CN114273023B - Superfine pulverizer and material pulverizing method - Google Patents
Superfine pulverizer and material pulverizing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114273023B CN114273023B CN202111644729.9A CN202111644729A CN114273023B CN 114273023 B CN114273023 B CN 114273023B CN 202111644729 A CN202111644729 A CN 202111644729A CN 114273023 B CN114273023 B CN 114273023B
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 173
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of material crushing. Superfine pulverizer, including crushing mechanism, crushing mechanism includes: the crushing disc is rotatably arranged on the crushing mechanism; the hammer knife is fixedly connected to the circumferential edge of the crushing disc; the gear ring is fixedly connected to the crushing mechanism, and is matched with the hammer knife and used for crushing materials; and a blocking piece is arranged on the gear ring and used for blocking ascending large-particle materials and rebounding the large-particle materials to the gap area between the gear ring and the hammer knife for secondary crushing. The pulverizer is used for solving the technical problem of low classification efficiency of the existing superfine pulverizer. The invention also discloses a material crushing method which is realized by using the superfine crusher. The method is used for solving the technical problem of low classification efficiency of the existing crushing method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material crushing, in particular to an ultrafine pulverizer and a material crushing method.
Background
The existing superfine pulverizer mainly comprises a feeding mechanism, a pulverizing mechanism, a classifying mechanism and a transmission mechanism. The feeding mechanism is used for controlling the rotating speed of a feeding auger through a variable frequency motor so as to control the feeding amount, and the crushing mechanism is used for crushing large material particles into small particles through a hammer knife and a gear ring; the classifying mechanism has the functions that small particle materials meeting the fineness requirement are separated from the crushing chamber through the classifying wheel and the flow dividing cover, and meanwhile, large particle materials are forced to return to the crushing chamber to continuously receive the impact of the crushing mechanism; the transmission mechanism is divided into a main motor transmission part, a feeding motor transmission part and a grading motor transmission part, wherein the main motor is driven by a vertical belt pulley, the feeding motor is driven by a chain wheel, and the grading motor is driven by a direct connection; the qualified small-particle materials separated out of the crushing chamber are conveyed to a material collecting device in time through pneumatic conveying and are collected.
The material after coarse crushing enters a crushing chamber from a feeder for crushing. Due to the high-speed rotation of the crushing disc, under the action of centrifugal force, the materials are crushed by the impact of the hammer blades arranged on the crushing disc and are flown onto the surrounding gear rings at extremely high speed, and the air flow between the hammer blades and the gear rings is changed instantaneously due to the change of the tooth shape because of the small gap between the hammer blades and the gear rings. The material is subjected to alternating stresses in this gap, where it is crushed further under repeated action. The crushed materials are carried between the inner wall and the split cover by the air flow entering from the lower part of the crushing disc, then enter the classifying chamber, the crushed materials are classified under the combined action of wind power, gravity and centrifugal force of the classifying wheel by adjusting the rotating speed of the motor of the classifying wheel and the proper parameters of the air quantity of the fan, the separated coarse materials return to the crushing chamber from the inner cavity of the split cover and are crushed again, the fine materials (finished products) are sucked into the classifying impeller, enter the discharging chamber and enter the collecting system from the discharging hole.
In the actual production process of the superfine pulverizer, the fineness and the yield of the crushed finished product materials are two factors of most concern to customers, and the two variables are in negative correlation. For example, if the fineness of the crushed material is increased (by increasing the rotation speed of the classifying wheel or reducing the air quantity), the corresponding yield is reduced; the fineness of the crushed materials is reduced (by reducing the rotating speed of a classifying wheel or increasing the air quantity), and the corresponding yield is increased; and by improving the crushing efficiency, on the premise of ensuring that the fineness of the materials meets the requirement, the improvement of the crushed material yield is an important means for measuring the quality of equipment and improving the market competitiveness of the product.
