RU2458363C1 - Method for direct search of hydrocarbons - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: physics.

SUBSTANCE: method is realised as follows. At the first step during movement of the geophysical vessel, generation, amplification and weakly directed emission of intense hydroacoustic waves in the frequency range from 1 Hz to 3000 Hz is performed. These waves propagate at a speed defined by elastic properties of the medium and its density and return while being partially absorbed, reflected and scattered. Simultaneously, continuous, weakly directed reception and amplification of the partially reflected and refracted low-frequency hydroacoustic waves is carried out and a low-frequency echo signal F'₁ is obtained in the frequency range 1-3000 Hz. The geologic-geophysical profile is obtained as a result. On the first time interval of the second step of realising the disclosed method, the geophysical vessel moves on the heading on the designated profiles based on results obtained at the first step. Based on a given program, by combining emission and pause intervals, balanced emission of intense hydroacoustic waves at frequency F₂ in a wide frequency band 1-10 Hz or at frequency F₃ in a narrow frequency band 2.5-3.5 Hz is carried out. Simultaneously, generation and linear emission of two low-frequency hydroacoustic pumping signals are carried out at close frequencies ω₁ and ω₂, which interact with each other and are converted to sum and difference frequencies. The low-frequency wave of the difference signal Ω_i=ω₂-ω₁ propagates at considerable distances at a speed defined by elastic properties of the medium and density thereof. Simultaneously, generation, amplification, conversion and directed emission of low-frequency hydroacoustic waves at frequency ω₃ are carried out, through which a precipitation layer and a layer of sound scatterers over the hydrocarbon deposit are located. In the low-frequency receiving GAS, the low-frequency echo signal F'₂ in a wide frequency band 1-10 Hz or the low-frequency echo signal F₃ in a narrow frequency band 2.5-3.5 Hz are transmitted to the corresponding computer input and changes in the integral levels of the narrow and relatively wide frequency band are obtained. Simultaneously, reception, amplification, filtration and accumulation of corresponding low-frequency echo signals Ω'_i are carried out in a linear channel for receiving low-frequency waves of the echo signals of the difference frequency wave; said signals are then transmitted tot he corresponding computer input. Simultaneously, reception and pre-amplification of high-frequency echo signals ω'_3i is carried out in the linear channel for receiving high-frequency echo signals ω'₃; highly directed reception and amplification of high-frequency acoustic modulation frequencies: ω₄±Ω_i and ω₄±f_i are carried out in the acoustic path channel for non-linear reception of low-frequency echo signals, and low-frequency useful signals are then extracted from the high-frequency acoustic modulation frequencies and then transmitted to the corresponding computer input; directed reception and amplification of high-frequency electromagnetic modulation frequencies: ω₄±Ω_i and ω₄±f_i are carried out in the electromagnetic path channel for non-linear reception of low-frequency echo signals, and low-frequency useful signals are then extracted therefrom and transmitted to the corresponding computer input; reception, amplification, filtration and integration of low-frequency useful signals Ω_i and f_i, which are then transmitted to the corresponding computer input, are carried out in the path for linear reception of low-frequency signals, where processing of all information is carried out and oil-and-gas content of hydrocarbon reservoirs on the hydrocarbon deposit is determined.

EFFECT: efficient, highly reliable search and recognition of hydrocarbon deposits on a large area with minimum financial and time expenses, while ensuring navigation safety of the vessel and environmental safety for marine life and the environment overall.

12 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of physics and can be used for direct geophysical prospecting and exploration of a hydrocarbon field (HC): oil, gas, etc .; when searching for fishing gear - lost, abandoned or poached with fishing objects located in them (fish, invertebrates, etc.) - in the interests of rational nature management; in the study of the geological, hydrophysical and acoustic characteristics of the geological environment (geomedium) and the hydrosphere above it, in the interest of studying the oceans and others.

There is a method of searching for hydrocarbon deposits, which consists in the formation and periodic (~ 6 s) non-directional emission of acoustic waves in the frequency range from 5 to 2000 Hz using several pneumatic emitters (PI), which are interconnected into a group and towed behind a research vessel (NIS) at a depth of 5-50 m with a constant speed of 5-7 km / h (3-4 knots) along the profile line, the propagation of an acoustic wave from a radiation point radially with a speed determined by the elastic properties of the medium and its density, partial reflection and hour the refraction of an acoustic wave at the interface between media with other elastic properties, the reception of partially reflected and partially refracted acoustic waves with the help of several - at least six, multichannel flexible extended - at least 3 km long, receiving systems - seismicos (SSC) with a signal transmission band from 5 Hz (at best) to 2 kHz and a dynamic range of at least 120 dB, towed behind the NIS parallel to each other, digitally processing and recording received seismoacoustic information, establishing (knowing the speed of the propagation of acoustic waves in various rocks and the transit time of an acoustic wave from PI) rocks and their depths in the exploration area / Aki K., Richards P. - Quantitative seismology. Theory and methods. - M .: Mir, vol. 1, 1983 /.

The disadvantages of this method include:

1. Low reliability of the information obtained due to the use of non-directional emitters with time-discrete signal emissions.

2. Low reliability due to the need to use a synchronization system to ensure the operation of the PI group, and its use does not guarantee accurate control of the total wave field, because in any case, soil parameters affecting the nature of seismic waves cannot be taken into account.

3. The low reliability of the information obtained due to the use of discrete in space receiving antennas with a relatively low directivity and relatively narrow: from 5 Hz (at best) to 2000 Hz operating frequency range.

4. Low reliability due to the difficulty in interpreting the results, because measurements are indirect and carry information only about the geological structure of the section, in which the presence of hydrocarbon deposits is only possible.

5. Low reliability due to the inability to detect the intrinsic emissions of the hydrocarbon deposits located in the frequency range below 5 Hz, because the lower cut-off frequency of the receiving path is, at best, 5 Hz.

6. Low reliability due to the impossibility of detecting induced emissions of the hydrocarbon deposits, which are a response to external elastic impact, because the lower boundary receiving frequency is, at best, 5 Hz.

7. The low reliability of the method when towing several SSK due to the possible deviation of the NIS from the course, overlap SSK, etc.

8. High financial and time costs comparable to drilling.

9. Limited scope - due to the inability to use with developed (more than 4-5 points) sea waves, etc.

There is a method of searching for hydrocarbon deposits, which consists in installing at the bottom of the sea: on a given grid or on a selected profile, based on previously obtained 2D (3D) seismic data, several - at least two, deep-sea bottom acoustic stations (GDS), registration by means a three-channel seismic sensor for several (at least two) hours of the Earth’s natural microseismic background - outside the HC-deposit contour and intrinsic microseismic emissions of the HC-deposit - inside the HC-deposit contour in the infrasonic frequency range (ED) of frequencies, rising to the surface of the sea GDAS, the primary processing of microseismic information (levels and shapes of the spectra of signals and noise, their dispersion, etc.), the calculation of a combination of informative parameters (the entropy of the microseismic background in the circuit and beyond, etc.), the final processing of information and interpretation of the results with the establishment of the fact of the presence of hydrocarbon deposits in the exploration area and its type: oil, gas, etc. Seismoacoustic studies of the oceans. - Collection of scientific papers NIPIokeangeofizika. - Gelendzhik, 1986, pp. 11-13 /.

The disadvantages of this method include:

1. The need for the presence of wells with known productivity on the studied areas, because the level of microseismic vibrations near these wells is used as a threshold.

2. Low productivity (up to 2-3 days at one measurement point), due to the need to take into account the daily natural changes in the levels (rhythms) of the microseismic field of the Earth.

3. Low productivity associated with the time spent on: setting GDAS, search and rise to the sea surface at each measurement point.

4. Lack of reliability due to the influence of daily natural rhythms of the level of the microseismic field of the Earth with sufficiently long measurements in one region.

5. Insufficient noise immunity due to the significant influence of man-made interference during long-term (2-3 days) observations in one spatial point.

6. Limited scope due to the impossibility of use (formulation and sampling) with developed sea waves, etc.

7. The low reliability of the method due to the possible losses GDAS, etc.

There is also a known method of searching for hydrocarbons, which consists of installing at the bottom of the sea: on a given grid or on a selected profile, the GDAS, directed to the reception of a low-frequency (LF) acoustic wave, including a microseismic one, including the formation in the working area of the GDAS receiver of a higher-frequency (HF) acoustic or electromagnetic waves in a parametric receiving antenna (PAP) using the appropriate RF emitter, directed - due to the wave size of the RF receiver and the frequency of the RF pump signal, the reception of the RF amplitude-frequency (phase) modulated signals generated as a result of nonlinear interaction in a heterogeneous medium: containing various phase inclusions, the medium, as well as their subsequent demodulation in a special electronic unit, extracting a useful signal from the high-frequency pump signal, raising the HDAS to the sea surface, and primary and secondary processing of low-frequency signals, as well as the interpretation of the results with the establishment of the fact of the presence of hydrocarbons / Bakharev S.A., Korochentsev V.I., Mironenko M.V. and others. - A method of receiving an elastic wave in sea water (options). - RF patent No. 2158029, application No. 98122520 dated 12/15/1998 /.

The disadvantages of this method include:

1. Lower sensitivity, which makes it difficult to detect hydrocarbon deposits at a large (more than 5 km) depth.

2. The need for the presence of well-known productivity in the studied areas.

3. Low productivity due to the need to take into account the daily natural rhythms of the level of the microseismic field of the Earth.

4. Low productivity associated with the time spent on: setting GDAS, search and rise to the sea surface at each measurement point.

5. Lack of reliability due to the influence of daily natural rhythms of the level of the microseismic field of the Earth with sufficiently long measurements in one region.

6. Insufficient noise immunity due to the significant influence of technogenic interference during long-term observations at one point.

7. Limited scope due to the impossibility of use (formulation and sampling) with developed sea waves, etc.

8. The low reliability of the method due to the possible loss of GDAS, etc.

There is a method of searching for hydrocarbon deposits, which consists in installing on the bottom of the sea: on a given grid or on a selected profile, based on previously obtained 2D (3D) seismic data, one or more GPS, registration by means of a three-channel seismic sensor of the corresponding GPS for several - not less than two hours, both before and after external excitation using an additional emitter of seismic vibrations, the natural microseismic background of the Earth - outside the contour of the hydrocarbon deposits and the induced microseismic radiation of the hydrocarbons due lie inside the contour of the hydrocarbon deposits in the frequency EDM, the rise to the sea surface of the GPS, the primary processing of microseismic information (levels and spectra of the induced signals, ambient noise, etc.), the calculation of a combination of informative parameters (the area under the curve of the mutual spectrum of the same name components when recording seismic after excitation of seismic vibrations compared to recording before excitation), the final processing of information and interpretation of the results with the establishment of the fact of the presence of hydrocarbon deposits on the area di intelligence and its type: oil, gas, etc. / Arutyunov S.L., Lozhkarev G.L., Grafiv B.M. et al., 1996. The method of vibroseismic exploration in the search for oil and gas fields. - RF patent No. 2045079, application 1992 /.

The disadvantages of this method include:

1. Lack of reliability due to the influence of daily natural rhythms of the level of the microseismic field of the Earth with sufficiently long measurements in one region.

2. Low productivity (up to 2-3 days at one measurement point), due to the need to take into account the daily natural rhythms of the level of the microseismic field of the Earth.

3. Low productivity associated with the time spent on: setting GDAS, search and rise to the sea surface at each measurement point.

4. High dependence on technogenic interference (short-range and long-distance shipping noise, etc.), due to the need for long-term (up to 2-3 days) observations at one point.

