-3 facility. The shape and size were determined by scanning electron microscopy (JSM microscope, JOEL company) voltage of 1 kV. To prepare the sample, the nanopowder was subjected to short-term ultrasonic dispersion in acetone. Then the nanoparticles were deposited on a special carbon substrate and placed under a microscope. To determine the diameter, the diameter was measured using the Mikran-25 computer program. Their composition was determined by x-ray phase analysis.

The study of the toxicity of copper nanoparticles was carried out on SHK mice weighing 18-20 g, which were injected intraperitoneally with a suspension of copper nanoparticles in different concentrations, prepared by dispersing a specific sample of the powder in water on an ultrasonic disperser UZDP-2T in 0.5 A, 44 kHz mode, at cooling according to the following scheme: 30 sec dispersion - 1 min cooling (3 cycles). Based on the studies, we obtained copper nanoparticles with a size of 103.0 ± 2.0 nm, consisting of crystalline copper 96%, copper oxide 4%, with a maximum value of MTD, LD ₅₀ , LD ₁₀₀ (Table 1).

Table 1 Size n / h of copper, nm Doses, mg / kg animal weight MTD LD ₅₀ LD ₁₀₀ 103 ± 2.0 10.0 15.0 30,0 77.3 ± 1.2 7.5 11.0 30,0 33.8 ± 0.3 2.5 7.0 20,0

Our studies have shown that the introduction of copper nanoparticles into feed reduces the average cadmium deposition rate in the body of broiler chickens by a factor of 2.3. The experiment was carried out on a model of broiler chickens (n = 60) of the Smena-7 cross, which at a weekly age was divided into four groups by the principle of analog pairs and was kept under identical conditions during the preparatory period. Starting from two weeks of age, they were transferred to the main accounting period, during which the first group was kept on the main diet (VNITIP, 2000) with the addition of copper nanoparticles in a dose of 1.7 mg / kg of feed, the second - on the main diet with the addition of CdSO ₄ * 8H ₂ O at a dose of 40 mg / kg of feed, the third on the main diet with the addition of CdSO ₄ * 8H ₂ O at a dose of 40 mg / kg of feed and copper nanoparticles at a dose of 1.7 mg / kg of feed, and the fourth on the main the diet.

To study the accumulation of minerals in the body of broiler chickens, 3 control slides were performed at 2-, 4-, 6-week-old, respectively. Slaughter was carried out according to the established methodology (Methodological recommendations for conducting scientific research on feeding poultry. Edited by Fisinin V.I. Sergiev Nosad: VNII TIP, 1992, 25 pp.).

The chemical composition of all the main parts of the bird's body was studied. The analysis of the content of trace elements was carried out by atomic absorption spectrometry (Raw materials and food products. Atomic absorption method for the determination of toxic elements. - Minsk: Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification, 1997 - 13 pp.). According to the results of control slaughter, it was found that the inclusion of copper nanoparticles in the diet contributed to a decrease in the level of cadmium in the body of the experimental bird (Table 2).

table 2 Groups The concentration of cadmium in the body, mcg / g age weeks 2 four 6 first 0.433 ± 0.011 0.363 ± 0.014 0.321 ± 0.017 second 0.421 ± 0.011 22.781 ± 0.37 46.742 ± 1.172 the third 0.431 ± 0.011 16.045 ± 0.29 35.991 ± 0.901 the fourth 0.422 ± 0.011 0.522 ± 0.067 0.613 ± 0.011

Table 3 Groups Retention of cadmium in the body, mcg / goal. per day age weeks 2-4 4-6 2-6 first -0.005 -0.003 -0.004 second 1,597 1,711 1.65 the third 1,115 1,424 1.27 the fourth 0.007 0,065 0.006

Table 4 Groups The concentration of cadmium in the muscles, mcg / g age, pedal 2 four 6 first 0,07 ± 0,001 0.05 ± 0.002 0.03 ± 0.004 second 0.06 ± 0.001 0.25 ± 0.041 0.52 ± 0.059 the third 0.06 ± 0.001 0.22 ± 0.015 0.49 ± 0.063 the fourth 0,07 ± 0,001 0.05 ± 0.004 0,07 ± 0,001 The concentration of cadmium in the internal organs, mcg / g first 0.25 ± 0.03 0.21 ± 0.042 0.2 ± 0.048 second 0.23 ± 0.03 21.06 ± 1.422 45.01 ± 4.51 the third 0.25 ± 0.03 15.03 ± 1.150 34.14 ± 3.41 the fourth 0.22 ± 0.03 0.32 ± 0.04 0.37 ± 0.024 The concentration of cadmium in the skin, mcg / g first 0.11 ± 0.015 0.10 ± 0.013 0.09 ± 0.013 second 0.13 ± 0.015 0.91 ± 0.015 1.18 ± 0.12 the third 0.12 ± 0.015 0.78 ± 0.013 1.34 ± 0.13 the fourth 0.13 ± 0.015 0.15 ± 0.023 0.17 ± 0.021 The concentration of cadmium in the bones, mcg / g first 0.003 ± 0.0001 0.003 ± 0.0001 0.001 ± 0.0001 second 0.001 ± 0.0001 0.021 ± 0.002 0.032 ± 0.001 the third 0.001 ± 0.0001 0.015 ± 0.003 0.021 ± 0.001 the fourth 0.002 ± 0.0001 0.002 ± 0.0001 0.003 ± 0.0001

So, after two weeks of feeding copper nanoparticles, the body of broilers of the first group contained 0.363 μg / g of cadmium, which is 30.45% less than in the fourth group, after four weeks of feeding, the differences were 47.63% / P <0.001 / . When the live weight at 6 weeks of age was 1569.33 ± 168.7 g, the cadmium concentration in the body of broiler chickens of the first group was 0.321 ± 0.0171 μg / g, of the fourth 0.613 ± 0.011 mg / kg. Thus, the feeding of copper nanoparticles in the first group led to a decrease in the amount of cadmium in the body of broiler chickens by 0.292 μg / g / P <0.001 / from the level of the fourth group (Table 2).

When the body is loaded with a toxic dose of CdSO ₄ * 8H ₂ O and the combined administration of CdSO ₄ * 8H ₂ O and copper nanoparticles, it is seen that the accumulation of cadmium in the body of broilers of the third group is less intense and amounts to 1.27 mg / goal. per day compared with the second group, where the cadmium retention in the body is 1.65 mcg / goal. per day (table 3). Upon a detailed examination of the data obtained as a result of the experiment, it turned out that copper nanoparticles contribute to a decrease in the cadmium content in the body of broiler chickens throughout the entire feeding period.

Moreover, a decrease in the concentration of cadmium relative to the indicators of the fourth group is observed in most organs and tissues, such as muscle and bone tissue, skin, and the gastrointestinal tract. In particular, in a muscle tissue over a 4-week period of feeding copper nanoparticles, the cadmium level decreased by 2.3 times (Table 4).

This allows us to conclude that the inclusion of copper nanoparticles in the dose of 1.7 mg / kg of compound feed developed according to the recommendations of VNITIP (2000) helps to reduce the cadmium concentration in the body of broiler chickens, which is extremely important for improving the quality of poultry products.

Claims (1)

A method of reducing the cadmium content in the body of broiler chickens, including feeding the feed continuously, starting from two weeks of age, with a content of copper nanoparticles of 103.0 ± 2.0 nm in size at a dose of 1.7 mg / kg of feed.