The technical problems of the existing superfine pulverizer are as follows: coarse and fine material particles can form material circulation in the crushing chamber along with the high-speed rotation of the crushing disc, layering can occur in the running track in the crushing chamber due to the difference of centrifugal force, large particles are arranged on the outer side, small particles are arranged on the inner side, the probability that small particle materials meeting requirements pass through the classifying wheel is hindered by the running track, and discharging efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The first object of the present invention is to provide an ultra-fine pulverizer, which is used for solving the technical problems of low pulverizing efficiency and low classifying efficiency of the existing ultra-fine pulverizer.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the superfine pulverizer comprises a pulverizing mechanism, wherein the pulverizing mechanism comprises:
the crushing disc is rotatably arranged on the crushing mechanism;
the hammer knife is fixedly connected to the circumferential edge of the crushing disc;
the gear ring is fixedly connected to the crushing mechanism, and is matched with the hammer knife and used for crushing materials; and a blocking piece is arranged on the gear ring and used for blocking ascending large-particle materials and rebounding the large-particle materials to the gap area between the gear ring and the hammer knife for secondary crushing.
According to the invention, the blocking piece is arranged on the ring gear of the crushing part of the superfine crusher, so that large-particle materials outside the material circulation are blocked and returned to the ring gear and hammer cutter area for secondary crushing, the probability of multiple crushing of coarse materials is increased, and the crushing effect of the crusher is improved; the number of large particles reaching the periphery of the classifying wheel is reduced, the pre-screening effect is achieved, and the classifying efficiency of the pulverizer is improved.
The gear ring provided by the invention has the effect of one-time screening, large-particle materials are blocked before the materials reach the grading mechanism, the number of the large particles reaching the periphery of the grading wheel is reduced, the grading efficiency of the grading wheel is increased, the unqualified large-particle materials can be crushed for multiple times before entering the grading wheel, and the quality of crushed finished products is ensured.
In order to solve the technical problem of low crushing efficiency of a crusher, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the hammer cutter comprises:
the hammer knife impact surface is arranged on the end surface of the hammer knife along the circumferential direction of the crushing disc and is used for crushing materials between adjacent hammer knives;
the hammer cutter outer side teeth are arranged at the outer side of the hammer cutter and are used for crashing materials between the hammer cutter and the gear ring;
the hammer knife inner side teeth are arranged on the inner side of the hammer knife and used for crushing materials on the inner side of the hammer knife.
According to the technical scheme of the hammer knife, the crushing mode is increased, the crushing range is enlarged, the material circulation layers formed in the gear ring can be impacted by the crushing mechanism, and the working efficiency of the crusher is improved.
In order to solve the technical problem of low crushing efficiency of the crusher, the invention adopts the following technical scheme, and is characterized in that the hammer knife further comprises:
the striking column is axially arranged on the hammer knife along the crushing disc. The striking column is matched with the gear ring and used for crushing materials higher than the height of the hammer knife.
According to the invention, the hammer knife positioning holes are matched with the striking columns, so that the collision area and the height are increased, and the crushing efficiency of the crusher is improved.
In order to further solve the technical problem of crushing efficiency of the crusher, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the impact surface of the hammer knife is in a grid shape, and the impact surface of the hammer knife is provided with a convex part and a concave part for friction crushing of materials.
According to the invention, the impact surface of the hammer knife of the crushing part of the superfine crusher is made into a grid-shaped rough surface, so that collision crushing is changed into two crushing modes of collision and friction, and the crushing efficiency of the crusher is improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme, and further comprises a grading mechanism, wherein the grading mechanism is arranged above the crushing disc, the crushing mechanism further comprises a flow dividing cover, and a feed inlet of the flow dividing cover is provided with a feed inlet baffle plate for preventing feed from directly entering the grading mechanism, avoiding the feed from directly entering a grading wheel area, and improving the crushing effect.
The flow dividing cover reduces large-particle materials entering the classifying wheel without crushing, improves the flow speed of the materials in the crushing chamber, accelerates the secondary crushing circulation process, damages the circulation layer of the secondary crushed materials and enhances the secondary crushing effect.
In order to solve the technical problem of non-ideal discharging speed of the pulverizer, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the flow dividing cover comprises an outer ring and a conical cover, wherein the outer ring is connected with the conical cover through an inclined rib plate, and the inclined rib plate is configured to be spirally upwards arranged along the rotation direction of the pulverizer, so as to guide materials to the classifying mechanism.
According to the invention, the angle of the rib plate of the outer ring of the split cover is inclined, the inclined direction is consistent with the trend of the material, the fluidity of the material is enhanced, the time of crushing, classifying and discharging is shortened, and the discharging speed of the crusher is improved.
In order to further solve the technical problem of low crushing efficiency of the crusher, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the inner side of the flow dividing cover is provided with vertical rib plates to destroy the circulation layer of the re-crushed materials and improve the crushing effect of the crushing part.