5. Limited scope due to the inability to use (formulation and sampling) with developed sea waves, etc.

6. The low reliability of the method due to the possible losses of GDAS, etc.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed method relates to the method selected as a prototype method, direct search for hydrocarbons, which consists in the formation, continuous and weakly directed - tens of degrees spaced in space and overlapping in area, radiation: using spatially continuous emitting towed behind the vessel antenna (BPNIA) intense - with the amplitude of the acoustic pressure October ⁶ -5 × 10 ⁶ Pa at 1 m hydroacoustic waves in the frequency range from 1 Hz to 3000 Hz - for at depths of locating geomedium up to 10 km; using a hydroacoustic emitter installed on the bottom of the PFFS hull — less intense — with an acoustic pressure amplitude of 5 × 10 ⁵ -10 ⁶ Pa at a distance of 1 m from the sonar emitter in the frequency range from 1 Hz to 3000 Hz - to locate the geomedium to a depth up to 5 km and a layer of precipitation over the hydrocarbon deposit; using multi-frequency - at least three frequencies emitting active hydroacoustic aids (AGAS) antennas installed on the PGFS body and on the bodies of two remote-controlled unmanned underwater vehicles (TNLA) moving parallel to the PGFS and at a specified distance from it, radiation of even less intense acoustic waves in the frequency range above 3 kHz with an acoustic pressure amplitude of 5 × 10 ⁴ -10 ⁵ Pa at a distance of 1 m from the emitter - for locating the sediment layer and the water space above the hydrocarbon deposit; the propagation of acoustic waves of various frequencies and intensities from spatially separated radiation points in the direction of the bottom at a speed determined by the elastic properties of the medium and its density; partial reflection and partial refraction of acoustic waves at the interface between media with other elastic properties; Spaced and overlapping in area and spatially continuous reception in the frequency range from 1 Hz to 3 kHz of partially reflected and partially refracted acoustic waves with the help of: a spatially continuous receiving antenna towed behind a PHFS and an extended antenna mounted on the side parts of the PGFS housing; processing and recording the information received, establishing (knowing the propagation speed of acoustic waves in different rocks: with different mineral composition and structure and the time of passage of the acoustic wave from the emitter) coordinates and the occurrence depth of characteristic rocks - collectors (traps) on the exploration area; receiving own HC radiation over the HC pool, using: several - at least 4 HDAS with passive hydroacoustic means (PGAS) operating in linear and nonlinear (parametric) modes in the frequency range from fractions of Hz to 3 kHz installed by the grid at the bottom of the sea or along the profile at a distance from each other, providing mutual overlap of the observation zones; an extended antenna located on the side of the hull of the PFS; a receiving antenna located along the entire contour of the nasal tip of the PHFS; several - not less than two, PHAS installed on the corresponding TNLA, moving parallel to the movement of PHFS and at a distance from each other, providing mutual overlap of all observation zones, receiving echo signals reflected from inhomogeneities of the aquatic environment and the bottom of the sea above the hydrocarbon pool in a linear and non-linear modes in the frequency range up to 3 kHz, using: several - at least two, PHAS installed on the corresponding TNLA; primary processing: levels and forms of the spectra of intrinsic microseismic noise emissions of hydrocarbons, secondary processing: entropy of intrinsic microseismic noise emissions of hydrocarbons in the circuit and beyond, final processing of the received information and interpretation of the results with the establishment of the fact of the presence of hydrocarbon deposits on the exploration area and its type: oil gas etc. / Bakharev S.A. A method of searching for mineral deposits using an underwater geophysical vessel. - FIPS decision on the grant of a patent of the Russian Federation for inventions of March 11, 2011, according to application No. 201001192 of January 11, 2010 /.

The disadvantages of the prototype method include:

1. Difficulty in implementation.

2. Low sonar compatibility.

4. Insufficient (~ 80%) reliability of the information received.

5. Lack of reliability in the detection of hydrocarbon deposits located at great depths along a vertical geological section.

6. Lack of reliability due to the impossibility of detecting induced HC emissions, which are a response to an external elastic effect.

7. Low reliability of the method when towing several antennas and TNLA.

8. High financial costs for the development, construction, maintenance (the need for a special pier, etc.) and the operation of PFS.

9. Insufficient environmental safety for marine biological objects (MBO) and the environment (OPS) in general.

10. Inadequate navigational safety for PFFS, etc.

The problem that is solved by the invention is to develop a method free from the above disadvantages.

The technical result of the proposed method is effective: with high productivity, high reliability, etc., search and recognition: oil, gas or other, hydrocarbon deposits on a large area with minimal financial and time costs, ensuring navigation safety for a geophysical vessel (GFS) ) and environmental safety for the IBO and the FSA in general.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the known method of direct search for hydrocarbons, which consists in the formation of continuous and weakly directed - tens of degrees, intense radiation with BPNIA - with an amplitude of acoustic pressure of 10 ⁶ -5 × 10 ⁶ Pa at a distance of 1 m, sonar waves in the range frequencies from 1 Hz to 3000 Hz (for locating the geological environment to a depth of 10 km), in the formation, continuous and directional - several tens of degrees, radiation using multi-frequency - at least three, marine hydroacoustic emitting antennas (SGAIA) combined (combining of linear and nonlinear modes formation location signals) of the active sonar means (Cagas) in the frequency range of 3 kHz and above less intense - with the amplitude of the acoustic pressure of 5 × 10 ⁴ to 10 ⁵ Pa at a distance of 1 m, more HF hydroacoustic waves (for locating the sediment layer and the water space above the hydrocarbon pool), the propagation of intense hydroacoustic waves in the direction of the bottom at a speed determined by the elastic properties of the medium and its density, partial reflection and partial the refraction of these hydroacoustic waves at the interface between media with other elastic properties and the continuous reception of partially reflected and partially refracted these hydroacoustic waves using BPNPA, the propagation of less intense and more high-frequency hydroacoustic waves in the direction of the sediment layer and body of water over the hydrocarbon pool at a speed determined by the elastic properties of the medium and its density, nonlinear interaction of two of three more HF sonar waves with each other with the formation of a sonar LF wave once of the remaining frequency (VLF), partial reflection of the initial HF and LF VLF from inhomogeneities of the aquatic environment and from the interface between the two media: the water-bottom above the HC-deposit and continuous highly directional - units of degrees, the reception of partially reflected these hydroacoustic waves using ship hydroacoustic a receiving antenna (SGPA) of a combined (combining linear and non-linear processing modes of received hydro-acoustic signals) passive hydro-acoustic means (KPGAS) simultaneously in linear and non-linear modes of its operation, processing and recording the information received, establishing (knowing the propagation velocity of hydroacoustic waves in different rocks: with different mineral composition and structure and the transit time of the hydroacoustic wave from the emitter) coordinates and depths of characteristic geological and geophysical structures - reservoirs, which are potential hydrocarbon traps, on the area reconnaissance, receiving own microseismic noise emission of hydrocarbons (SMSSI HC) over some of the characteristic geological and geophysical structures (collectors), using Using: a few - at least 4 GDAS, installed by a given grid at the bottom of the sea or along a given profile at a distance from each other, providing mutual overlap of the observation zones, primary processing: measuring levels and spectra of airborne mass pollution waves inside the circuit, as well as the levels of this outside the contour, secondary processing: calculating the entropy of the SMSSI HC in the circuit and beyond, final processing of the obtained information and interpretation of the obtained results with the establishment of the fact of the presence of hydrocarbon deposits on the exploration area and type of deposit: oil gas, etc., is characterized in that the coordinates and depths of the reservoirs (corresponding geological and geophysical structures) are determined at the first stage of the method implementation, and the reception of signals from the airborne mass waves and airborne mass waves in a narrow frequency band 2.5-3, 5 Hz, as well as the signals of the SMSS and NMSS of the UV collectors in a wide frequency band of 1-10 Hz, above them - at the second stage of the method implementation, while instead of (expensive in the development, construction, maintenance and operation) of the PFPS, a standard geophysical vessel is used for 2D seismic work on which several - at least four, small-sized and tipping-resistant floating aids (MPS) with a loading capacity of at least 500 kg, providing individual setting-sampling at the corresponding measuring point for measuring each of the 4 DGASs are placed separately, with each of the DGASs being put to the bottom in free fall mode, and each of the GDAS rises to the sea surface on a command in free ascent mode (due to additional buoyancy, additional anchor, the necessary reserve of the halyard and the castle, automatically which is covered when receiving a coded hydroacoustic control signal emitted in the frequency range above 3 kHz at a predetermined time from the board of the corresponding ICM using a small-sized hydroacoustic emitter immersed in water), while at the first stage, partially scattered intense hydroacoustic waves are additionally received using SGPA KPGAS, at In this case, the SSPA is not installed on the ship’s hull, but on a streamlined body rigidly fixed and towed next to the ship (which can be easily dismantled or reinstalled updated at a given location in the ship’s hull without special docking), and the SAGIA KAGAS is also mounted on a second body that is rigidly fixed and towed next to the vessel, while in the second stage they emit instead of intense sonar waves in the frequency range 1-3000 Hz sequentially combining the intervals of radiation and pauses, intense sonar waves in the frequency range close to the resonant frequency of the hydrocarbon deposits in the frequency band 2.5-3.5 Hz, as well as at frequencies close to the resonant frequency of the collector (its pore, cores and cracks) hydrocarbon deposits in the frequency band of 1-10 Hz, additionally form and emit in the direction of the bottom in the CPGAS, and also receive electromagnetic waves (EM) pumped back from the bottom and scattered by the bottom inhomogeneities of the aquatic environment in the frequency range above 3 kHz with an amplitude equivalent to the amplitude of the acoustic pressure of 5 × 10 ² to 10 ⁴ Pa, using a radiating antenna and receiving electromagnetic waves, mounted on and rigidly secured towed near GFS flow body, with the most expedient that the distances Between BPNIA and GDAS, as well as between neighboring GDAS, should be in the range from one and a half (~ 750 m) to two and a half (~ 1500 m) wavelengths and from half (~ 250 m) to one and a half (~ 750 m) lengths NWMS wave shock waves, while the recording time of HSS signal HC and signals of stimulated (induced) microseismic noise emission (HSSM) HC using the GDAS before and after exposure to intense hydroacoustic waves both inside and outside the circuit should be at least 30 minutes, the duration of the excitations of the HC and collectors must be at least m for 30 sec, the time for recording the results of the excitations is at least 3 minutes after the end of each excitation of the hydrocarbon and the collector, while additionally, before and after excitation by intense hydroacoustic waves, inside and outside the circuit, including when the vessel is moving at a speed 3.5-4 nodes (6.5-7.4 km / h) use: the shape of the spectrum of narrow (2.5-3.5 Hz) and relatively wide (1-10 Hz) frequency bands, the shape of the spectrum of HF modulation frequencies acoustic and electromagnetic origin, signal to noise ratio (C / P) in narrow and relative but of wide frequency bands, discrete and continuous in time changes in the integral levels of a narrow and relatively wide frequency bands, as well as HF modulation frequencies of acoustic and electromagnetic origin, the area under the mutual spectrum curve of the components of the same name when registering NMSA signals and NMSA signals, as well as combinations these signs with previously established weights.

Figure 1-figure 5 presents a structural diagram of a device that implements the developed direct method of searching for hydrocarbons. At the same time: figure 1 illustrates the structural diagram from the point of view of the general principle of implementation of the developed method; figure 2 illustrates a structural diagram mainly from the point of view of radiation and reception of signals; figure 3 illustrates a structural diagram mainly to KAGAS; figure 4 illustrates a structural diagram mainly to KAGIS; figure 5 illustrates a structural diagram mainly to a conductor system (PS); figure 6 illustrates a structural diagram mainly to GDS.

In Fig.7 - Fig.11 illustrates the test results of the developed method of direct search for hydrocarbons. In this case, Fig. 7, for example, illustrates a typical geological and geophysical section, by which you can set the coordinates and depth of the reservoir; Fig. 8, for example, illustrates the spectrograms of the signals of the SSSI HC: oil reservoir (curve No. 1 — dots), gas reservoir (curve No. 2 — short dashed lines), gas condensate reservoir (curve No. 3 — solid line), and interference (line No. 4 - long dashed lines); Fig. 9, for example, illustrates typical spectrograms: a high-frequency acoustic pump signal at a frequency of 16 kHz in the absence of a CMSI HC (curve No. 2) and in the presence of a CMSI HC under HFS, as well as acoustic noise in the frequency range from 1 Hz to 3 kHz ; figure 10, for example, illustrates typical changes in the amplitudes along the profile over the hydrocarbon deposit: the low-frequency signal of the SMMSI HC (curve No. 1 is a wavy solid line), the high-frequency signal of a difference frequency of 15.997 kHz (curve No. 2 is a solid, strongly rugged line), HF acoustic pump signal 16 kHz (curve No. 3 - short dashed lines), LF interference (curve No. 4 - long dashed lines); 11 and 12 illustrate sonograms of the LF signal of 28.5 Hz when using the HF acoustic pump signal 16 kHz and HF electromagnetic (with close to acoustic parameters) pump signal 16 kHz, respectively.

