RU2460945C1 - Tandoor with flue pipe, damper and lifting thermocover - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power industry.

SUBSTANCE: tandoor with flue pipe, damper and lifting thermocover includes massive fuel combustion chamber from fire-resistant material with a hole made in its upper part for loading of food products and fuel, and heat insulation, flue pipe for removal of combustion products to flue removal pipe. Fuel combustion chamber is equipped with ash box with ash box door, lifting thermocover with a loading hole closed with a removable cover from heat-resistant glass. Fasteners are installed from below the lifting cover to fix mounted equipment. Lifting cover has the possibility of being lifted by means of lifting mechanism provided with a restraint. Flue pipe with damper is connected to fuel combustion chamber in its lower part.

EFFECT: enlarging functional capabilities and improving operating performance of tandoor.

7 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The device relates to the field of domestic cooking devices and is intended for cooking both in the open air and indoors.

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%80), the definition is known: tandoor (tanur , toner, tone) - this is an oven for baking national types of bread or pies. It is a large ceramic vessel (hemisphere with a volume of 0.25 to 1 cubic meter) with a round opening in the wall or bottom (circle diameter from 0.5 to 0.7 m). It is traditionally installed in the courtyard on the clay platform with the bottom up. The walls outside are coated with a thick layer of raw clay. This is done to increase the heat capacity of the furnace. Before use, the tandoor is heated hot with wood or brushwood. The laying of firewood, the extraction of ash and the planting of bread in the tandoor is done through the same hole. After all the fuel burns out, the walls of the tandoor quickly wipe away from burning plaque. After that, fast-moving products attach to them for baking. They reach readiness due to the heat accumulated in the thick walls of the tandoor. After that, usually with the help of a special bucket and hook with long handles, the product is removed from the tandoor.

Modern tandoor can work not only on coal, but also on gas or electricity (http://www.tandir.ru/tandir.html). Depending on the type of fuel chosen, an electric spiral is placed at the bottom of the tandoor, or a gas burner is installed, or a grate with a blower is made when charcoal is used.

When installing the tandoor in the room, an exhaust hood is made with a smoke collector as an element of ventilation.

A disadvantage of the known devices is the lack of a chimney in the tandoor to remove smoke from the tandoor's firebox into the pipe, which prevents the use of the tandoor in enclosed spaces. Known devices have a large heat dissipation, because smoke and flame leave the tandoor directly into the atmosphere, as well as inefficient heat saving.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed is an improved Asian stove - tandoor No. 2, presented on the site http://www.ochagi.ru/tandir-2.php, adopted as a prototype.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of the tandoor prototype, where indicated:

1 - ceramic vessel-firebox; 2 - brickwork (tandoor case); 3 - thermal insulation; 4 - a blower with a blower door; 5 - inclined chimney; 6 - steel mast pipe; 11 - smoke collector; 12 - fastening of a smoke collector; 13 - smoke collector door for loading fuel; 14 - mowing.

The prototype tandoor contains a jug-like ceramic firebox 1, lined with fireclay masonry, which is a heat accumulator, between which heat insulation is laid 3 and the brickwork of the casing 2. In addition, a grate is installed in the bottom of the firebox 1, under which there is an ash chamber communicating with 4 blower with a blower door. On top of the vessel-firebox 1 is a ceramic rim-ring.

A smoke exhaust device is installed above the tandoor, which is used as a ventilation element, which consists of a smoke collector 11 with a door 13 for loading fuel, an inclined chimney 5 for exhausting smoke into a nearby pipe 6 with a fastening 12 to the smoke collector 11. Moreover, the inclined chimney 5 with a jib 14 attached to a steel mast-pipe 6. The smoke collector 11 is made removable, it is removed after the tandoor is pierced so as not to interfere with the work of the cook. A steel or brick stationary mast pipe 6 is installed next to the tandoor 2 body and a smoke collector 11 is connected to it at an angle of no more than 45 °.

The disadvantages of the prototype device are the inconvenience of installing a smoke collector - smoke trap above the loading hole, because it interferes with the control of the cooking process, and when it is removed from the hole, the smoke exits outside, gets into the face of the cook, and also prevents the use of the tandoor in closed rooms, in addition, a large heat dissipation, because smoke and flame go out of the tandoor directly into the atmosphere, and inefficient heat saving.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to expand the functionality and improve the operational characteristics of the tandoor.

