RU2459762C2 - Load lifting system (versions) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to lifting appliances. Proposed system comprises shaft, elevator cabin 2 vertically moving in said shaft, and drive motor 10 arranged in shaft outside of cabin path or its vertical projection. Cabin 2 is coupled with motor by cable 18 directed by two guide rollers 28 to run under cabin 2. In compliance with first version, diameter of said guide rollers 26 does not exceed 120 mm and is located, at least, partially in cabin vertical projection zone, while sum of bottom recess depth and elevation atop cabin does not exceed cabin height by over 1.4 m. In compliance with second version, spacing between counterweight guide rails equals, at least, minus 0.2 m. note here that cabin depth varies from 1 to 1.6 m.

EFFECT: decrease the volume of area in the mine.

16 cl, 3 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to mechanical engineering, namely, to designs of lifting devices designed to reduce the minimum space required for the installation of a lifting system, in particular by reducing the necessary vertical space above the elevator car at the upper end of its working stroke, as well as under the cab, lower end of its working stroke.

State of the art

The requirements for lifting installations are constantly required to minimize vertical space. In particular, it is desirable to create such lifting devices that would not require an engine room above the shaft to accommodate the engine and related equipment necessary for the operation of the lift. There is also a requirement for reducing the size of the recess from the bottom. WO 99/43589 describes a structure in which a hoist motor is located in a shaft between guide rails on the side of the cab, which eliminates the need to place the engine in the engine room and creates a certain opportunity to reduce the vertical dimensions of the shaft.

The aim of the present invention is to improve existing hoisting installations in mines (hoisting systems) that do not use the engine room, or at least create an alternative to them.

Disclosure of invention

To achieve the claimed technical result, a lifting system has been developed, which includes a shaft, in which a recess is provided from below and an elevation from above, a lift cabin, which is installed with the possibility of vertical movement in the shaft, at least one guide roller that is installed on the cabin, a rope, on which, by means of a guide roller, a cabin is suspended, a drive motor, which is placed in the shaft and connected to the cabin by a rope. The guide roller has a diameter of less than 120 mm and is at least partially located in the vertical projection area of the cab. The sum of the depth of the recess from below and the height of elevation from above is greater than the height of the cabin by no more than 1.4 meters. The engine may be located outside the trajectory of the cab or its vertical projection. The system may contain two guide rollers, which are made with the possibility of pulling the rope above or below the cab. The system may comprise a traction sheave with a diameter of less than 120 mm connected to a drive motor. The rope in this case is mounted on the traction sheave. The engine may be elongated. The engine can also be made in the form of a gearless type motor. The ends of the rope can be fixed at the top of the shaft. The system can have a counterweight and guide rails, and the cab and / or counterweight can move along the named guide rails, and at least one end of the above cable can be directly or indirectly attached to one or more rail guides. The engine can be installed in the area of the upper part of the shaft.

The engine can also be installed on at least one of the guide rails, and the cab and / or counterweight can be installed moving along these rails.

The sum of the depth of the recess from below and the height of the elevation from above may exceed the cabin height by no more than 1 meter. The sum of the depth of the recess from below and the height of the elevation from above may exceed the cabin height by no more than 0.7 meters.

The rope may contain at least one flat belt.

The counterweight can be connected to the rope by means of a guide roller, while the diameter of the guide roller can be less than 120 mm.

According to one particular embodiment of the invention, the system may comprise a counterweight, a pair of guiding counterweight rails, wherein the distance between these rails is at least a depth of the cabin minus 0.2 meters, and the depth of the cabin is in the range from 1 to 1.6 meters .

To achieve a technical result, a variant of the lifting system was developed, which includes a pair of guide rails, a lift cabin, a counterweight, a common rope on which the cabin and a counterweight are suspended, while the counterweight is capable of vertical movement along two guide rails, while the distance between the guide rails equal to at least the depth of the cabin minus 0.2 meters, while the depth of the cabin is from 1 to 1.6 meters.

Thus, one of ordinary skill in the art should understand that, in accordance with the present invention, there is provided a design of the elevator car that has very low requirements regarding the elevation of the shaft height over the elevation of the car, both in the lowered and raised position. (Quantitatively, this requirement is expressed as the amount by which the sum of the depth of the recess from below and the height of the elevation from above exceeds the height of the cab.) This advantage is achieved through the use of a guide roller (s) of very small diameter. Its value is less than 120 mm, but in reality, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention is 100 mm. Due to this, the total value of the depth of the recess from below and the height of the elevation from above is as small as possible, the cost of constructing a new or reconstructing an existing building, which is required when placing this lifting system in it, is reduced. This is due to a certain limitation that this system imposes on the building structure, which provides advantages when installing it in both new and existing buildings that are subject to reconstruction. Of course, in each particular case, within the scope of the task of ensuring a small overall mine height, it is especially desirable to minimize the spaces allotted for deepening from below or for elevation from above. To a certain extent, one can be reduced at the expense of the other. For example, when hanging the cab on a rope from below, it is possible to reduce the elevation from above, while to minimize the recess from below, it is necessary to place the rope above the cab. It should be borne in mind that the real choice can be determined by other factors.