, в широкой полосе частот 1-10 - СМШИ коллектора f₂ и ВМШИ коллектора

; НЧ зондирующие сигналы для лоцирования (возбуждения) различных объектов: геолого-геофизических структур - в диапазоне частот 1-3000 Гц F₁, коллектора - в широкой полосе частот 1-10 Гц F₂ и УВ - в узкой полосе частот 2,5-3,5 Гц F₃, также соответствующие им НЧ эхо-сигналы:

,

и

; НЧ ВРЧ Ω_i=ω₂-ω₁ для лоцирования различных объектов: Ω₁ - УВ в узкой полосе частот 2,5-3,5 Гц, Ω₂ - коллектора в широкой полосе частот 1-10 Гц, Ω₃ - слоя осадков над УВ-залежью в широком диапазоне частот 1-3000 Гц, Ω₄ - слоя ПДЗРС над УВ-залежью в широком диапазоне частот 1-3000 Гц, а также соответствующие им НЧ эхо-сигналы

,

- отраженных от УВ,

- отраженных от коллектора,

- отраженных от слоя осадков над УВ-залежью,

- отраженных от слоя ПДЗРС над УВ-залежью; ВЧ акустических сигналов накачки на близких частотах ω₁ и ω₂, для формирования в нелинейной среде НЧ ВРЧ Ω_i; ВЧ акустический сигнал ω₃ для лоцирования слоя осадков над УВ-залежью и слоя ПДЗРС над УВ-залежью, а также его ВЧ эхо-сигнал

; ВЧ акустический сигнал накачки ω₄ для обеспечения работы акустического тракта нелинейного приема НЧ сигналов; ВЧ электромагнитный сигнал накачки ω₄ для обеспечения работы электромагнитного тракта нелинейного приема НЧ сигналов; ВЧ волны акустических комбинационных частот: ω₄±Ω_i, ω₄±f_i; ВЧ волны комбинационных частот: ВЧ электромагнитных и НЧ акустических: ω_эм±Ω_i, ω_эм±f_i.At the same time, the following conventions for the signals were selected: LF signals in a narrow frequency band 2.5-3.5 Hz - SMMS UV f ₁ and VMSS MV

, in a wide band of frequencies 1-10 - collectors SMMSH f ₂ and collectors

; LF sounding signals for locating (exciting) various objects: geological and geophysical structures - in the frequency range 1-3000 Hz F ₁ , collector - in a wide frequency band 1-10 Hz F ₂ and HC - in a narrow frequency band 2.5-3 , 5 Hz F ₃ , also the corresponding LF echo signals:

,

and

; LF VChF Ω _i = ω ₂ -ω ₁ for locating various objects: Ω ₁ - HC in a narrow frequency band of 2.5-3.5 Hz, Ω ₂ - collector in a wide frequency band of 1-10 Hz, Ω ₃ - sediment layer over a hydrocarbon pool in a wide frequency range of 1-3000 Hz, Ω ₄ - a layer of remote sensing system over a hydrocarbon pool in a wide frequency range of 1-3000 Hz, as well as the corresponding low frequency echo signals

,

- reflected from HC,

- reflected from the collector,

- reflected from the sediment layer above the hydrocarbon pool,

- reflected from the PDZRS layer above the hydrocarbon deposit; HF acoustic pump signals at close frequencies ω ₁ and ω ₂ , for the formation in the nonlinear medium LF HF RF Ω _i ; HF acoustic signal ω ₃ for locating the sediment layer above the hydrocarbon pool and the remote sensing layer above the hydrocarbon pool, as well as its RF echo

; HF acoustic pump signal ω ₄ to ensure the acoustic path of non-linear reception of low-frequency signals; RF electromagnetic pump signal ω ₄ to ensure the operation of the electromagnetic path of nonlinear reception of low-frequency signals; HF waves of acoustic Raman frequencies: ω ₄ ± Ω _i , ω ₄ ± f _i ; HF waves of combination frequencies: HF electromagnetic and LF acoustic: ω _em ± Ω _i , ω _em ± f _i .

The device contains (FIG. 1 - FIG. 5): hydrocarbon deposit (1) —search object located on the productive horizon above and below the rocks with various geological and geophysical properties, in the upper part of the outer horizon, on top of each other are: sedimentary layer ( bottom) and the bottom sound-diffusing layer (LRS): gas bubbles dissolved and not dissolved in water, waste products, etc. At the same time, HFS (2) is constantly in the near-surface air defense system (LRS): air bubbles formed as a result of wind waves, vital products M BO and others, contains: a hoisting device (3) and KIK (4). At the same time, several (at least four) MPSs (5) are located on the gas service station (2), each of which, in turn, has one GDS (6), one substation (7) and one small-sized lifting device (8) ) At the same time, it is rigid to the hull of the hfs (2): on the first (9) and second (10) mounts - falling out over the edges of the hull, and then firmly fixed rods, the first (11) and second (12) are fixed below the keel of the hfs (2) well streamlined bodies (bulbs), and behind the stern of the HFS (2), with the help of the first (13) and second (14) winches, as well as the first (15) and second (16) cable ropes, the BPNIA (17) and BPNPA are towed (18), respectively, placed in the first (19) and second (20) gently (on a cable cable) towed streamlined bodies, respectively.

In turn, the KIK (4) contains: LF - in the frequency range below 3 kHz, emitting a HAS (21), the output of which is connected to the BPNIA (17) located in the first softly towed streamlined body (19) through the first cable cable (15) ), exposed (selected) using the first winch (13); Low-frequency receiving HAS (22), the input of which is connected via a second cable-rope (16) to the BPNPA (18), located in the second softly towed streamlined body (20), exposed (selectable) using a second winch (14); electronic computing (23) machine (computer); KAGAS (24) with SGIA (48) installed on the first (11) well streamlined body (bulb), and KPGAS (25) with SGPA (54) installed on the second (12) well streamlined body (bulb).

In this case, the low-frequency emitting HAS (21) contains: parallel-connected: the first low-frequency generator (26) of the signals F ₁ in the frequency range 1-3000 Hz, the second generator (27) of the low-frequency signals F ₂ in a wide frequency band 1-10 Hz and the third generator (28) LF signals of F ₃ in a narrow frequency band of 2.5-3.5 Hz. The outputs of the generators: (26), (27) and (28), through the switch (29) of the radiation modes, are serially electrically connected to a low-frequency power amplifier (30) of intense sonar waves at frequencies F ₁ , F ₂ and F ₃ , the first cable a cable (15) placed on the first winch (13) and BPNIA (17) mounted on the first towed streamlined body (19).

,

и

последовательно поступают: в диапазоне частот 1-3000 Гц - на первый интегратор (34) и далее на соответствующий вход ЭВМ (23); в широкой полосе частот 1-10 Гц - на первый широкополосный фильтр (35), второй интегратор (36) и далее на соответствующий вход ЭВМ (23); в узкой полосе частот 2,5-3,5 Гц - на первый узкополосный фильтр (37), третий интегратор (38) и далее на соответствующий вход ЭВМ.At the same time, the LF receiving HAS (22) contains electrically connected: BPNPA (18) mounted on the second towed streamlined body (20), the output of which, by means of a second cable cable (16), placed on the second winch (14), is connected in series with the first preliminary low-frequency amplifier (31), the first band-pass low-pass filter (32) and the first main low-frequency amplifier (33), the outputs of which are parallel to the three corresponding channels of the low-frequency echo signals at frequencies:

,

and

sequentially arrive: in the frequency range 1-3000 Hz - to the first integrator (34) and then to the corresponding computer input (23); in a wide frequency band of 1-10 Hz - to the first broadband filter (35), the second integrator (36) and then to the corresponding computer input (23); in a narrow frequency band 2.5-3.5 Hz - to the first narrow-band filter (37), the third integrator (38) and then to the corresponding input of the computer.

- отраженных от УВ,

- отраженных от коллектора,

- отраженных от слоя осадков над УВ-залежью,

- отраженных от слоя ПДЗРС над УВ-залежью; а также тракт (42) линейного излучения гидроакустических ВЧ сигналов, который, в свою очередь, содержит: канал (43) формирования и линейного излучения гидроакустического ВЧ сигнала на ω₃, канал (44) линейного приема ВЧ эхо-сигналов

, отраженных от слоя осадков над УВ-залежью и от слоя ПДЗРС над УВ-залежью.At the same time, KAGAS (24) contains: a path (39) of nonlinear (parametric) radiation of low-frequency hydroacoustic signals, which, in turn, contains: a channel (40) of formation and non-linear radiation of two hydroacoustic high-frequency signals - in the frequency range above 3 kHz, pump signals at close frequencies ω ₁ and ω ₂ , which in a nonlinear aqueous medium are converted into low-frequency VLF Ω _i , channel (41) of the linear reception of low-frequency echo signals of VLF

- reflected from HC,

- reflected from the collector,

- reflected from the sediment layer above the hydrocarbon pool,

- reflected from the PDZRS layer above the hydrocarbon deposit; as well as a path (42) for the linear emission of hydroacoustic RF signals, which, in turn, contains: a channel (43) for generating and linearly emitting a hydroacoustic RF signal at ω ₃ , a channel (44) for linear reception of RF echo signals

reflected from the sediment layer above the hydrocarbon pool and from the PDZRS layer above the hydrocarbon pool.

содержит последовательно электрически соединенные: первый НЧ гидроакустический приемник (55), являющийся соответствующей частью СГПА (54), второй предварительный НЧ усилитель (56), второй диапазонный НЧ фильтр (57), второй основной НЧ усилитель (58) и четвертый интегратор (59), с выхода которого сигнал подают на соответствующий вход ЭВМ (23). При этом канал (44) линейного приема ВЧ эхо-сигналов

содержит последовательно электрически соединенные: первый ВЧ гидроакустический приемник (60), являющийся соответствующей частью СГПА (54), первый предварительный ВЧ усилитель (61), первый ВЧ диапазонный фильтр (62), первый основной ВЧ усилитель (63) и пятый интегратор (64), с выхода которого сигнал подают на соответствующий вход ЭВМ (23).Moreover, the channel (40) for the formation and nonlinear radiation of two hydroacoustic RF pump signals at close frequencies ω ₁ and ω ₂ in the range above 3 kHz contains: in parallel and in series electrically connected: the first RF generator (45) of the signals ω ₁ , the first RF power amplifier (46) and the first HF sonar emitter (47), which is the corresponding part of the SIA (48); the second high-frequency generator (49) of the signals ω ₂ , the second high-frequency power amplifier (50) and the second high-frequency sonar emitter (51), which is the corresponding part of the SIA (48). In this case, the channel (43) for the formation and linear radiation of the RF hydroacoustic signal at ω ₃ in the range above 3 kHz contains electrically connected in series: the third RF generator (51) of the signals ω ₃ , the third RF power amplifier (52) and the third RF hydroacoustic emitter (53 ), which is the corresponding part of the SIS (48). In this case, the channel (41) of the linear reception of the low frequency echo signals of the RF

contains serially electrically connected: the first low-frequency sonar receiver (55), which is the corresponding part of the SPSA (54), the second preliminary low-pass amplifier (56), the second low-pass filter (57), the second main low-pass amplifier (58) and the fourth integrator (59) , the output of which the signal is fed to the corresponding input of the computer (23). Moreover, the channel (44) linear reception of RF echo signals

contains serially electrically connected: the first high-frequency sonar receiver (60), which is the corresponding part of the SPSA (54), the first preliminary high-frequency amplifier (61), the first high-pass filter (62), the first main high-frequency amplifier (63) and the fifth integrator (64) , the output of which the signal is fed to the corresponding input of the computer (23).

,

и

, НЧ эхо-сигналов ВРЧ:

,

,

и

и НЧ сигналов f₁,

, f₂ и f^/; второй (электромагнитный) тракт (68) нелинейного приема НЧ гидроакустических сигналов, который, в свою очередь, содержит: канал (69) формирования и излучения ВЧ - в диапазоне частот выше 3 кГц электромагнитного сигнала накачки ω_эм, канал (70) электромагнитного нелинейного приема НЧ эхо-сигналов:

,

и

, НЧ эхо-сигналов ВРЧ:

,

,

и

и НЧ сигналов f₁,

, f₂ и f^/, а также тракт (71) линейного приема НЧ эхо-сигналов

и НЧ эхо-сигналов ВРЧ

.In this case, KAGPS (25) contains: the first (acoustic) path (65) of nonlinear (parametric) reception of low-frequency hydroacoustic signals, which, in turn, contains: channel (66) for generating and emitting high-frequency signals - in the frequency range above 3 kHz of the hydroacoustic signal pump ω ₄ , channel (67) of acoustic nonlinear reception: LF echo signals:

,

and

The bass echoes of the RF:

,

,

and

and low-frequency signals f ₁ ,

, f ₂ and f ^/ ; the second (electromagnetic) path (68) for non-linear reception of low-frequency hydroacoustic signals, which, in turn, contains: channel (69) for generating and emitting HF - in the frequency range above 3 kHz of the electromagnetic pump signal ω _em , channel (70) for electromagnetic non-linear reception LF echoes:

,

and

The bass echoes of the RF:

,

,

and

and low-frequency signals f ₁ ,

, f ₂ and f ^/ , as well as the path (71) of the linear reception of low-frequency echo signals

and low frequency echo signals

.

In this case, the channel (66) for generating and emitting the HF hydroacoustic pumping signal ω ₄ contains electrically connected in series: the fourth HF signal generator (72) ω ₄ , the fourth HF power amplifier (73), the first matching device (74) and the fourth HF sonar ( 75), which is the corresponding part of the SIA (48). In this case, the channel (69) for generating and emitting an RF electromagnetic pump signal ω _em contains series electrically connected: a fifth RF generator (76) of signals ω _em , a fifth RF power amplifier (77), a second matching device (78) and an RF electromagnetic emitter (79 ), which is the corresponding part of the SIS (48). In this case, the channel (67) of acoustic nonlinear reception of low-frequency signals contains electrically connected in series: a second high-frequency hydroacoustic receiver (80), which is the corresponding part of the SSPA (54), a second preliminary high-frequency amplifier (81), a first amplitude detector (82), a first filter ( 83) LF and fifth integrator (84), from the input of which a signal is supplied to the corresponding computer input (23). In this case, the channel (70) of electromagnetic nonlinear reception of low-frequency signals contains serially electrically connected: the first high-frequency electromagnetic receiver (85), which is the corresponding part of the SSPA (54), the third preliminary high-frequency amplifier (86), the second amplitude detector (87), the second filter ( 88) LF and the sixth integrator (89), from the input of which a signal is supplied to the corresponding computer input (23). In this case, the path (71) for the linear reception of low-frequency signals contains electrically connected in series: the second low-frequency sonar receiver (90), which is the corresponding part of the SSPA (54), the third preliminary low-frequency amplifier (91), the third low-pass filter (92), the third main low-pass an amplifier (93) and a seventh integrator (94), from the input of which a signal is supplied to the corresponding computer input (23).