In order to further solve the technical problem of low crushing efficiency of the crusher, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that an air flow channel which is obliquely arranged is formed between the crushing disc and the gear ring and is used for guiding external air flow and blowing materials to the hammer knife.
According to the invention, the gap between the gear ring and the crushing disc is designed to be an inclined airflow channel passing through the hammer blade, so that the length of the airflow passing through the inclined airflow channel is prolonged, the airflow passing time is prolonged, the residence time of materials in a crushing area is prolonged, the chance of the materials striking the hammer blade is increased, and the crushing effect is improved.
In order to further solve the technical problem of low crushing efficiency of the crusher, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the circumferential edge of the crushing disc is provided with a flow guiding piece, and the flow guiding piece is used for guiding the materials on the crushing disc to the impact surface of the hammer knife.
Under the action of centrifugal force, the material flows to the areas of the hammer knife and the gear ring, the flow guide piece can impact the material and guide the flow direction of the material, so that the material is impacted to the main crushing surface of the hammer knife, the utilization rate of the hammer knife is improved, and the crushing effect is enhanced. In addition, the high-speed moving guide piece has a strong shearing action on the materials, so that turbulence and logistics are generated in the original material circulation area, the circulation layer is destroyed, the stay time of the materials in the hammer knife area is prolonged, and the crushing efficiency is increased.
The second object of the invention is to provide a material crushing method, which solves the technical problem of low classification efficiency of the existing crushing method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme that the material crushing method is realized by using the superfine crusher;
the materials enter the crushing mechanism, and the matched gear ring and the hammer knife are utilized to crush the materials;
the crushing disc rotates to generate centrifugal force, crushed materials are thrown to the gear ring under the action of the centrifugal force, a material circulation layer is formed between the gear ring and the hammer knife, large-particle materials are close to the gear ring, and small-particle materials are far away from the gear ring;
the large granular material close to the gear ring rises upwards under the action of rising air flow, and after being blocked by the gear ring blocking piece, the large granular material rebounds back to the space between the gear ring and the hammer blade to be crushed again;
small particle materials far away from the gear ring are guided upwards to enter the grading mechanism through the inclined rib plates under the driving of ascending air flow, and qualified particles of the diameter particles are screened out through the grading mechanism; and screening unqualified materials by the grading mechanism, and then, falling the materials onto the crushing disc, and guiding the materials to the impact surface of the hammer knife by the guide piece for crushing again.
According to the crushing method, in the process of crushing materials, the crushing range of the hammer cutter is larger, the crushing effect is stronger, large-particle materials are more difficult to enter the classification wheel, the classification efficiency is higher, the mobility of the crushed materials in the crushing chamber is stronger, the qualified materials are discharged more rapidly, the secondary crushing cycle period of unqualified materials is shorter, the efficiency is higher, and the yield of qualified materials meeting the requirements in the same time is higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the external structure of an ultra-fine pulverizer of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the ultra-fine pulverizer of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the shredder plate of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the shredder plate of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the portion A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of a gear ring of the ultra-fine pulverizer of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the flow dividing cover of the superfine pulverizer of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the crushing disc, the gear ring and the hammer knife of the superfine crusher;
fig. 9 is an enlarged view of the portion B in fig. 8.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the ultrafine grinder of the present invention comprises a feeding mechanism 1, a grinding mechanism 2, a classifying mechanism 3 and a transmission mechanism 4.
The crushing mechanism includes a crushing chamber 27, a crushing disc 20, a hammer blade 21, and a gear ring 22.
The shredder plate 20 is mounted on the upper end of the shredder mechanism spindle and is rotatable with the spindle at a high speed. The hammer blades 21 are screwed to the peripheral edge of the shredder plate 20.
As shown in fig. 2, 6, 8 and 9, the gear ring 22 is fixed on the inner wall of the crushing chamber 27, the gear ring 22 comprises a tooth ridge 221 and an upper flange 222, and the upper flange 222 forms a blocking member for blocking the ascending large-particle material and rebounding the large-particle material to the gap area between the gear ring and the hammer blade for secondary crushing. A gap is arranged between the hammer knife 21 and the gear ring 22, and the ascending air flow is blown upwards from the air inlet of the purifying air chamber at the lower part of the crushing chamber.