The meaning of concepts such as a recess from below, elevation from above, and cabin height are well known to those skilled in the art. However, in order to avoid any discrepancies, their definitions are given below. The bottom recess is the vertical distance between the floor of the lowest landing site and the bottom of the shaft. The indicated value is usually determined by the design of the lower part of the cab, shock absorber buffers, safety heel, as well as the permissible value of the cab exit beyond its trajectory. The elevation from above is the vertical distance between the floor of the upper landing site and the ceiling of the shaft. Thus, this space should, at a minimum, include the height of the cabin, taking into account the design of its roof. Cabin height is the internal distance between its floor and ceiling.

If a specialist in this field would approach the solution of this problem in the usual way, he would try to minimize the shaft height either by removing the guide rollers using the rope suspension scheme according to the 1: 1 scheme (when the end of the rope is fixed directly to the cab), or by placing them outside the vertical projection of the cabin so that they can at least partially get to the level of the cabin vertically. The applicant, however, came to the conclusion that the vertical height can actually be reduced by taking advantage of the 2: 1 suspension scheme by placing the guide roller (s) in the vertical projection area of the cab. This ensures a more balanced load, and also reduces the cross-sectional area required for the mine, which also leads to a reduction in construction or reconstruction costs. In accordance with this invention, the guide roller (s) is at least partially (and preferably completely) located (located) within the vertical projection of the cab.

It is desirable to place the engine between the shaft wall and the elevator car. This provides an additional reduction in the vertical dimensions of the shaft. Only one guide roller may be used, mounted, for example, in the center of the upper or lower part of the cab, but it is preferable to use two guide rollers.

In a preferred embodiment, the load-lifting system is a friction drive system in which the weight of the elevator car is balanced by a counterweight, and the car itself is vertically moved by a cable driven by a traction sheave connected to the engine. It is desirable that the diameter of the traction sheave is less than 120 mm, the preferred value is 100 mm or less. This allows you to optimize the use of the shaft space by reducing the space required to accommodate the traction pulley. This also reduces the requirements for engine torque, which, in turn, allows the use of a smaller engine.

In order for the rope to be able to wrap around small diameter rollers used in accordance with the present invention, it must have a sufficiently small bending radius. The rope may consist of cables of small diameter, however, it is more preferable if it is at least one flat belt, consisting of many parallel cords embedded in it.

In accordance with the present invention, the total value of the depth of the bottom from the bottom and the height of the top above may exceed the cabin height by no more than 1.4 meters, preferably not more than 1.2 m, more preferably not more than 1 m, more preferably not more than 0.8 m, most preferably not more than 0.7 m

Any suitable hoisting motor may be used to implement the present invention, however, preference should be given to an extended motor, i.e. elongated in the direction of the axis of rotation. Most preferred is the use of a gearless motor.

In accordance with the present invention, it is possible to use several configurations of the location of the rope, including its suspension from the bottom or top of the cab. The ends of the rope are preferably fixed in the upper part of the shaft. They can be embedded in the wall or roof of the shaft or in any other suitable design, however, it is preferable to fasten the ends of the rope to the guide rails (directly or indirectly), which provide vertical movement of the cab and (or) counterweight. For example, at least one of the ends can be attached to the engine frame mounted on the guide rails of those mentioned above. With such an organization, all the efforts of the elevator fall on the rails, which also reduces the cost of the building, since in this case it will not be necessary to specifically strengthen the walls and roof of the shaft.

The engine can be installed in any convenient place of the shaft outside the projection of the elevator car, however, in order to reduce the required length of the rope, it is desirable to place it in the area of the upper part of the shaft. The engine can be mounted on the wall or cover of the shaft, as well as on any other suitable design. It is preferable to fasten it to one or more rails, which direct the movement of the cabin and (or) the counterweight. As already explained above, this allows you to transfer all the significant load on the guide rail (or rails) and thereby reduce the requirements for the surrounding building.