In turn, each of the PS (7) contains: a water-permeable body (95), a block (96) for fastening to the carrying halyard, a block (97) of lasso gripping, a block (98) of fixation in the ground (anchor), given when the PS (7) emerges ), the reserve of the halyard (99), which has its own positive buoyancy, laid in the bay - when setting up the substation (7) and self-unwinding - when surfacing the substation (7), the connecting ring (100) inserted into the mechanical lock (101) - when setting the substation (7) and disconnected from it - for surfacing PS (7), a waterproof electronic unit (102) having its own positive buoyancy , which, in turn, contains: electrically connected in series: RF - in the frequency range above 3 kHz, electro-acoustic transducer (103), amplifier (104), decoder (105), electromagnet (106), mechanically connected to a mechanical lock (101 ), as well as the first high-capacity battery (107) that provides power: an amplifier (104), a decoder (105) and an electromagnet (106).

In turn, each of the GDAS (6) contains: a waterproof case (108), a block (109) for fastening to a carrier halyard, a block (110) for fixing in the ground (tripod), a block (111) for tilting angle compensation (cardan suspension), a block (112) three-coordinate orientation in space and an electronic unit (113), which, in turn, contains: series-electrically connected: multi-channel receiving system (114), consisting of several (at least two) three-component geophones, connected in parallel to each other, multi-channel - by the number of geophones, p a preamplifier (115), a multichannel - according to the number of geophones, a band-pass filter (116), a device (117) for digital formation and scanning of the directivity (NI) characteristics of a multichannel receiving system (114), a main amplifier (118), a computing (119) device ( miniature computer), a removable digital storage device (120) for information (flash card), as well as a second high-capacity battery (121) providing power: a pre-amplifier (115), a device (117), a main amplifier (118), a resolver (119) ) and block (112) t ehkoordinatnoy orientation in space.

The device operates as follows (Fig.1 - Fig.12).

It is assumed that in a given geographic area with MSS, MBO and MLS, there is an industrial hydrocarbon deposit (1): oil, gas, etc. - a search object located on a productive horizon above and below rocks with various geological and geophysical properties, which has certain geometric dimensions in space — a circuit (Fig. 7) and having signals of the NMSH of the HC and NMSS of the HC in a narrow frequency band of 2.5-3.5 Hz, as well as signals of the NMSH and NMSH of the HC collector in a wide frequency band of 1-10 Hz. It should be noted that the occurrence, and hence the possibility of recording over the hydrocarbon pool, of natural elastic waves — signals of the SMMSI of the HC and SMSH of the HC collector, is associated with the opening and collapse of the cavities in the HC (narrow frequency band 2.5-3.5 Hz) , as well as the offset of the “crack faces” (wide frequency band of 1-10 Hz), respectively. At the same time, the intensity of the signals of the SSSI HC and SSSI of the hydrocarbon deposit is determined by the quantitative defectiveness of the rocks of the geological environment, the dynamics of changes in thermoelastic stresses and HC reserves.

In general, fluids are located in hydrocarbon deposits according to their densities: gas, oil and water. In this case, the reservoir rock is water-saturated - beyond the external oil circuit and oil-saturated - in the internal oil circuit. In this regard, the main physical properties of the rocks and liquids that characterize the hydrocarbon pool and which can be remotely (including through the aquatic environment - when the recording sensor is located on the surface of the sea or in the water column) can be estimated using methods and means of hydroacoustics, in including non-linear ones, are the following: porosity (presence of pores not filled with solid), cavity (voids that are larger than 2 mm in three mutually perpendicular planes) and fracture (fracture capacity) of the formation; permeability of reservoir rocks; saturation of reservoir rocks with gas, oil or water; physical and physicochemical properties of oil, water and gas: density, gas solubility, nonlinear properties, etc. In this case, from the point of view of bioacoustics, it is figuratively imagined that the hydrocarbon pool has: conditional “heart murmur” - own the resonant frequency of the hydrocarbon deposits in a wide frequency band of 1-10 Hz; conditional "pulse" - the natural resonant frequency of the shock wave in a narrow frequency band of 2.5-3.5 Hz; conditional “breathing” - a relatively frequent change in signal intensity during the day; conditional "sighs" - a relatively rare change in signal intensity during the day; conditional “phases of wakefulness and sleep” - periodic changes in the integral intensity of the signal during the month, due to the influence of the moon; conditional “cough” - a multiple response to the effects of a micro-earthquake in a given area or external excitation by intense elastic waves.

In a given geographical area with an estimated hydrocarbon field (oil, gas, etc.), including in the presence of a current, developed sea waves - above 4 points, i.e. in the presence of conditions that hinder or completely exclude 3D seismic exploration (implying, among other things, the simultaneous use of several SSCs), the HFS moves (2) in the speed range of 3.5-4 knots. (6.5-7.4 km / h) with a minimum level of underwater acoustic and hydrodynamic noise. At the same time, the HFS body (2) is rigidly mounted on the first (9) and second (10) mounts below the HFS keel (2), respectively, the first (11) and second (12) well streamlined bodies (bulbs) are fixed, and the HFS ( 2) using the first (13) and second (14) winches, as well as the first (15) and second (16) cable cables, the BPNIA (17) and the BPNPA (18) are towed, respectively, in the first softly towed streamlined body (19) and in the second softly towed streamlined body (20). Also on the GFS (2), in addition to the geophysical equipment, several - at least four, MUPS (5) with a loading capacity of at least 500 kg each are located, providing individual setting-sampling at the corresponding measuring point of each of several - at least four (according to the number of MNS ), GDAS (6) with PS (7), which are not used at the first stage of geophysical measurements related to the establishment of spatial coordinates of reservoirs.

Using a series of electrically connected first low-frequency generator (26) signals F ₁ , switch (29), low-frequency power amplifier (30), the first cable cable (15) located on the first winch (13) and BPNIA (17) mounted on the first softly towed streamlined body (19), the LF emitting HAS (21), carry out the formation, amplification - to the required level and slightly directed - tens of degrees, radiation - in the direction of the bottom, intense - with an amplitude of acoustic pressure of 10 ⁶ -5 × 10 ⁶ Pa at a distance of 1 m from BPNIA, sonar waves in the range of h stot from 1 Hz to 3000 Hz. These waves propagate in the direction of the bottom at a speed determined by the elastic properties of the medium and its density, from the near-surface layer with MSS - the BPNIA location horizon (19), partially absorbed, reflected and scattered: in sea water - in the entire depth range, at the interface environments: water-land and in the geological environment - at depths of up to 10 km, they return back, including to the near-surface layer, in which the HFS (2) with BPNPA (18) is located.

. С выхода первого интегратора (34), являющегося одним из трех выходов НЧ приемной ГАС (22), данный НЧ эхо-сигнал

подают на соответствующий вход ЭВМ (23), в которой осуществляют вторичную и окончательную обработку сигналов и получают, в конечном итоге, геолого-геофизический разрез, на котором можно визуально увидеть коллектора, а также их пространственное местоположение.By means of series-connected electrically connected: BPNPA (18) mounted on a second gently towed streamlined body (20), a second cable cable (16) located on a second winch (14), a first preliminary low-pass amplifier (31), and a first low-pass filter (32), the first main low-frequency amplifier (33) and the first integrator (34) carry out continuous weakly directional - tens of degrees, receiving, amplifying and converting (from a hydroacoustic wave to a hydroacoustic signal) partially reflected and partially refracted data of the low-frequency hydroacoustic waves and receive in the frequency range 1-3000 Hz LF echo

. From the output of the first integrator (34), which is one of the three outputs of the low-frequency receiving HAS (22), this low-frequency echo signal

fed to the corresponding input of the computer (23), in which secondary and final signal processing is performed and, ultimately, a geological and geophysical section is obtained, on which the collector can be visually seen, as well as their spatial location.

Thus, at this stage of the implementation of the developed method, the first question is answered when searching for hydrocarbons - where is the potential hydrocarbon trap - collector. Then they proceed to the second stage of the implementation of the developed method in order to answer the second question - are there hydrocarbons in this potential hydrocarbon trap: oil, gas, etc.

At the first time interval (several days) of the second stage of the implementation of the developed HFS method (2), he walks courses according to the profiles assigned on the basis of the results obtained at the first stage. According to a given program, combining the intervals of radiation and pauses, with the help of parallel electrically connected second low-frequency generator (27) or third low-frequency generator (28), signals at the corresponding frequencies: F ₂ or F ₃ are fed to the corresponding inputs of the switch (29), from the output of which one of the signals (in accordance with a given program) is sequentially fed to the LF power amplifier (30), the first cable cable (15) and BPNIA (17) of the low-frequency emitting HAS (21), thus realizing the formation, amplification, and weakly directed radiation in the time interval not less than 30 seconds of intense sonar waves at a frequency of F ₂ in a wide frequency band of 1-10 Hz or at a frequency of F ₃ in a narrow frequency band of 2.5-3.5 Hz. Hydroacoustic waves at the indicated frequencies propagate in the direction of the bottom at a speed determined by the elastic properties of the medium and its density, from the surface layer of the sea to 10 km below its bottom, act at frequencies F ₂ and F ₃ close to the resonant frequencies of the HC collector and HC, accordingly, to the HC-collector and HC, and then return back to the sea water layer in which the HFS (2) with BPNPA (18) is located.

- отраженных от УВ,

- отраженных от коллектора,

- отраженных от слоя осадков над УВ-залежью,

- отраженных от слоя ПДЗРС над УВ-залежью, обратно - в слой морской воды, в котором находится ГФС (2) с СГИА (48) и СГПА (54).At the same time, in channel (40) for the formation and nonlinear radiation of two hydroacoustic HF pump signals at close frequencies ω ₁ and ω ₂ in the range above 3 kHz of the path (39) of nonlinear (parametric) radiation of low-frequency hydroacoustic signals KAGAS (24) using parallel and electrically connected in series: the first RF generator (45) of the signals ω ₁ , the first RF power amplifier (46) and the first RF hydroacoustic emitter (47), which is the corresponding part of the SIA (48); the second high-frequency generator (49) of the signals ω ₂ , the second high-frequency power amplifier (50) and the second high-frequency sonar emitter (51), which is the corresponding part of the SIA (48), carry out the formation, amplification - to the required level, conversion (electric hydro-acoustic signal into hydro-acoustic wave) and the radiation of two hydroacoustic HF pump waves at close frequencies ω ₁ and ω ₂ towards the bottom, which, jointly propagating in an inhomogeneous (containing various phase inclusions: PPZRS, PDZRS, etc.) aqueous medium, interact each other and are converted into sum and difference frequencies. The initial HF hydroacoustic waves and even more the HF wave of the total frequencies decay rapidly (due to absorption of acoustic energy, etc.) in the aquatic environment, while the LF HF RF Ω _i = ω ₂ -ω ₁ extend over significant - several tens of kilometers, distances : at a frequency of Ω ₁ - close to the resonant frequency of the SW in a narrow frequency band of 2.5-3.5 Hz, at a frequency of Ω ₂ - close to the resonant frequency of the collector in a wide frequency band of 1-10 Hz, at a frequency of Ω ₃ - close to the resonant frequency of the sediment layer above the hydrocarbon deposits in a wide frequency range of 1-3000 Hz, at a frequency of Ω ₄ low to the resonant frequency of the PDZRS layer above the hydrocarbon pool in a wide frequency range of 1-3000 Hz. Hydroacoustic low-frequency VLF Ω _i = ω ₂ -ω ₁ highly directional - units of degrees, propagate in the direction of the bottom, constantly pumping acoustic energy from the original high-frequency pump waves ω ₁ and ω ₂ , at a speed determined by the elastic properties of the medium and its density, from the surface layer of the sea up to 5 km below its bottom, act on the frequencies: Ω ₁ , Ω ₂ , Ω ₃ and Ω ₄ on the objects intended for them and returned in the form of the corresponding low-frequency echo signals

- reflected from HC,

- reflected from the collector,

- reflected from the sediment layer above the hydrocarbon pool,

- reflected from the LPRS layer above the hydrocarbon pool, back to the sea water layer in which the HFS (2) with SGA (48) and SPSA (54) are located.