Working principle: the shredder plate 21 rotates at a high speed, driving the airflow and material to rotate at a high speed. The material moves outwards under the effect of centrifugal force and ascending air current, forms the material circulation layer between ring gear 22 and hammer sword 21, and the material that the quality is big is in the outside, and the material that the quality is little is inboard, and the material after smashing has radial layering effect. The part closest to the gear ring 22 is the outermost particle with large mass, the diameter of the particle is larger than that of the standard, the particle rises upwards under the action of upward air flow, and the particle is blocked by the upper blocking edge 222 and then bounces back to the areas of the gear ring 22 and the hammer knife 21 to be crushed again, so that the large particle material can be crushed for multiple times. The material that is not covered by the upper lip 222 is relatively small in diameter and this portion of the material enters the classifier wheel area directly under the influence of the upward air flow. By the action of the rim 222 on the ring gear, the large particulate material reaching the classification wheel area is reduced, increasing the classification efficiency.
Example 2
The main crushing mode of the single hammer blade of the existing superfine crusher depends on the impact effect, the impact frequency and the impact area are limited, the overall distribution position of the hammer blade is fixed, the crushing disc surface has no other crushing structure, and the crushing work efficiency is limited.
To solve the above technical problems, the hammer knife 21 of the superfine pulverizer comprises a hammer knife impact surface 211, a hammer knife outer side tooth 212 and a hammer knife inner side tooth 213 as shown in fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5.
The hammer blade impact surface 211 is provided on an end surface of the hammer blade 21 in the circumferential direction of the shredder plate for shredding the material between the adjacent hammer blades 21.
The hammer blade outer side teeth 212 are provided outside the hammer blade 21 for striking and crushing the material between the hammer blade 21 and the ring gear 22.
The hammer blade inner side teeth 213 are provided inside the hammer blade 21 for crushing the hammer blade inner side material.
The inner corners of the hammer blade impact surface 211, the hammer blade outer teeth 212, and the hammer blade inner teeth 213 are all made of an alloy material, and are fixed to the hammer blade 1 by welding.
When the material enters the superfine grinding chamber 5, the material falls into the hammer knife area below the feed inlet, a part of the material falls on the hammer knife 21 and is directly crashed by collision with the hammer knife impact surface 211 rotating at high speed, a part of the material enters the inner side of the hammer knife 21, and the material is thrown outwards under the action of centrifugal force and crashed by collision with the teeth 213 at the inner side of the hammer knife. The material is driven by centrifugal force and air flow to rotate at high speed and is thrown to the gear ring 22 area of the crushing cavity wall, so that a material circulation which is equivalent to the gear ring 22 in height is formed, and the material between the hammer knife 21 and the gear ring 22 collides with the tooth 212 on the outer side of the hammer knife for crushing.
The impact surface 211 of the hammer blade is grid-shaped, has bulges and depressions, has a relatively large friction coefficient, and has a friction effect in addition to the collision effect of materials. The material is smashed through collision and friction two kinds of effects, has promoted crushing efficiency. And because of the grid-shaped impact surface, the surface area is increased, the residence time of the material on the impact surface is increased, the friction action time is further increased, and the crushing effect is improved.
Hammer knife outer side teeth 212 and hammer knife inner side teeth 213 are added on two sides of the hammer knife. The material impacted by the hammer blade impact surface 211 is further sheared and crushed by the hammer blade outer side teeth 212 and the hammer blade inner side teeth 213.
The outer teeth 212 and the inner teeth 213 are inclined upward, which leads the upward velocity vector of the material to increase, facilitating the material flow into the classification area and accelerating the material flow.
The crushed material is thrown to the gear ring area of the crushing cavity wall under the action of centrifugal force, and is driven by upward air flow to enter the classifying wheel area upwards, qualified particles of the diameter particles are screened out through the classifying wheel, and unqualified particles of the diameter particles enter the crushing area again for cyclic crushing.
Example 3
In the existing superfine pulverizer: the material forms material circulation at the height of the existing gear ring, and because the height of the hammer blade is lower than that of the gear ring, only the lower layer part of the material circulation can be impacted by the hammer blade for multiple times. The part of the upper layer part of the material circulation, which is higher than the height of the hammer knife, can idle and is not impacted by the hammer knife any more, so that the crushing efficiency is reduced.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the hammer structure of the superfine pulverizer of embodiment 2 is further improved, as shown in fig. 2, 3, 4 and 5, a striking column 214 is additionally arranged on the upper end face of the hammer, specifically: the upper end face of the hammer knife is provided with a large countersunk hole, a striking column 214 is arranged in the large countersunk hole, and the striking column is fixed on the crushing disc 20 through threaded connection. The striking pin 214 is axially disposed along the shredder plate 20. The striking pin 214 cooperates with the gear ring 22 for crushing material above the height of the hammer blade.