The invention also shows the possibility that by reducing the height of the counterweight, the overall shaft height can also be reduced. In other words, the total height of the shaft in some cases cannot be reduced without shortening the counterweight. Of course, one entails the other, and the shorter the counterweight, the less it will weigh. This means that in order to maintain the necessary balance between the cabin and the counterweight, it will be necessary to use a material with a higher density, such as lead. This is not desirable, as it will lead to an increase in cost, and in the case of lead, it will also not comply with environmental conditions.

To reduce the impact of the aforementioned disadvantages, the invention proposes two measures. The first includes the use of a roller with a small diameter, for example less than 120 mm, on the counterweight. Since the roller affects the height of the counterweight, reducing its diameter can accordingly increase the height of the counterweight and, as a consequence, its weight. Secondly, the invention discloses the advantages that the counterweight of the counterweight retains while reducing its height by increasing the width and, accordingly, spacing the guide rails between which it moves. In a typical load-lifting system, with a cab depth (front to back) of 1.4 m, a cab width (wall to wall) of 1.1 m and a counterweight placed on one of the two sides, its guide rails can be spaced no more than 0.8 meter. This limitation is due to the fact that in a similar typical system on the same side as the counterweight, the lift controller and drive are located.

In accordance with some preferred embodiments of the present invention, for which the cabin height ranges from 1 to 1.6 meters, the load-lifting system uses two guide rails for counterweight, and said guide rails are spaced no less than the cabin depth minus 0 ,2 meters.

This in itself provides novelty and inventive step, while in accordance with another aspect, the present invention provides a load-lifting system comprising a lift cabin ranging in width from 1 to 1.6 meters and a counterweight that are suspended from a common rope. Moreover, in this system, the vertical movement of the counterweight is ensured by two guide rails, which are spaced apart by a distance less than the depth of the cabin minus 0.2 meters.

A brief description of the drawings.

Below, solely by way of example, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the following drawings:

Figure 1 presents a front view of a lifting system in accordance with the present invention;

Figure 2 in a schematic view presents a top view of the shaft, which illustrates the location of the guide rails;

Figure 3 is a General view of the upper and lower parts of the elevator car.

The implementation of the invention.

Figure 1 and Figure 2 shows a lifting system containing a lift cabin 2, which can be vertically moved in the shaft 4. On both sides of the cabin in the shaft 4 are two vertical guide rails 6, 7 of the cabin, which direct the movement of the cabin 2 vertically. In addition, as can be seen from Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, on the left side of the shaft are two guiding rails 8, 9 of the counterweight, which direct the vertical movement of the counterweight located between them. The counterweight 10 is shorter than the standard, which allows you to match its vertical movement with a reduced cabin height in accordance with the described embodiment of the present invention. This is achieved by means of a guide roller 16 mounted on top of the counterweight, the diameter of which is about 100 mm. The counterweight guide rails have a horizontal spacing greater than in known systems, which, in turn, allows the counterweight to be made 10 wider, thereby reducing its height.

As an example, we will consider the case when the spacing between the guide rails of the counterweight is 0.2 m less than the depth of the cabin.

In the upper part of the left guide rail 6 of the cabin and the guide rails 8 and 9 of the counterweight, there is an engine bed 11 on which the engine 12 of the lift is mounted. As it uses an elongated gearless motor used in known devices. The axis of the engine 12 is preferably parallel to the line connecting the two guide rails of the counterweight. Since the engine 12 is mounted on a bed supported by three guide rails 6, 8 and 9, the weight of the engine and the load created by it is transmitted via the guide rails down to the shaft floor and does not extend to the walls 14 or the ceiling 16 of the shaft. A similar arrangement also means that the engine 12 is located in the shaft side by side with the cabin 2, between the cabin 2 and the wall 14. Since the engine is outside the vertical projection of the cabin 2, it does not increase the total weight of the shaft 4. The hoisting rope 18 is shown as three separate belts, but in reality it can consist of several cables of small diameter, or ordinary cables, or represent a combination of them. It is preferable to use several cables of small diameter, or a flat belt (containing, in essence, cables of very small diameter, embedded in the shell), since this provides the best ratio of bending radius to load strength. The rope 18 is fixed at one end of the bed 11 using the so-called blind (anchor) fastening 20, widely used in known devices. The rope 18 runs from top to bottom from the anchor 20 and wraps around a roller 16 located at the top of the counterweight 10. Then it passes up through the traction sheave 24 (see Figure 3), which is mounted on the spindle of the motor 12 (or is part of it) and is driven in motion last. As can be seen from Figure 3, the traction sheave 24 has in this embodiment a very small diameter, for example 100 mm or less.

From the traction sheave 24, the rope 18 is directed downward and encompasses a guide roller 26 mounted on the lower part of the elevator car 2, within its vertical projection. The guide roller 26 also has a very small diameter, of the order of 100 mm. The rope 18 passes under the cab 2 and covers the second guide roller 28, which is identical to the first, and is also located within the vertical projection of the cab. Next, the rope goes up to another anchor connection 30, which is located on the opposite guide rail 7.