- отраженных от слоя осадков над УВ-залежью и

- отраженных от слоя ПДЗРС над УВ-залежью, обратно - в слой морской воды, в котором находится ГФС (2) с СГИА (48) и с СГПА (54).At the same time, in the channel (43) for the formation and linear radiation of the hydroacoustic RF signal at ω ₃ in the range above 3 kHz of the path (42) of the linear radiation of hydroacoustic RF signals of KAGAS (24) with the help of series-connected electrically connected: third RF generator (51) of signals ω ₃ , the third high-frequency power amplifier (52) and the third high-frequency sonar emitter (53), which is the corresponding part of the SIA (48), carry out the formation, amplification, conversion and directional - several tens of degrees, the radiation of the high-frequency sonar waves at a frequency of ω ₃ in the direction of the bottom. Hydroacoustic HF waves at frequencies ω ₃ locate the sediment layer above the hydrocarbon pool and the LPRS layer above the hydrocarbon pool and return in the form of the corresponding RF echo signals

- reflected from the sediment layer above the hydrocarbon pool and

- reflected from the LPRS layer above the hydrocarbon deposit, back to the sea water layer in which the HFS (2) with SGA (48) and with SGA (54) are located.

в широкой полосе частот 1-10 Гц или НЧ эхо-сигнал

в узкой полосе частот 2,5-3,5 Гц подают на соответствующий вход ЭВМ (23), в которой осуществляют вторичную обработку НЧ эхо-сигналов и получают, наряду со спектральными признаками (в том числе, площади под кривой взаимного спектра одноименных компонент при регистрации СМШИ и ВМШИ УВ, а также СМШИ и ВМШИ УВ-коллектора и др.), соотношения С/П в узкой (2,5-3,5 Гц) и соотношения С/П в широкой (1-10 Гц) полосах частот, непрерывные по времени суток и по пространству изменения интегральных уровней узкой и относительно широкой полос частот, в том числе внутри и снаружи контура УВ-коллектора и УВ-залежи, дисперсию и математическое ожидание значений данных параметров и др. При этом амплитуды НЧ эхо-сигналов на частотах

и

внутри контура значительно - в несколько - от 2-х раз и более, превосходят амплитуды НЧ эхо-сигналов на соответствующих частотах вне контура.In the low-frequency receiving GAS (22) KIK (4) with the help of series-connected electrically connected: BPNPA (18), the second cable cable (16), the first preliminary low-pass amplifier (31), the first low-pass filter (32), the first main low-frequency amplifier (33), as well as, in accordance with a predetermined program, the first broadband filter (35) and the second integrator (36), or the first narrow-band filter (37) and the third integrator (38), the low-frequency echo signal

in a wide frequency range of 1-10 Hz or low frequency echo

in a narrow frequency band, 2.5-3.5 Hz is fed to the corresponding computer input (23), in which secondary processing of low-frequency echo signals is carried out and, along with spectral features (including the area under the curve of the mutual spectrum of the same-name components at registration of NMS and NMSN of HC, as well as NMS and NMS of HC collector, etc.), S / P ratio in narrow (2.5-3.5 Hz) and S / P ratio in wide (1-10 Hz) frequency bands continuous in time of day and in space changes in the integral levels of the narrow and relatively wide frequency bands, including inside and Ruzhi circuit HC-HC-collector and reservoir, the dispersion and the expectation of the data values and other parameters. The amplitudes of the LF echo signals at frequencies

and

inside the circuit significantly - several times - from 2 times or more, exceed the amplitudes of the low frequency echo signals at the corresponding frequencies outside the circuit.

тракта (39) нелинейного излучения НЧ гидроакустических сигналов КАГАС (24) при помощи последовательно электрически соединенных: первого НЧ гидроакустического приемника (55), являющегося соответствующей частью СГПА (54), второго предварительного НЧ усилителя (56), второго диапазонного НЧ фильтра (57), второго основного НЧ усилителя (58) и четвертого интегратора (59) осуществляют прием, обратное преобразование (гидроакустической волны в гидроакустический сигнал) и предварительное усиление НЧ эхо-сигналов

, а также удаление помех вне диапазона рабочих частот, основное усиление и накопление соответствующих НЧ эхо-сигналов

, а затем их подают на соответствующий вход ЭВМ (23). Затем в ЭВМ (23) осуществляют вторичную обработку НЧ эхо-сигналов

и получают, по аналогии с НЧ приемной ГАС (22), наряду со спектральными признаками сигналов, соотношения С/П в узкой (2,5-3,5 Гц) и широкой (1-10 Гц) полосах частот, непрерывные по времени суток и по пространству изменения интегральных уровней узкой и относительно широкой полос частот, в том числе внутри и снаружи контура УВ-коллектора и УВ-залежи, дисперсию и математическое ожидание значений данных параметров и др.; для

- отраженных от слоя осадков над УВ-залежью и

- отраженных от слоя ПДЗРС над УВ-залежью, наряду со спектральными признаками НЧ эхо-сигналов, в том числе характеризующих их резонансное переотражение или резонансное поглощение, соотношения С/П в широком диапазоне частот, непрерывные по времени суток и по пространству изменения интегральных уровней НЧ эхо-сигналов в широком диапазоне частот, в том числе внутри и снаружи контура УВ-коллектора и УВ-залежи, дисперсию и математическое ожидание значений данных параметров и др.At the same time, in the channel (41) of the linear reception of the low frequency echo signals of the RF

of the path (39) of nonlinear emission of low-frequency hydroacoustic signals from KAGAS (24) using series-connected electrically connected: the first low-frequency hydroacoustic receiver (55), which is the corresponding part of the SSPA (54), the second preliminary low-frequency amplifier (56), the second band-pass low-pass filter (57) , the second main LF amplifier (58) and the fourth integrator (59) receive, inverse transform (hydroacoustic wave into a hydroacoustic signal) and pre-amplify low-frequency echo signals

as well as the removal of interference outside the operating frequency range, the main amplification and accumulation of the corresponding low-frequency echo signals

, and then they are fed to the corresponding input of the computer (23). Then, in a computer (23), secondary processing of low-frequency echo signals is performed

and receive, by analogy with the LF receiving HAS (22), along with the spectral features of the signals, the S / P ratio in the narrow (2.5-3.5 Hz) and wide (1-10 Hz) frequency bands, continuous in time of day and the spatial variation of the integral levels of the narrow and relatively wide frequency bands, including inside and outside the contour of the hydrocarbon collector and hydrocarbon deposits, the variance and the mathematical expectation of the values of these parameters, etc .; for

- reflected from the sediment layer above the hydrocarbon pool and

- reflected from the PDZRS layer above the hydrocarbon pool, along with the spectral features of low-frequency echo signals, including those characterizing their resonant re-reflection or resonance absorption, S / P ratios in a wide frequency range, continuous in time of day and in space changes in the integral levels of low frequencies echo signals in a wide range of frequencies, including inside and outside the contour of the hydrocarbon collector and hydrocarbon deposits, the variance and the mathematical expectation of the values of these parameters, etc.

тракта (42) линейного излучения гидроакустических ВЧ сигналов ω₃ с помощью последовательно электрически соединенных: первого ВЧ гидроакустического приемника (60), являющегося соответствующей частью СГПА (54), первого предварительного ВЧ усилителя (61), первого ВЧ диапазонного фильтра (62), первого основного ВЧ усилителя (63) и пятого интегратора (64) осуществляют прием, обратное преобразование и предварительное усиление ВЧ эхо-сигналов

а также удаление помех вне диапазона рабочих частот, основное усиление и накопление соответствующих ВЧ эхо-сигналов

, а затем их подают на соответствующий вход ЭВМ (23). Затем в ЭВМ (23) осуществляют вторичную обработку ВЧ эхо-сигналов

и получают для:

- отраженных от слоя осадков над УВ-залежью и

- отраженных от слоя ПДЗРС над УВ-залежью, наряду со спектральными признаками ВЧ эхо-сигналов, соотношения С/П в ВЧ диапазоне частот, непрерывные по времени суток и по пространству изменения интегральных уровней ВЧ эхо-сигналов в ВЧ диапазоне частот, в том числе внутри и снаружи контура УВ-коллектора и УВ-залежи, дисперсию и математическое ожидание значений данных параметров и др.At the same time, in the channel (44) of the linear reception of RF echo signals

of the channel (42) for the linear emission of hydroacoustic high-frequency signals ω ₃ using electrically connected in series: the first high-frequency hydro-acoustic receiver (60), which is the corresponding part of the SSPA (54), the first preliminary high-frequency amplifier (61), the first high-pass filter (62), the first the main RF amplifier (63) and the fifth integrator (64) receive, inverse transform, and pre-amplify the RF echo signals

as well as the removal of interference outside the operating frequency range, the main amplification and accumulation of the corresponding RF echo signals

, and then they are fed to the corresponding input of the computer (23). Then, in a computer (23), secondary processing of the RF echo signals is carried out

and receive for:

- reflected from the sediment layer above the hydrocarbon pool and

- reflected from the LPRS layer above the hydrocarbon pool, along with the spectral features of the RF echo signals, S / P ratios in the high frequency range, continuous in time of day and in space changes in the integral levels of high frequency echo signals in the high frequency range, including inside and outside the contour of the hydrocarbon collector and hydrocarbon deposits, the variance and the mathematical expectation of the values of these parameters, etc.

,

и

, НЧ эхо-сигналов ВРЧ

,

,

,

и

и НЧ сигналов f₁,

, f₂ и f^/, с помощью последовательно электрически соединенных: четвертого ВЧ генератора (72) сигналов ω₄, четвертого ВЧ усилителя мощности (73), первого согласующего устройства (74) и четвертого ВЧ гидроакустического излучателя (75), являющегося соответствующей частью СГИА (48), осуществляют формирование, усиление - до необходимого уровня, преобразование и высоконаправленное - единицы градусов, непрерывное излучение ВЧ сигнала ω₄ на частоте, близкой к резонансной частоте ω₀ рассеивателей звука (ПДЗРС и др.), доминирующих в прилегающем ко дну объеме морской среды.At the same time, in the channel (66) for generating and emitting the HF sonar pump signal ω _{4 of the} first (acoustic) path (65) for nonlinear reception of low-frequency echo signals:

,

and

VLF echo bass

,

,

,

and

and low-frequency signals f ₁ ,

, f ₂ and f ^/ , with the help of series-connected electrically connected: the fourth RF generator (72) signals ω ₄ , the fourth RF power amplifier (73), the first matching device (74) and the fourth RF hydroacoustic emitter (75), which is the corresponding part of the GIS (48) carried formation, increased - up to the necessary level conversion and highly directional - units degrees, continuous emission of RF ω ₄ signals at a frequency close to the resonant frequency ω ₀ of scatterers sound (PDZRS et al.), dominant in adjacent to the volume of the bottom the marine environment.

,

и

, НЧ эхо-сигналов ВРЧ

,

,

,

и

и НЧ сигналов f₁,

, f₂ и f^/, с помощью последовательно электрически соединенных: пятого ВЧ генератора (76) сигналов ω_эм, пятого ВЧ усилителя мощности (77), второго согласующего устройства (78) и ВЧ электромагнитного излучателя (79), являющегося соответствующей частью СГИА (48), осуществляют формирование, усиление - до необходимого уровня, преобразование и направленное - единицы-десятки градусов, непрерывное излучение ВЧ сигнала ω_эм на частоте, близкой к резонансной частоте ω₀ рассеивателей звука (ППЗРС и др.), доминирующих в прилегающем к СГИА (48) объеме морской среды.At the same time, in the channel (69) for the formation and emission of the RF electromagnetic pump signal ω _{em of the} second (electromagnetic) path (68) of nonlinear reception of low frequency echo signals:

,

and

VLF echo bass

,

,

,

and

and low-frequency signals f ₁ ,

, f ₂ and f ^/ , with the help of series-electrically connected: the fifth RF generator (76) of the signals ω _em , the fifth RF power amplifier (77), the second matching device (78) and the RF electromagnetic emitter (79), which is the corresponding part of the GIS ( 48), the formation, amplification — to the required level, conversion and directional — a few tens of degrees, continuous emission of the RF signal ω _em at a frequency close to the resonant frequency ω ₀ of sound scatterers (MSS, etc.), which dominate in the adjacent to the GIS (48) volume of marine environments s.

A high-frequency hydroacoustic wave at a frequency of ω ₄ propagates in the direction of the seabed, scatters on it, as well as at inhomogeneities of the remote sensing and radar systems, interacts with the low-frequency signal as a signal, mainly at inhomogeneities of the long-range radar, and in the form of high-frequency modulation waves ω ₄ ± Ω _i and ω ₄ ± f _i returns back to the place of radiation, which is also the place of reception. At the same time, an HF electromagnetic wave at a frequency of ω _em propagates in the direction of the seabed, scatters and interacts with the LF with a useful signal on the heterogeneities of the MSS, and then they return back to the place in the form of HF modulation waves ω _em ± Ω _i and ω _em ± f _i radiation, which is the place of reception.

. В случае же дополнительного коллинеарного (в одном направлении) воздействия на них рассеянными ВЧ акустическими (преимущественно на сам пузырек) или ВЧ электромагнитными (преимущественно на поверхностный заряд пузырька) волнами пузырьки газа начинают совершать колебания дипольного типа, т.е. направленно в сторону места излучения-приема.In this case, bubbles with a certain surface charge of a PDZRS and PPZRS gas in the initial state above the collector with the HC — before exposure to them by RF acoustic or RF electromagnetic waves, perform monopole oscillations — they are compressed and expanded in all directions, under the influence of low-frequency hydroacoustic waves HC f ₁ and NMSH collector f ₂ , as well as NMSH HC f ^/ and NMSH collector

. In the case of additional collinear (in one direction) exposure to them by scattered HF acoustic (mainly on the bubble itself) or HF electromagnetic (mainly on the surface charge of the bubble) waves, gas bubbles begin to oscillate in a dipole type, i.e. directed towards the radiation receiving site.