To solve this problem, in a tandoor with a chimney, a gate and a lifting thermal cover containing a massive firebox made of refractory material with a hole in its upper part for loading cooking and fuel products and heat insulation, the firebox is equipped with a blower with a blower door, as well as a chimney for venting products combustion in the chimney, according to the invention, the firebox is equipped with a lifting lid with a loading opening that closes with a removable lid of heat-resistant glass, while the bottom of the lifting lid fasteners are installed to fix the attachments, the lifting cover is made to be lifted using a lifting mechanism with a locking device, in addition, a chimney with a gate is connected to the firebox in its lower part.

The scheme of the proposed tandoor with a chimney, a gate and a lifting thermal cover is presented in figure 2, where it is indicated:

1 - working part - massive firebox; 2 - non-combustible outer lining of the tandoor; 3 - thermal insulation; 4 - a blower with a blower door; 5 - chimney; 51 - the gate of the chimney; 6 - chimney; 7 - lifting thermal cover; 71 - loading hole in the thermal cover; 72 - mount for connecting the thermal cover with a lifting mechanism; 73 - fasteners for attachments; 8 - removable cover made of heat-resistant glass; 9 - lifting mechanism with a locking device.

The proposed tandoor contains a working part - a massive firebox 1 made of refractory material and placed in the outer lining 2 with thermal insulation 3. The refractory material can be traditional: kiln or refractory brick, it is important that it has sufficient mass for heat storage. In the lower part of the firebox 1 there is a blower with a blower door 4. The chimney 5 is connected to the firebox in its lower part, which is caused by a decrease in heat loss compared to the removal of smoke in the upper part of the firebox, and even more so in the case of an open tandoor. Moreover, the chimney 5 is equipped with a gate 51 and is connected to the chimney 6. In the upper part of the firebox 1 there is an opening for loading cooking products and firewood. The hole is closed by a lifting thermal cover 7, in which there is also a loading hole 71, which, in turn, is closed by a removable cover made of heat-resistant glass 8. At the same time, the thermal cover 7 is equipped with a fastener 72 for connection with the lifting mechanism 9, and the lower part of the thermal cover 7 with fasteners for attachments 73.

The operation of the tandoor is as follows.

They begin to heat the tandoor with a closed lifting thermal cover 7. The loading hole in the lifting cover 71 is also closed with a removable glass cover 8. At the same time, the gate 51 in the chimney 5 and the blower 4 are open. The process of burning fuel in the firebox of the tandoor 1 occurs due to the influx of the required amount of air regulated by the blower door. Combustion products - smoke, is removed through a chimney 5 into a chimney 6 of sufficient height and cross-section to create the draft necessary to completely remove smoke from the firebox 1, preventing smoke from escaping through leaks between the covers and loading openings. The combustion rate of the fuel is regulated both by the position of the blower door and by the position of the gate 51, minimally open, but providing complete removal of smoke.

The fuel is placed through the blower door with the covers 7 and 8 closed or from above through the feed hole 71 in the lifting thermal cover 7, having previously blown the blower 4, opening the gate 51 as much as possible and removing the removable cover from the glass 8. With sufficient traction provided by the pipe 6, tandoor in this state does not smoke, because The flow of air into the furnace does not occur through the blower 4, but through the feed hole 71.

Since the cooking process in the tandoor occurs after the cessation of active combustion of fuel, i.e. due to the accumulated heat in the mass of refractory material from which the firebox 1 is made, then to reduce heat dissipation between the outer lining 2 and the firebox 1 there is thermal insulation 3. For the same purpose, the tandoor is closed by a lifting thermal cover 7 with a loading hole 71, which in turn it is closed by a removable cover made of heat-resistant glass 8. Since the direction of heat radiation from the surface of the heated mass of the firebox 1 is always perpendicular to the radiation surface, for focusing thermal radiation on kmax preparation upper part of the firebox walls inclined inwardly.

After the cook determines the sufficiency of the accumulated heat in the mass of the firebox 1, the fuel supply stops. After the fuel stops burning with flame and hot coals remain in the firebox 1, the blower door closes tightly, and the gate 51 in the chimney 5 closes as much as possible, but in order to prevent the escape of gases from the firebox 1 through the leaks of the covers. This is done in order to reduce heat loss through the chimney 5. If necessary, raise one of the covers of the gate 51 should be opened by the required amount. This is important when using the tandoor indoors.