The rope configuration discussed above has a 2: 1 ratio. However, as will be appreciated from the consideration of the figures, the use of guide rollers 26 and 28 of a very small diameter reduces the required vertical space under the cab when it is in the lowest position. In other words, the minimum required recess 32 of the shaft is reduced. Similarly, by using the bottom suspension and placing the engine 12 outside the vertical projection of the cab 2, a very small ceiling space (elevation space) 34 is required.

As a numerical example, the cabin height will be considered equal to 2100 mm. In accordance with this invention, the recess can be only 300 mm, and the elevation from above is 2500 mm, giving a total of 2800 mm, which exceeds the height of the cabin by 700 mm or 33%. Further, it will be understood that through the use of two anchor fasteners 20 and 30, as well as the installation of the engine 12 on the guide rails 6, 7, 8, and 9, directly or using a bed, the entire weight of the load-lifting system and its working efforts with the help of guides the rails are transmitted through the recess 32 down, and then, for example, on the foundation of the building. However, these efforts will not affect the walls or ceiling 14, 16 of the mine, and, therefore, they will not need to be specially strengthened.

The above description is essentially illustrative rather than limiting. The person skilled in the art should understand that with respect to the disclosed embodiments, changes and modifications are possible without departing from the scope of the claims of this invention, which is defined in the following claims.

Claims (16)

1. A lifting system, including a shaft (4), in which a recess is provided from below and an elevation from above, a lift cabin (2), which is installed with the possibility of vertical movement in the shaft, at least one guide roller that is installed on the cabin, a rope (18), on which a cabin is suspended by means of a guide roller, a drive motor (12), which is located in the shaft and is connected to the cabin by a rope, while the guide roller has a diameter of less than 120 mm and is at least partially located in the vertical zone a full projection of the cabin, and the sum of the depth of the recess from below and the height of elevation from above is greater than the height of the cabin by no more than 1.4 m. 2. The system according to claim 1, in which the engine (12) is located outside the path of movement of the cabin (2) or its vertical projection. 3. The system according to claim 1 or 2, which contains two guide rollers (26, 28) installed with the possibility of pulling the rope above the cabin (2) or below it. 4. The system according to claim 1, which contains a traction sheave (24) having a diameter of less than 120 mm and connected to a drive motor, while the rope (18) is mounted on the traction sheave (24). 5. The system according to claim 1, in which the engine (12) is made elongated. 6. The system according to claim 1, in which the engine (12) is made in the form of a gearless type motor. 7. The system according to claim 1, in which the ends of the rope (20, 30) are fixed in the upper part of the shaft (4). 8. The system according to claim 1, which contains a counterweight (10) and guide rails (6, 7, 8, 9), while the cabin (2) and / or counterweight (10) are installed with the possibility of vertical movement along the guide rails (6 7, 8, 9), and at least one end (20, 30) of the above rope (18) is directly or indirectly attached to at least one guide rail (6, 7, 8, 9). 9. The system according to claim 1, in which the engine (12) is installed in the area of the upper part of the shaft (4). 10. The system of claim 8, in which the engine (12) is mounted on at least one of the guide rails (6, 7, 8, 9), while the cabin (2) and / or the counterweight (10) are movably mounted along the guide rails (6, 7, 8, 9). 11. The system according to claim 1, in which the sum of the depth of the recess from below and the height of the elevation from above exceeds the height of the cabin (2) by no more than 1 m. 12. The system according to claim 1, in which the sum of the depth of the recess from below and the height of the elevation from above exceeds the height of the cabin (12) by no more than 0.7 m. 13. The system according to claim 1, in which the rope (18) contains at least one flat belt. 14. The system according to claim 1, in which the counterweight (10) is connected to the rope (18) by means of a guide roller (16), while the diameter of the guide roller is less than 120 mm. 15. The system according to claim 1, which contains a counterweight (10), a pair of guide rails (8, 9) of the counterweight, while the distance between these rails (8, 9) is equal to at least the depth of the cabin (2) -0, 2 m, while the depth of the cab is in the range from 1 to 1.6 m. 16. A lifting system, including a pair of guide rails (8, 9), a lift cabin (2), a counterweight (10), a common rope (18), on which the cabin and the counterweight are suspended, while the counterweight is mounted with the possibility of vertical movement along two guide rails (8, 9), and the distance between the guide rails is equal to at least the depth of the cabin (2) -0.2 m, and the depth of the cabin is from 1 to 1.6 m.

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