RU2457034C1 - Hammer crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to crushers. Hammer crusher comprises crushing chamber, deck, hammer rotor, sieve, swirl chamber, inlet and outlet mouths. Swirl chambers are mounted on crushing chamber end walls. Swirl chamber width equals or exceeds air-product layer thickness. Swirl chambers may be arranged on both sides of crushing chamber.

EFFECT: higher efficiency.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to devices for grinding materials, mainly for grinding feed grain and stalk feed.

Known hammer crusher containing a crushing chamber with a hammer rotor, an inlet neck located in the center of the crushing chamber, a bypass channel with walls turning into the deck and adjacent to the crushing chamber at a right angle, in the center of the bypass channel there is an unloading device equipped with a deflector, an additional wall the bypass channel at the junction of the crushing chamber is perforated and together with the outer wall of the bypass channel forms a chamber for removing dusty air [1].

This design has several disadvantages:

- the possibility of regrinding of the material due to untimely removal of the finished product from the grinding zone;

- high energy intensity.

Closest to the technical solution to the proposed invention is a hammer crusher containing a crushing chamber, consisting of a deck, sieve, swirl chamber, inlet and outlet necks and hammer rotor [2].

This design has several disadvantages:

- low productivity;

- uneven particle size distribution of the finished product.

The proposed crusher contains a crushing chamber formed by a deck, sieve and end walls, inlet and outlet necks, a hammer rotor, and swirl chambers mounted on the end walls of the crushing chamber.

In similar hammer crushers, the crushed material introduced into the crushing chamber is carried away by the air flow generated by the hammer rotor, is discarded by centrifugal forces to the periphery of the grinding chamber, and moves in a circle carried by the hammers at a speed of 30-40% of the angular speed of the rotor, while the collision will be equal to the difference in speeds of the crushed particles and the working bodies, therefore, the movement of the material in the same direction with the movement of the working bodies reduces the efficiency of the working their organs to the material.

Vortex chambers located on the end walls of the crushing chamber change the air regime inside the crushing chamber, changing the contours of the air-product layer accordingly.

Vortex chambers located on the end walls of the crushing chamber form an air flow, the direction of the velocity vectors of which does not coincide with the velocity vectors of the air flows formed by the working bodies of the hammer mill. In this case, the velocity vectors of the crushed material exiting the vortex chamber located on the end wall of the crushing chamber, and the velocity vectors of the working bodies will be multidirectional. In this case, the relative collision velocity of the particles of the crushed material and the working bodies will increase. The use of vortex chambers located on the end walls of the crushing chamber will allow more intensive grinding of the material, as well as obtaining a more uniform particle size distribution of the finished product.

Thus, in the aggregate of these features, the novelty of the proposed solution is ensured.

As a result of the analysis of the distinguishing features, namely the location of the vortex chambers from the ends of the crushing chamber, their identical design was not found in other technical solutions. This circumstance gives full reason to believe that the solution meets the criterion of "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a General view of a hammer mill; figure 2 shows a section aa in figure 1, figure 3 shows a section bb in figure 2.

The hammer crusher includes a crushing chamber 1, deck 2, a sieve 3, vortex chambers 4 located on the end walls of the crushing chamber 1, an inlet neck 5, an outlet neck 6, a hammer rotor 7, an end wall 8.

Crusher works as follows. The material to be crushed passes through the loading neck 5 into the crushing chamber 1 and is affected by the working bodies of the hammer crusher. The resulting air-product layer due to the rotation of the hammer rotor 7 moves in a circle formed by deck 2 and sieve 3, and enters the vortex chamber 4 located on the end wall of the crushing chamber 1, flowing around its inner surface, and leaves it. In this case, the velocity vectors of the crushed material will not coincide with the velocity vectors of the working bodies of the hammer crusher. The relative speed of collision of the working bodies of the hammer crusher and particles of the crushed material will increase, which will lead to intensification of grinding, increase the productivity of the crusher, and also improve the quality of the finished product. After the material is crushed to the desired particle size, regulated by the diameter of the holes of the sieve 3, it is evacuated from the crushing chamber.

Literature

1. Patent No. 2279920 (RU). Hammer Crusher / V.A.Sysuev, P.A.Savinykh, A.V. Aleshkin, N.A. Chernyatiev, O.Yu. Medvedev, publ. in 2006, bull. No. 20.

2. AC No. 631196 (USSR). Hammer Crusher / I - V.P. Kishkis, V.P. Sapkauskas, publ. in 1978, Bull. No. 41 is a prototype.

Claims (2)

1. Hammer crusher containing a crushing chamber formed by a deck, sieve and end walls, inlet and outlet necks, a hammer rotor, characterized in that the vortex chambers are installed on the end walls of the crushing chamber and at the same time have a width equal to or greater than the thickness of the air-product layer . 2. The hammer mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the vortex chambers are installed on both sides of the crushing chamber.

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