When the material enters the superfine grinding chamber 27, the material falls into the hammer knife area below the feed inlet, a part of the material falls on the hammer knife 21, directly collides with the hammer knife impact surface 211 and the striking column 214 rotating at high speed for grinding, and a part of the material enters the inner side of the hammer knife 21, is thrown outwards under the action of centrifugal force and collides with the teeth 13 on the inner side of the hammer knife for grinding. The material is driven by centrifugal force and air flow to rotate at high speed and is thrown to the gear ring 22 area of the crushing cavity wall, so that a material circulation which is equivalent to the gear ring 22 in height is formed, and the material between the hammer knife 21 and the gear ring 22 collides with the tooth 212 on the outer side of the hammer knife for crushing.
Example 4
In the existing superfine pulverizer: and part of materials just entering the crushing chamber directly enter the classifying wheel region without passing through the hammer cutter crushing region or just preliminary crushing under the action of ascending air flow of the gap between the gear ring and the hammer cutter, so that the screening burden of the classifying wheel is increased, and the overall crushing efficiency is reduced. Before the material enters the classifying wheel through the diversion cover diversion, part of the material is blocked by the vertical rib plates between the inner ring and the outer ring of the diversion cover, and piled materials are formed at the rib plates, so that the fluidity of the material is affected, and the crushing yield is reduced.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the flow dividing cover 24 of the ultra-fine pulverizer is improved to include an outer ring 240 and a conical cover 241 as shown in fig. 2 and 7. The diverter housing 24 is secured to the crushing chamber by a securing cylinder 246.
The outer race 240 is provided with a feed hole 2401. The two sides of the feed inlet are provided with feed inlet baffles 242, a feed inlet baffle 243 is fixedly connected between the two feed inlet baffles 242, and the feed inlet baffle 243 and the feed inlet baffles 242 form an inverted U-shaped or H-shaped structure.
An inclined rib plate 244 is connected between the outer ring 240 and the conical cover 241. The inclined rib 244 is disposed spirally upward along the direction of rotation of the shredder plate 20 for guiding the material to the classification mechanism. The inclined rib plates 244 have guiding function, and the inclined rising angle of the inclined rib plates 244 is consistent with the flow direction of the material flow driven by the crushing disc 20. Vertical rib plates 245 are distributed on the inner side of the conical cover 241 along the circumferential direction.
Working principle: the feed port baffle 242 prevents the raw powder material in the crushing chamber just entering from being directly brought into the classifying wheel area under the action of the upward air flow, the feed port baffle 243 ensures that the material falls into the effective crushing section of the hammer knife 21 on the crushing disc 20 after entering the crushing chamber, reduces the material from falling into other areas without crushing structures, and increases the crushing efficiency; the crushed materials after being crushed by the gear ring 22 of the hammer knife 21 are obliquely lifted along the inclined rib plates 244 on the outer side of the conical cover 241, so that the flowability of the materials in the crushing chamber is increased, the resistance is reduced, the speed of the cycle of crushing > splitting > grading > re-crushing is accelerated, the times of beating the materials are increased within the same time, and the crushing efficiency is increased; unqualified large-particle materials which do not pass through the classifying wheel pass through the inner side of the flow dividing cover and flow downwards along the spiral of the downward flow guiding surface and return to the crushing disc 20 again for secondary crushing, vertical rib plates 245 distributed on the circumference of the inner side of the conical cover destroy a circulation layer formed by the secondary crushing materials, improve the speed difference between the secondary crushing materials and the hammer knife rotating at high speed, and improve the striking impact effect of the hammer knife on the materials.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 2, 8 and 9, the ring gear 22 is fixed to the inner wall of the pulverizing chamber 27, the hammer blades 21 are fixed to the pulverizing disk 20, the longitudinal section of the pulverizing disk 20 is trapezoidal, and an annular wedge is provided on the ring gear. A gap is formed between the shredder plate 20 and the gear ring 22 to form an air flow channel 26, and the ascending air flow of the purifying air chamber is blown out of the air flow channel 26. The air flow channel 26 is a sloped channel opening with the air outlet angle facing the direction of the hammer blade. In addition, the installation guide strips 25 are fixed on the crushing disc 20, the guide strips 25 are made of wear-resistant materials, the number of the guide strips 25 is 2-3, and the direction of the guide strips 25 points to the impact surface 211 of the hammer knife.
