RU96343U1 - HAMMER CRUSHER - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. A hammer crusher containing a hammer rotor with disks located in a crushing chamber formed by a deck, sieves, a vortex chamber and a loading neck covering the rotor around the entire circumference, characterized in that the loading neck is made in the form of a confuser expanding in the direction of movement of the crushed material. ! 2. The hammer mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the knives are made in a U-shape. ! 3. Hammer mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the knives around the perimeter have a cutting edge.

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to devices for grinding materials, mainly for grinding stalk feed.

Known hammer crusher containing a hammer rotor, consisting of disks, axles, hammers and knives located in a crushing chamber formed by a sieve shell around the entire circumference [1].

This design has several disadvantages:

- the possibility of regrinding of the material due to untimely removal of the finished product from the grinding zone;

- high energy intensity.

The closest technical solution to the proposed invention is a crusher containing a hammer rotor, consisting of disks, axles and hammers located in the crushing chamber formed by a deck, sieves, a swirl chamber, a cylindrical loading neck covering the rotor around the entire circumference [2].

This design has several disadvantages:

- low productivity;

- uneven particle size distribution of the finished product.

In the proposed crusher containing a hammer rotor, consisting of axes, disks, hammers and knives, located in the crushing chamber, limited by deck, sieve, swirl chamber and loading neck, the knives mounted on the rotor are U-shaped, made interchangeable and around the perimeter have a cutting edge, and the inlet neck is adjacent to the vortex chamber and is made in the form of a confuser expanding in the direction of movement of the crushed material.

It is known that the material introduced into the crushing chamber is rejected by the air flow generated by the rotor from the inlet neck area, which leads to an uneven distribution of the crushed material over the crushing chamber. The process described above is the reason that the material does not fall under the blows of hammers and knives in the area of the inlet neck, accumulates in the sieve zone, which prevents the passage of the crushed material through the sieve and leads to regrinding of the material due to untimely evacuation of the finished product.

The inlet neck, in the form of a confuser expanding in the direction of movement of the material adjacent to the vortex chamber, creates a vacuum at the entrance to the crushing chamber and reduces the speed of the air-product layer entering the crushing chamber, which allows the working bodies to act on the material already in the zone of the inlet neck, and also reduces the thickness of the air - food layer in the sieve zone, which facilitates the passage of crushed particles through it. U-shaped knives mounted on the rotor are interchangeable, have a cutting edge around the perimeter and are intended for preliminary grinding of the incoming material, interacting with the counter plate, leveling the size of the crushed particles, which in turn increases the efficiency of grinding with hammers.

Thus, in the aggregate of these features, the novelty of the proposed solution is ensured.

As a result of the analysis of the distinguishing features, namely, the implementation of the inlet neck in the form of a confuser, expanding along the movement of the material, as well as replaceable U-shaped knives with a cutting edge around the entire perimeter, their identical design was not found in other technical solutions. This circumstance gives full reason to believe that the solution meets the criterion of "inventive step".

The invention is illustrated in the drawing.

Figure 1 shows a General view of the crusher; figure 2 shows a section aa in figure 1, figure 3 shows a section bb in figure 2, figure 4 shows a section bb in figure 3.

The crusher comprises a housing 1, a fan 12, a hammer rotor 2, consisting of disks 3, axles 4, hammers 5, U-shaped knives with a cutting edge around the entire perimeter 6, located in the crushing chamber 7, limited by deck 8 with a counter plate 13, a loading neck in the form of a confuser expanding in the direction of movement of the material 9, a vortex chamber 10, a sieve 11.

Crusher works as follows. The material to be crushed through the grain duct as a result of the operation of the fan 12 enters through the loading neck in the form of a confuser expanding in the direction of movement of the material 9, into the crushing chamber 7, and due to the vacuum created by the loading neck in the form of a confuser expanding in the direction of movement of the material 9, it slows down its speed movement and in this state is under the influence of knives U-shaped 6, having a cutting edge around the perimeter, which, interacting with the opposing plate 13, subjected to After the grinding, the material is discarded under the action of centrifugal forces to the periphery of the crushing chamber 2 and passing through the circulating air-product layer of the under-ground material, significantly thinned due to the displacement of the radial vortex, which is caused by the neck in the form of a confuser, expanding in the direction of movement of the material 9, adjacent to the vortex chamber 10, is evacuated through a sieve 11. The proposed hammer mill allows you to get a uniform particle size distribution and high performance when grinding stalk feed in comparison with analogues, which is achieved by changes introduced into the design.

Literature

1. A.S. 889094 (USSR) Feed crusher / V.G.Malkov, A.S. Kleban, A.A.Okhrimenko, L.L. Shikhman. publ. in 1981, bull. №46

2. A.S. 631196 (USSR) Hammer crusher / I - V.P. Kishkis, V.P. Sapkauskas. publ. In 1978, Bull. No. 41 is a prototype.

Claims (3)

1. A hammer crusher containing a hammer rotor with disks located in a crushing chamber formed by a deck, sieves, a vortex chamber and a loading neck covering the rotor around the entire circumference, characterized in that the loading neck is made in the form of a confuser expanding in the direction of movement of the crushed material. 2. The hammer mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the knives are made in a U-shape. 3. The hammer mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the knives around the perimeter have a cutting edge.