,

,

,

и

и f_i: f₁,

, f₂ и f^/ из ВЧ акустических модуляционных частот: ω₄±Ω_i и ω₄±f_i. В дальнейшем с помощью первого фильтра (83) НЧ и пятого интегратора (84) производят НЧ фильтрацию (удаление ВЧ помех) и интегрирование (накопление) полезных сигналов Ω_i и f_i, которые, в дальнейшем, подают на соответствующий вход ЭВМ (23).Subsequently, in the channel (67) of the first (acoustic) path (65) of nonlinear reception of low-frequency echo signals using electrically connected in series: the second high-frequency hydroacoustic receiver (80), which is the corresponding part of the SSPA (54), and the second preliminary high-frequency amplifier (81 ) carry out highly directional reception, the corresponding conversion (from a hydroacoustic wave to the corresponding signal) and amplification of the HF acoustic modulation frequencies: ω ₄ ± Ω _i and ω ₄ ± f _i . Then, using the first amplitude detector (82), low-frequency useful signals are extracted

,

,

,

and

and f _i : f ₁ ,

, f ₂ and f ^/ from the HF acoustic modulation frequencies: ω ₄ ± Ω _i and ω ₄ ± f _i . Subsequently, using the first low-pass filter (83) and the fifth integrator (84), low-pass filtering (removal of RF interference) and integration (accumulation) of useful signals Ω _i and f _i are performed, which, subsequently, are fed to the corresponding computer input (23) .

At the same time, in the channel (70) of the second (electromagnetic) path (68) of nonlinear reception of low-frequency echo signals by means of serially electrically connected the first high-frequency electromagnetic receiver (85), which is the corresponding part of the HCPA (54), and the third preliminary high-frequency amplifier (86 ) carry out directional reception, the corresponding conversion (from an electromagnetic wave to the corresponding signal) and amplification of the HF electromagnetic modulation frequencies: ω _em ± Ω _i and ω _em ± f _i . Then, using the second amplitude detector (87), the low-frequency useful signals Ω _i and f _{i are} extracted from the high-frequency electromagnetic modulation frequencies: ω _em ± Ω _i and ω _em ± f _i . Subsequently, using the second low-pass filter (88) and the sixth integrator (89), low-pass filtering (removal of high-frequency interference) and integration (accumulation) of low-frequency useful signals Ω _i and f _i are performed, which are subsequently fed to the corresponding computer input (23 )

At the same time, in the path (71) of the linear reception of low-frequency signals using electrically connected in series: the second low-frequency sonar receiver (90), which is the corresponding part of the SSPA (54), the third preliminary low-frequency amplifier (91), and the third low-pass filter (92), the third main low-frequency amplifier (93) and the seventh integrator (94) respectively receive and convert (from the hydroacoustic wave into the corresponding signal) signals, filter them (remove low-frequency and high-frequency interference outside the operating frequency range f ltra), amplification and integration LF useful signals Ω _i and f _i, which subsequently is supplied to the corresponding input of the computer (23).

Then, in a computer (23), all information is processed and the oil and gas content of hydrocarbon collectors in the hydrocarbon field is determined. Thus, at the first time interval (several days) of the second stage of the implementation of the developed method, they affirmatively answer whether or not there are hydrocarbons in the given hydrocarbon collector (potential hydrocarbon trap): oil, gas, etc.

For more detailed studies of the hydrocarbon collector, in order to answer the third question - where to put the well, at the second time interval (several tens of days) of the second stage of the implementation of the developed method, the HFS (2) approaches the area with this hydrocarbon collector, anchors ( or lies in a drift) and from its side with the help of a launching and lifting device (3) several, not less than 4, MUPS (5) are launched into the water. At the same time, at each of the MUPS (5) there is one GDAS (6), one substation (7) and one small-sized lifting device (8).

In the future, each of the MUPS (5) arrives at its initial operating (measuring) point located at a distance of at least 1 km from the HFS (2) - to exclude the negative impact of its technogenic noise, it determines its coordinates with high accuracy (by satellite), prepares the corresponding GDAS (6) from the PS (7) to be put to the bottom and waits for the command from the main (flagship) MPS (5) to synchronously set all the GDAS (6) from the PS (7). At the same time, in the PS (7), the halyard stock (99) is laid in a certain (excluding self-entanglement upon ascent, etc.) way, the connecting ring (100) is inserted into the mechanical lock (101) and the PS (7) is turned by 90 ° in standby (waiting for a command to trigger a mechanical lock) mode. After locking the lock, electric power from the first high-capacity battery (107) is supplied simultaneously to an amplifier (104), a decoder (105) and an electromagnet (106). Thus, the PS is transferred to the standby (watch) mode of operation - waiting for the command to activate the lock (100). Then, on a command from the HFS (2), all the DAS (6) from the PS (7) are simultaneously thrown overboard at all the starting points of the MPS location (5) and the process of measuring the HC collector using the DSS by profiles or grid to determine the location begins well setting. At the same time, the SFS (2) remains at anchor (in drift) in this area with the MPS (5), controlling their navigational safety.

, СМШИ коллектора f₂ и ВМШИ коллектора

подают на вход вычислительного устройства (119) для вторичной обработки и хранения, в том числе, на съемном цифровом накопителе (120) информации. При этом электрическое питание предварительного усилителя (115), устройства (117), основного усилителя (118), решающего устройства (119) и блока (112) осуществляют с помощью второго высокоемкостного аккумулятора (121).In turn, each GDAS due to negative buoyancy (not less than 50 kg) in the free fall mode sinks to the bottom and, using the block (110), is fixed in the ground. In this case, using the blocks (111) and (112), respectively, the compensation of the angle of inclination and the three-coordinate orientation in space are carried out. Then, in the electronic unit (113), using a series-electrically connected: multi-channel receiving system (114), consisting of several (at least two) three-component geophones connected in parallel to each other, multi-channel - according to the number of geophones, pre-amplifier (115), multi-channel band-pass filter (116), device (117) for digital formation and scanning of CN and the main amplifier (118), respectively, receive and convert (from a hydroacoustic wave into a hydroacoustic signal ) LF signals, their filtering (to exclude the negative influence of interference outside the operating frequency range), scanning of HN (to determine the direction with the maximum S / P ratio) and amplifying the LF signals to the required level. Then the low-frequency signals: NMSH HC f ₁ and NMSH HC

, IMSI collector f ₂ and IMSI collector

fed to the input of the computing device (119) for secondary processing and storage, including on a removable digital storage device (120) of information. In this case, the electric power supply to the pre-amplifier (115), the device (117), the main amplifier (118), the solver (119) and the block (112) is carried out using a second high-capacity battery (121).

After registering the LF signals for a predetermined time interval (from 1 hour to 3 days), all the GDAS (6) are raised to the sea surface by command from the GFS (2). Why: in the channel (43) for generating and linear radiation of a hydroacoustic RF signal at a frequency of ω ₃ in the range above 3 kHz of the path (42) of linear radiation of hydroacoustic RF signals of KAGAS (24) using electrically connected in series: third RF generator (51) signals ω _3, the third RF power amplifier (52) and the third RF sonar transducer (53) being SGIA corresponding part (48), forming is performed, amplification, transformation and directed radiation for a specific length (e.g., 15 seconds - for Substation №1, 30 seconds - for Substation №2, 45 seconds - for Substation №3 and 60 seconds - for Substation №4) time interval HF hydroacoustic waves at a frequency of ω _3, in the direction corresponding GDAS (6) to the SS (7).

Hydroacoustic HF waves at a frequency of ω ₃ in a given time interval for the corresponding HDAS (6) are received, amplified and decrypted using a series-connected electrically-connected HF electro-acoustic transducer (103), amplifier (104) and a decoder (105) of a waterproof electronic unit (102). If the cipher matches - a strictly defined time interval during which the sonar wave is emitted at the frequency ω ₃ , the control signal from the decoder (105) is automatically applied to the electromagnet (106), which opens the mechanical lock (101) and thus releases the connecting ring (100) and block (98). Due to the given anchor - block (98), the reserve of the halyard (99), which has its own positive buoyancy, the positive buoyancy of the waterproof electronic unit (102), and also due to the mechanical connection of the GDAS (6) with the PS (7) by means of the carrying halyard and block (109) ) attaching the GDAS (6) to it, as well as the block (96) attaching the PS (7) to it, the GDAS system (6) - PS (7) in the free ascent mode rises to the sea surface. In this case, the ascent rate is determined by the positive buoyancy margin of the PS (7), which should at least 10-15% exceed the negative buoyancy of the GDAS (6).

After the SS (7) has surfaced, a lasso is thrown onto the surface, which is fixed by the gripping unit (97), and lifted, using a small-sized lifting device (8), aboard the corresponding ICM (5). Then, the reserve of the halyard (99) is selected and lifted aboard the GDAS (6). Then, when MUPS (5) moves to a new measurement point, the halyard stock (99) is again placed, the connecting ring (100) is inserted into the mechanical lock (101), and the PS (7) is rotated by the connecting ring (100) 90 ° clockwise ) to standby mode. At the new measuring point, the sequence of steps described above is repeated. Moreover, after the last rise to the sea surface GDAS (6), a removable digital storage device (120) of information is extracted from it. After completing the measurements, the entire ICM (5) approaches the HFS (2) and with the help of the launching and lifting device (3) they are lifted aboard it. Subsequently, computers (23) process sonar information located on a removable digital storage device (120) of the corresponding DAS (6). Then they decide on the location of the well.

In this way:

1. Ensuring high productivity of the search for hydrocarbons - the product of the search area by the search speed, is achieved due to the fact that:

- the establishment of coordinates and depths of the collectors is carried out at the first stage of the implementation of the method, and the reception of the signals of the secondary mass waves above them is carried out at the second;

- instead of PGFS use HFS to work on 2D seismic;

- on the HFS additionally placed several - at least four, MUPS, providing individual setting-sampling in the corresponding measuring point of measurement of each of the 4 GDS;

- each of the GDAS is put to the bottom in free fall mode, and rises to the sea surface by command in free ascent mode, etc.

2. Ensuring high reliability of the search for hydrocarbons is achieved due to the fact that:

- at the first stage, partially scattered intense hydroacoustic waves are additionally received using SGPA KPGAS;

- instead of intense sonar waves in the frequency range 1-3000 Hz emit, sequentially combining the intervals of radiation and pauses, sonar waves in the frequency range close to the resonant frequency of the hydrocarbon deposits in the frequency band 2.5-3.5 Hz, as well as at frequencies close to the resonant frequency of the collector of the hydrocarbon deposits in the frequency band 1-10 Hz;

- additionally, in the KPGAS they form and emit in the direction of the bottom, and also additionally receive pump waves reflected from the bottom and scattered by the bottom inhomogeneities of the aqueous medium in the frequency range above 3 kHz with an amplitude equivalent to the amplitude of the acoustic pressure of 5 × 10 ² -10 ⁴ Pa, with the help of radiating and receiving antennas of electromagnetic waves mounted on a streamlined body towed alongside a vessel;

- the distances between BPNIA and GDAS, as well as between neighboring GDAS, should be in the range from one and a half (~ 750 m) to two and a half (~ 1500 m) wavelengths and from half (~ 250 m) to one and a half (~ 750 m ) wavelengths

- the time for recording the signals of the NMSA HC and the signals of the NMSA HC with the help of the GDAS before and after exposure to intense hydroacoustic waves both inside and outside the circuit should be at least 30 minutes, the duration of the excitations of the HC and collectors should be at least 30 seconds, the recording time excitation results for at least 3 minutes after the end of each HC excitation and reservoir;

- additionally, before and after excitation by intense hydroacoustic waves, inside and outside the circuit, including when the vessel is moving at a speed of 3.5-4 knots (6.5-7.4 km / h), the following are used as information signs: spectrum shape narrow (2.5-3.5 Hz) and relatively wide (1-10 Hz) frequency bands, the shape of the spectrum of HF modulation frequencies of acoustic and EM origin, the ratio of SP in a narrow and relatively wide frequency bands, discrete and continuous time-varying integral narrow and relatively wide frequency bands; and W modulation frequencies of acoustic and electromagnetic origin, area under the curve of the spectrum of similar mutual registration of the component signals at SMSHI HC and HC VMSHI signals, as well as combinations of these features with previously established weights.