Using the lifting mechanism 9, the thermal cover 7 rises to the required height, and it is fixed. To the bottom of the lifting thermal cover 7, equipped with fasteners 73, products or grids or trays with products placed on them used as attachments (not shown in FIG. 2) are hung on hooks, depending on the type of food being cooked. So, for the preparation of a whole ham (shown in figure 2), you can use the hooks on which the product is suspended. To prepare products that can be placed on a horizontal surface, such as barbecue, use baking trays or wire racks, which are also hung on hooks with a cable passed into loops or holes along the edges of the baking sheet, and the baking sheets can be fixed one above the other, leaving room for them placing products on each of them.

Then the tandoor is closed by lowering the thermal cover 7 with the products fixed to it on the tandoor's firebox 1, thus, the cooking products are inside the heated massive firebox 1. The feed opening 71 in the thermal cover 7 is closed by a glass cover 8, through which the cooking process is controlled. Moreover, the thermal cover 7 with products at any time can be easily raised and assess the degree of readiness of food.

Thus, the proposed device by connecting the chimney 5 to the bottom of the firebox 1 and connecting it to the chimney 6 of the required cross section and height does not allow smoke to escape from the loading opening of the thermal cover and through leaks. This allows you to improve the operating conditions of the tandoor in the cooking process, as well as to use the tandoor not only in the open air, but also indoors.

Connecting the tandoor chimney to the firebox 1 in its lower part increases the heat extraction by the firebox 1, compared with the tandoor, in which the combustion products (smoke) come out from above, which reduces the heating time of the proposed tandoor and, accordingly, the amount of fuel. In a tandoor, closed by a thermal cover 7 and with a chimney 51 blocked by a chimney 5, heat dissipation is significantly reduced - this allows to increase its working time, i.e. time for cooking, using the accumulated heat from one protopka, for several cooking meat dishes (up to 3 times), and also entails a reduction in fuel consumption and the preparation time of the tandoor.

The presence of attachments, which are attached to the lifting cover 7, allows you to expand the range of prepared products, to mechanize it. In addition, the presence of a glass lid 8 improves the working conditions of the cook, as the time for working on hot steam from the firebox 1 is reduced, since the cooking process is controlled through a closed removable lid made of heat-resistant glass 8 without loss of heat associated with the rise of the thermal cover 7 with the cooking products. The lifting mechanism 9 for the thermocover 7 with the possibility of fixing it at the desired height allows the cook to conveniently place sufficiently massive cooking products, it is also convenient to control the quality of cooking and remove finished products.

As a lifting mechanism can be used, for example, a system of blocks with a cable, which has a locking mechanism, or a winch with a cable. In this case, the lifting mechanism can be driven by muscle force or with the help of an electric drive currently manufactured, for example, MEL LLC (ooomel / ru.> Materials.php? But = 4).

Fuel loading can be carried out not only through loading hole 71 at the top of the firebox, in contrast to traditional tandoor and prototype, but also through blower 4, thereby saving heat.

Claims (7)

1. Tandoor with a chimney, a gate and a lifting thermal cover, containing a massive firebox made of refractory material with a hole in its upper part for loading cooking products and fuel, and heat insulation, while the firebox is equipped with a blower with a blow door, as well as a chimney for venting combustion products into a chimney, characterized in that the firebox is equipped with a lifting thermal cover with a loading opening, which is closed by a removable cover made of heat-resistant glass, and fasteners are installed at the bottom of the lifting cover whether for fixing attachments, a lifting cover is made with the possibility of lifting using a lifting mechanism with a locking device, in addition, a chimney with a gate is connected to the firebox in its lower part. 2. The tandoor according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more pallets or baking trays or wire racks placed one above the other are used as attachments. 3. The tandoor according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more hooks are used as attachments. 4. The tandoor according to claim 1, characterized in that a block system with a cable is used as a lifting mechanism. 5. The tandoor according to claim 1, characterized in that a winch with a cable is used as a lifting mechanism. 6. Tandoor according to claim 4, 5, characterized in that the lifting mechanism is driven by muscle force. 7. The tandoor according to claim 3, 4, characterized in that the lifting mechanism is driven by an electric drive.

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