3. Ensuring high reliability of recognition of hydrocarbons is achieved due to the fact that:

- at the first stage, partially scattered intense hydroacoustic waves are additionally received using SGPA KPGAS;

- instead of intense sonar waves in the frequency range 1-3000 Hz emit, sequentially combining the intervals of radiation and pauses, sonar waves in the frequency range close to the resonant frequency of the hydrocarbon deposits in the frequency band 2.5-3.5 Hz, as well as at frequencies close to the resonant frequency of the collector of the hydrocarbon deposits in the frequency band 1-10 Hz;

- additionally, in the KPGAS they form and emit in the direction of the bottom, and also additionally receive pump waves reflected from the bottom and scattered by the bottom inhomogeneities of the aqueous medium in the frequency range above 3 kHz with an amplitude equivalent to the amplitude of the acoustic pressure of 5 × 10 ² -10 ⁴ Pa, with the help of radiating and receiving antennas of electromagnetic waves mounted on a streamlined body towed alongside a vessel;

- the distances between BPNIA and GDAS, as well as between neighboring GDAS, should be in the range from one and a half (~ 750 m) to two and a half (~ 1500 m) wavelengths and from half (~ 250 m) to one and a half (~ 750 m ) wavelengths

- the time for recording the signals of the NMSA HC and the signals of the NMSA HC with the help of the GDAS before and after exposure to intense hydroacoustic waves both inside and outside the circuit should be at least 30 minutes, the duration of the excitations of the HC and collectors should be at least 30 seconds, the recording time excitation results for at least 3 minutes after the end of each HC excitation and reservoir;

- additionally, before and after excitation by intense hydroacoustic waves, inside and outside the circuit, including when the vessel is moving at a speed of 3.5-4 knots (6.5-7.4 km / h), the following are used as information signs: spectrum shape narrow (2.5-3.5 Hz) and relatively wide (1-10 Hz) frequency bands, the shape of the spectrum of HF modulation frequencies of acoustic and EM origin, the ratio of SP in a narrow and relatively wide frequency bands, discrete and continuous time-varying integral narrow and relatively wide frequency bands; and W modulation frequencies of acoustic and electromagnetic origin, area under the curve of the spectrum of similar mutual registration of the component signals at SMSHI HC and HC VMSHI signals, as well as combinations of these features with previously established weights and others.

4. The provision of minimum financial costs is achieved due to the fact that:

- instead of the expensive in the development, construction, maintenance and operation of PFFS, use the standard HFS for 2D seismic exploration;

- on the HFS additionally placed several - at least four, MUPS with a loading capacity of at least 500 kg, providing individual setting-selection at the appropriate measuring point for measuring each of the 4 GDS;

- each of the GDAS is put to the bottom in the free fall mode, and rises to the sea surface by command in the free ascent mode;

- SSPA KPGAS is not installed on the hull of the vessel, but on a rigidly fixed and towed streamlined body next to the vessel;

- SGIA KAGAS is not installed on the ship’s hull, but on a streamlined body rigidly fixed and towed next to the ship, etc.

5. The provision of minimum time costs is achieved due to the fact that:

- the establishment of coordinates and depths of the collectors is carried out at the first stage of the implementation of the method, and the reception of the signals of the secondary mass waves above them at the second;

- on the HFS additionally placed several - at least four, MUPS with a loading capacity of at least 500 kg, providing individual setting-selection at the appropriate measuring point for measuring each of the 4 GDS;

- each of the GDAS is put to the bottom in free fall mode, and rises to the sea surface by command in free ascent mode, etc.

6. Ensuring navigational safety is achieved due to the fact that:

- instead of PGFS use HFS to work on 2D seismic;

- SSPA KPGAS is not installed on the hull of the vessel, but on a rigidly fixed and towed streamlined body next to the vessel;

- SGIA KAGAS is not installed on the ship’s hull, but on a streamlined body rigidly fixed and towed next to the ship, etc.

7. Ensuring environmental safety for the MBO and TSA as a whole is achieved due to the fact that:

- instead of PHFS, they use HFS to work on 2D seismic, that is, the technogenic impact on the UBW located in the entire water column and the OPS as a whole is reduced;

- each of the GDAS is put to the bottom in free fall mode, and rises to the sea surface by command in free ascent mode, i.e. the loss of HDAS is completely excluded;

- instead of intense sonar waves in the frequency range 1-3000 Hz emit, sequentially combining the intervals of radiation and pauses, sonar waves in the frequency range close to the resonant frequency of the hydrocarbon deposits in the frequency band 2.5-3.5 Hz, as well as at frequencies close to the resonant frequency of the collector of the hydrocarbon deposits in the frequency band 1-10 Hz, etc.

Distinctive features of the proposed method are:

1. The establishment of the coordinates and depths of the collectors is carried out at the first stage of the implementation of the method, and the reception of signals of the SMSSH HC above them is carried out at the second stage of the implementation of the method.

2. Instead of the expensive in the development, construction, maintenance and operation of PFFS, standard HFS is used for 2D seismic exploration.

3. On the HFS additionally placed several - at least four, MUPS with a loading capacity of at least 500 kg, providing individual setting-selection at the appropriate measuring point for measuring each of the 4 GDS.

4. Each of the GDAS is put to the bottom in free fall mode, and each of the GDAS is raised to the sea surface by a command in the free ascent mode.

5. At the first stage, partially scattered intense hydroacoustic waves are additionally received using SGPA KPGAS.

6. SSPA KPGAS is installed not on the hull of the vessel, but on a rigidly fixed and towed streamlined body next to the vessel.

7. SGIA KAGAS is also installed on the second rigid body and towed next to the vessel streamlined body.

8. At the second stage, instead of intense sonar waves in the frequency range 1-3000 Hz, emitting, sequentially combining the intervals of radiation and pauses, intense sonar waves in the frequency range close to the resonant frequency of the hydrocarbon deposits in the frequency band 2.5-3.5 Hz , as well as at frequencies close to the resonant frequency of the collector of the hydrocarbon deposits in the frequency band 1-10 Hz.

9. Additionally, in the KPGAS, they form and emit in the direction of the bottom, and also additionally receive pump waves reflected from the bottom and scattered on the bottom inhomogeneities of the aqueous medium in the frequency range above 3 kHz with an amplitude equivalent to the amplitude of the acoustic pressure 5 × 10 ² -10 ⁴ Pa using radiating and receiving antennas of electromagnetic waves mounted on a streamlined body that is rigidly fixed and towed next to the vessel.

10. The distances between BPNIA and GDAS, as well as between neighboring GDAS, should be in the range from one and a half (~ 750 m) to two and a half (~ 1500 m) wavelengths and from half (~ 250 m) to one and a half (~ 750 m) wavelengths

11. The time for recording the signals of the NMSA HC and the signals of the NMSA HC with the aid of the DAS before and after exposure to intense hydroacoustic waves both inside and outside the circuit should be at least 30 minutes, the duration of the excitations of the HC and collectors should be at least 30 seconds, time recording the results of the excitations for at least 3 minutes after the end of each excitation of the hydrocarbon and collector.

12. As information signs, additionally, before and after excitation by intense sonar waves, inside and outside the circuit, including when the vessel is moving at a speed of 3.5-4 knots (6.5-7.4 km / h), use: spectrum of a narrow (2.5-3.5 Hz) and relatively wide (1-10 Hz) frequency bands, the shape of the spectrum of HF modulation frequencies of acoustic and EM origin, the ratio of the SP in a narrow and relatively wide frequency bands, discrete and continuous over time integral levels of narrow and relatively wide frequency bands, as well as HF modulation frequencies of acoustic and EM origin, the area under the curve of the mutual spectrum of the components of the same name when registering the signals of the NMSA HC and the signals of the NMSA HC, as well as a combination of these features with previously established weighting coefficients.

The presence of distinctive features from the prototype features allows us to conclude that the proposed method meets the criterion of "novelty."

An analysis of the known technical solutions in order to detect the indicated distinctive features in them showed the following.

Signs 5, 8, 9, and 12 are new, and their use for direct search for hydrocarbons is unknown.

Signs 4, 6, 7, 10, and 11 are new, and their use for direct search for hydrocarbons is unknown.

At the same time, the use is known: feature 4 - in fishing and navigation - for automatic emergency search and lifting to the sea surface of fishing gear and small swimming equipment; signs 6 and 7 - in military sonar and oceanography - for receiving sonar signals using towed antennas; signs 10 and 11 - in applied hydroacoustics.

Signs 1-3 are well known in marine exploration and marine geophysics.

Thus, the presence of new significant features, together with the known ones, ensures that the proposed solution has a new property that does not coincide with the properties of the known technical solutions - with high productivity, high reliability, search and recognize hydrocarbon deposits (oil, gas or others). ) over a large area with minimal financial and time costs, ensuring navigational safety for the ship and environmental safety for the ICB and the general security guard as a whole.

In this case, there is a new set of features and their new interconnection, and it’s not a simple combination of new features and already known ones, but the execution of operations in the proposed sequence leads to a qualitatively new effect.

This circumstance allows us to conclude that the developed method meets the criterion of "significant differences".

An example implementation of the method.

Industrial tests of the elements of the developed method were carried out from 1989 to 2010: on the Far East shelf of the Russian Federation (1989-2010) and on the shelf of the Republic of Vietnam (2007-2010). The following vessels were used as GFS: Project 503 STR (special - OS-104 and fishing), Russian Navy submarines and inhabited submarines (such as TINRO-2, etc.), as GDAS - GDS "Monolith", in as PS - hydroacoustic switches with remote control (GARD devices). At the same time, experiments were performed on oil and gas wells with known productivity (including dry wells).

7, for example, illustrates a typical geological and geophysical section. As can be seen from Fig.7, you can even visually relatively simply set the coordinates and depth of the collector.

Figure 8 illustrates the spectrograms of the signals of the NMSI of the oil deposit (curve No. 1 — dots), gas reservoir (curve No. 2 — short dotted lines), gas condensate reservoir (curve No. 3 — solid line), and interference (line No. 4 — long dotted lines) ) As can be seen from FIG. 8: the SMSS spectrum of the oil deposit (curve No. 1) has the narrowest frequency band (from 2.0 Hz to 4.5 Hz) with two spectral maxima at frequencies of 2.5 Hz and 3.0 Hz, which with appropriate processing ~ 20 dB higher than the level of ambient noise of the sea; the spectrum of the SSSI of a gas deposit (curve No. 2) has the widest frequency band (from 1.7 Hz to 7.0 Hz) with spectral maxima at frequencies of 2.0 Hz, 2.4 Hz, 3.0 Hz, 3.8 Hz and 4.3 Hz, which with appropriate processing ~ 15 dB higher than the level of ambient noise of the sea; the spectrum of the gas condensate gas condensate field (curve No. 3) has a fairly wide frequency band (from 2.0 Hz to 7.0 Hz) with spectral maxima at frequencies of 2.8 Hz, 3.0 Hz and 3.8 Hz, which, when properly processed ~ 17 dB higher than ambient sea noise. Thus, using this information, it is possible to optimize the equipment and information processing algorithms, in the interest of increasing its reliability.

In Fig. 9, by way of example, typical spectrograms are illustrated: the high-frequency acoustic pump signal at a frequency of 16 kHz in the absence of a CMSI HC (curve No. 2 is a dashed line) and in the presence of a CMSI HC (curve No. 1 is a solid line) under the HFS, and acoustic interference in the frequency range from 1 Hz to 30 kHz. As can be seen from Fig. 9, in the absence of a CMSW HC, a narrow band of HF frequencies (discrete component) is recorded at a frequency of 16 kHz, which is ~ 35 dB higher than the level of HF interference in this frequency range, while in the presence of a CMSW HC, a wide band of frequencies is recorded which is only ~ 27 dB higher than the level of RF interference in this frequency range. That is, the level of the discrete component at a frequency of 16 kHz decreases by ~ 8 dB with its simultaneous expansion. Thus, using this information, it is possible to evaluate in real time the possibility of the presence of the SMSS HC, as well as optimize information processing algorithms, in the interest of increasing its reliability.

Figure 10, for example, illustrates typical changes in the amplitudes along the profile above the hydrocarbon deposit: the low-frequency signal of the SMMSI HC (curve No. 1 is a wavy solid line), the RF signal of the difference frequency is 15.997 kHz (curve No. 2 is a solid, strongly rugged line), HF acoustic pump signal 16 kHz (curve No. 3 - short dashed lines), LF interference (curve No. 4 - long dashed lines) during the movement of the HFS. As can be seen from Fig. 10, over a profile length of ~ 8 km above the hydrocarbon pool, with appropriate signal processing: the amplitude of the low-frequency signal of the SMMSI HC (curve No. 1) gradually increases, reaches a maximum over the hydrocarbon pool, which is ~ 15 dB higher than the integral the level of surrounding low-frequency noise and gradually decreases; the amplitude of the RF signal of the difference frequency (curve No. 2) increases stepwise, reaches a maximum above the hydrocarbon pool, which is ~ 25 dB higher than the integral level of the surrounding RF noise and gradually decreases; the amplitude of the HF acoustic pump signal 16 kHz (curve No. 3) gradually decreases, reaches a minimum above the hydrocarbon pool, which is ~ 10 dB less than the integral level of the surrounding HF noise and smoothly increases. Thus, using this information, it is possible to evaluate in real time on three different parameters the possibility of the presence of an SMMS HC, as well as optimize information processing algorithms, in the interest of increasing its reliability.

11 and 12 illustrate sonograms of the 28.5 Hz low-frequency signal when using a 16 kHz high-frequency acoustic pump signal and a 16 kHz high-frequency electromagnetic (with close to acoustic parameters) pump signal, respectively. In this case, the low-frequency emitter was at the bottom, and the parametric receiver was on the sea surface at a depth of 120 m. As can be seen from Fig. 12, the use of a near-surface sound-scattering layer and an electromagnetic high-frequency pump signal is based on the C / P ratio at the output of the corresponding signal processing unit (a brighter mark from the low-frequency signal of 28.5 Hz in the corresponding sonogram) is preferable in comparison with the use of a bottom sound-scattering layer and a high-frequency acoustic pump signal. Wherein:

1. Ensuring great productivity of the search for hydrocarbons was achieved due to the fact that:

- the establishment of coordinates and depths of the collectors is carried out at the first stage of the implementation of the method, and the reception of the signals of the secondary mass waves above them is carried out at the second;

- on the HFS additionally placed several - at least four, MUPS, providing individual setting-sampling in the corresponding measuring point of measurement of each of the 4 GDS;

- each of the GDAS is put to the bottom in free fall mode, and rises to the sea surface by command in free ascent mode, etc.

2. Ensuring high reliability of the search for hydrocarbons was achieved due to the fact that:

- at the first stage, partially scattered intense hydroacoustic waves are additionally received using SGPA KPGAS;

- emit hydroacoustic waves in the frequency range close to the resonant frequency of the hydrocarbon deposits in the frequency band 2.5-3.5 Hz, as well as at frequencies close to the resonant frequency of the collector of the hydrocarbon deposits in the frequency band 1-10 Hz;

- additionally, in the KPGAS, they form and emit in the direction of the bottom, and also additionally receive pump waves reflected from the bottom and scattered by the bottom inhomogeneities of the aqueous medium in the frequency range above 3 kHz using electromagnetic waves emitting and receiving antennas mounted on a rigidly fixed and towed near with a ship streamlined body;

- the distance between BPNIA and GDAS, as well as between neighboring GDAS, should be in the range from one and a half to two and a half wavelengths and from half to one and a half wavelengths of the secondary air pollution control system;

- the time of recording the signals of the NMSS of HC and signals of the NMSS of HC with the help of GDAS before and after exposure to intense hydroacoustic waves both inside and outside the circuit is at least 30 minutes, the duration of the excitations of the HC and collectors is not less than 30 seconds, the time for recording the results of the excitations - at least 3 minutes after the end of each HC excitation and collector;

- as information signs, they additionally use: the shape of the spectrum of narrow (2.5-3.5 Hz) and relatively wide (1-10 Hz) frequency bands, the shape of the spectrum of the HF modulation frequencies of acoustic and EM origin, the ratio of SP in a narrow and relatively wide frequency bands, discrete and continuous in time changes in the integral levels of a narrow and relatively wide frequency bands, as well as high-frequency modulation frequencies of acoustic and electromagnetic origin, the area under the mutual spectrum curve of the components of the same name when recording signals signals of NMSA HC, as well as a combination of these features with previously established weighting factors.

3. Ensuring high reliability of recognition of hydrocarbons was achieved due to the fact that:

- at the first stage, partially scattered intense hydroacoustic waves are additionally received using SGPA KPGAS;

- instead of intense sonar waves in the frequency range 1-3000 Hz emit, sequentially combining the intervals of radiation and pauses, sonar waves in the frequency range close to the resonant frequency of the hydrocarbon deposits in the frequency band 2.5-3.5 Hz, as well as at frequencies close to the resonant frequency of the collector of the hydrocarbon deposits in the frequency band 1-10 Hz;

- additionally, in the KPGAS they form and emit in the direction of the bottom, and also additionally receive pump waves reflected from the bottom and scattered by the bottom inhomogeneities of the aqueous medium in the frequency range above 3 kHz with an amplitude equivalent to the amplitude of the acoustic pressure of 5 × 10 ² -10 ⁴ Pa, with the help of radiating and receiving antennas of electromagnetic waves mounted on a streamlined body towed alongside a vessel;

- the distance between BPNIA and GDAS, as well as between neighboring GDAS, should be in the range from one and a half to two and a half wavelengths and from half to one and a half wavelengths of the secondary air pollution control system;

- additionally, before and after excitation by intense hydroacoustic waves, inside and outside the circuit, including when the vessel is moving at a speed of 3.5-4 knots (6.5-7.4 km / h), the following are used as information signs: spectrum shape narrow (2.5-3.5 Hz) and relatively wide (1-10 Hz) frequency bands, the shape of the spectrum of HF modulation frequencies of acoustic and EM origin, the ratio of SP in a narrow and relatively wide frequency bands, discrete and continuous time-varying integral narrow and relatively wide frequency bands; and W modulation frequencies of acoustic and electromagnetic origin, area under the curve of the spectrum of similar mutual registration of the component signals at SMSHI HC and HC VMSHI signals, as well as combinations of these features with previously established weights and others.

4. The provision of minimum financial costs was achieved due to the fact that:

- instead of the expensive in the development, construction, maintenance and operation of PFFS, use the standard HFS for 2D seismic exploration;

- on the HFS additionally placed several - at least four, MUPS with a loading capacity of at least 500 kg, providing individual setting-selection at the appropriate measuring point for measuring each of the 4 GDS;

- each of the GDAS is put to the bottom in the free fall mode, and rises to the sea surface by command in the free ascent mode;

- SSPA KPGAS is not installed on the hull of the vessel, but on a rigidly fixed and towed streamlined body next to the vessel;

- SGIA KAGAS is not installed on the ship’s hull, but on a streamlined body rigidly fixed and towed next to the ship, etc.

5. The provision of minimum time costs is achieved due to the fact that:

- the establishment of coordinates and depths of the collectors is carried out at the first stage of the implementation of the method, and the reception of the signals of the secondary mass waves above them is carried out at the second;

- on the HFS additionally placed several - at least four, MUPS with a loading capacity of at least 500 kg, providing individual setting-selection at the appropriate measuring point for measuring each of the 4 GDS;

- each of the GDAS is put to the bottom in free fall mode, and rises to the sea surface by command in free ascent mode, etc.

6. Ensuring navigational safety is achieved due to the fact that:

- instead of PGFS use HFS to work on 2D seismic;

- SSPA KPGAS is not installed on the hull of the vessel, but on a rigidly fixed and towed streamlined body next to the vessel;

- SGIA KAGAS is not installed on the ship’s hull, but on a streamlined body rigidly fixed and towed next to the ship, etc.

7. Ensuring environmental safety for the IBO and TSA as a whole was achieved due to the fact that:

- instead of PGFS, they use HFS to work on 2D seismic, i.e. the technogenic impact on UBOs located in the entire water column and OPS as a whole is reduced;

- each of the GDAS is put to the bottom in free fall mode, and rises to the sea surface by command in free ascent mode, i.e. the loss of HDAS is completely excluded;

- instead of intense sonar waves in the frequency range 1-3000 Hz emit, sequentially combining the intervals of radiation and pauses, sonar waves in the frequency range close to the resonant frequency of the hydrocarbon deposits in the frequency band 2.5-3.5 Hz, as well as at frequencies close to the resonant frequency of the collector of the hydrocarbon deposits in the frequency band 1-10 Hz, etc.

Claims (1)

A method of direct search for hydrocarbons, which consists in the formation of continuous and weakly directed - tens of degrees, radiation using a spatially continuous emitting antenna towed behind a vessel with intense - with an amplitude of acoustic pressure of 10 ⁶ -5 × 10 ⁶ Pa at a distance of 1 m, sonar waves in the frequency range from 1 to 3000 Hz, in the formation, continuous and directional - a few tens of degrees, radiation using multi-frequency - at least three, a marine hydroacoustic emitting antenna combined - combining on the modes of linear and nonlinear formation of location signals, active hydroacoustic means in the frequency range from 3 kHz and above less intense - with an amplitude of acoustic pressure of 5 × 10 ⁴ -10 ⁵ Pa at a distance of 1 m, more high-frequency hydroacoustic waves, the propagation of intense hydroacoustic waves in direction of the bottom at a speed determined by the elastic properties of the medium and its density, partial reflection and partial refraction of these hydroacoustic waves at the interface between the media with other elastic properties and Continuous reception of partially reflected and partially refracted these hydroacoustic waves using a spatially continuous receiving antenna towed behind the vessel, the propagation of less intense and higher frequency hydroacoustic waves in the direction of the sediment layer and the water space over the hydrocarbon reservoir at a speed determined by the elastic properties of the medium and its density, non-linear the interaction of two of the three higher frequency sonar waves with each other with the formation of sonar low total wave of difference frequency, partial reflection of the initial higher-frequency waves and low-frequency wave of difference frequency from the inhomogeneities of the aquatic environment and from the interface between two media: water - the bottom above the hydrocarbon reservoir and continuous highly directional - units of degrees, the reception of partially reflected these hydroacoustic waves using marine hydroacoustic receiving antenna combined-combining linear and nonlinear processing of received sonar signals, passive sonar in linear and non-linear modes of its operation, processing and recording the received information, establishing coordinates and depths of characteristic geological and geophysical reservoir structures, which are potential hydrocarbon traps, on the exploration area, receiving own microseismic hydrocarbon noise emission over some of the reservoirs, using: - at least 4 deep-sea bottom acoustic stations installed by a given grid at the bottom of the sea or along a given profile at a distance from each other, o providing mutual overlapping of the observation zones, primary, secondary and final processing of the obtained information and interpretation of the obtained results with the establishment of the fact of the presence of a hydrocarbon deposit in the exploration area and the type of deposit: oil, gas, etc., characterized in that the coordinates and depths of the reservoirs are determined at the first stage of the method implementation, while receiving signals of intrinsic and forced (induced) microseismic noise emissions of hydrocarbons in a narrow frequency band of 2.5-3.5 Hz, and that as well as signals of intrinsic and stimulated microseismic noise emissions of hydrocarbon reservoirs in a wide frequency band of 1-10 Hz, above them - at the second stage of the method, while instead of an underwater geophysical vessel, a standard geophysical vessel is used for 2D seismic exploration, which additionally contains several - not less than four, small-sized and tipping-resistant boats with a carrying capacity of at least 500 kg, providing individual setting-selection in the appropriate measurement at the point of each of the 4 deep-sea bottom acoustic stations, each of which is put to the bottom in the free fall mode, and each of them rises to the sea surface in the free ascent mode, while the first stage additionally receives partially scattered intense hydroacoustic waves using a marine hydroacoustic receiving antenna of a combined passive hydroacoustic means, while it is mounted on a streamlined body that is rigidly fixed and towed next to the vessel, which can It is easily installed in a given place of the ship’s hull without special docking; moreover, the emitting antenna of the combined active hydroacoustic means is also mounted on a second body that is rigidly fixed and towed next to the vessel, while in the second stage instead of intense hydroacoustic waves in the frequency range 1-3000 Hz emit, sequentially combining the intervals of radiation and pauses, intense sonar waves in the frequency range close to the resonant frequency of the hydrocarbon deposits in the elk of frequencies 2.5-3.5 Hz, as well as at frequencies close to the resonant frequency of the hydrocarbon reservoir in the frequency band 1-10 Hz, are additionally formed and emitted in the direction of the bottom in a combined passive sonar tool, and also receive reflected from the bottom and scattered by the irregularities of the bottom aqueous medium pump electromagnetic waves in the range above 3 kHz with an amplitude equivalent to the amplitude of the acoustic pressure of 5 × 10 ² to 10 ⁴ Pa, using a radiating antenna and receiving electromagnetic waves, y mounted on a first streamlined body rigidly fixed and towed next to the vessel, while the distances between the emitter of intense hydroacoustic signals and deep-sea bottom acoustic stations, as well as between adjacent deep-sea bottom acoustic stations should be in the range, respectively, from one and a half (~ 750 m) to two and a half (~ 1500 m) wavelengths and from half (~ 250 m) to one and a half (~ 750 m) wavelengths of intrinsic microseismic noise emission of hydrocarbons (~ 500 m), while the recording time itself Before and after exposure to intense hydroacoustic waves, both inside and outside the circuit should be at least 30 minutes, the duration of excitations of hydrocarbons and reservoirs should be at least 30 s, and the time for recording the results excitations for at least 3 min after the end of each excitation of hydrocarbons and reservoir, while additionally before and after excitation as information signs intensive hydroacoustic waves inside and outside the circuit, including when the vessel is moving at a speed of 3.5-4 knots (6.5-7.4 km / h) using: the shape of the spectrum is narrow (2.5-3.5 Hz) and relatively wide (1-10 Hz) frequency bands, the shape of the spectrum of high-frequency modulation frequencies of acoustic and electromagnetic origin, signal-to-noise ratios in a narrow and relatively wide frequency bands, discrete and continuous in time changes in the integral levels of a narrow and relatively wide frequency bands, and high frequency modulation cha the acoustic and electromagnetic origin, area under the curve of the spectrum of similar mutual registration component in own and induced microseismic noise emissions of hydrocarbons, as well as combinations of these features with previously established weights.

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