Working principle: an air flow channel 26 is obliquely arranged between the gear ring 22 and the crushing disc 20, the air flow channel 26 is connected with an air supplementing port, and air inflow is supplemented to drive materials to enter the classifying wheel area upwards. Here the air flow channel 26 is inclined inwardly and the outlet is facing the hammer blade 21. The air flow is changed from the traditional vertical direction to the inclined direction, and the material is blown to the hammer knife 21 for crushing again. The whole air flow is inclined upwards, so that the chance of the impact of the material on the hammer blade is increased, meanwhile, the ascending air flow is prolonged in the path, the residence time of the material in the crushing area is prolonged, and the chance of the impact of the material and the hammer blade is increased. After the material is crushed, the material upwards enters a classification area, large particles with unqualified granularity fall back to a crushing disc, flow towards the areas of the hammer knife 21 and the gear ring 22 under the action of centrifugal force, and the guide strips 25 can strike the material and guide the flow direction of the material, so that the material is collided to the main crushing surface of the hammer knife, the utilization rate of the hammer knife is improved, and the crushing effect is enhanced. In addition, the high-speed moving guide strips 25 have a strong shearing action on the materials, so that turbulence and logistics are generated in the original material circulation area, the circulation layer is destroyed, the stay time of the materials in the hammer knife area is prolonged, and the crushing efficiency is increased.
Claims (9)
1. Superfine pulverizer, including crushing mechanism, characterized by includes:
the crushing disc is rotatably arranged on the crushing mechanism;
the hammer knife is fixedly connected to the circumferential edge of the crushing disc; the hammer blade includes:
the hammer knife impact surface is arranged on the end surface of the hammer knife along the circumferential direction of the crushing disc and is used for crushing materials between adjacent hammer knives;
the hammer cutter outer side teeth are obliquely upwards arranged at the outer side of the hammer cutter and are used for colliding and crushing materials between the hammer cutter and the gear ring;
the hammer knife inner side teeth are obliquely upwards arranged at the inner side of the hammer knife and are used for crushing materials at the inner side of the hammer knife;
the gear ring is fixedly connected to the crushing mechanism, and is matched with the hammer knife and used for crushing materials; the top plate of the gear ring is provided with a ring plate-shaped blocking piece for blocking ascending large-particle materials and rebounding the large-particle materials to the gap area between the gear ring and the hammer knife for secondary crushing.
2. The ultra-fine pulverizer of claim 1, wherein the hammer blade further comprises:
the striking column is axially arranged on the hammer knife along the crushing disc.
3. The ultra-fine pulverizer of claim 1 or 2, wherein the impact surface of the hammer blade is in a grid shape, and the impact surface of the hammer blade is provided with a convex portion and a concave portion for friction pulverizing materials.
4. The ultra-fine pulverizer of claim 1, further comprising a classification mechanism disposed above the pulverizing tray, the pulverizing mechanism further comprising a diverter housing having a feed inlet baffle for preventing feed from directly entering the classification mechanism.
5. The micronizer according to claim 4, wherein the diverter housing comprises an outer ring and a conical housing connected by an inclined web configured to be disposed spirally upward along the rotation of the pulverizer housing for guiding the material to the classifying mechanism.
6. The ultra-fine pulverizer of claim 4, wherein the diverter housing is internally provided with vertical ribs.
7. The ultra-fine pulverizer of claim 1, wherein the pulverizer bowl and the gear ring are configured to define an air flow channel therebetween for directing an external air flow and blowing material toward the hammer blade.
8. The ultra-fine pulverizer of claim 1, wherein the pulverizer bowl is provided with a deflector at its upper circumferential edge for directing material on the pulverizer bowl toward the hammer blade impact surface.
9. A method of comminuting materials, characterized in that it is carried out using an ultrafine mill according to any one of claims 1 to 8; the method comprises the following steps:
the materials enter the crushing mechanism, and the matched gear ring and the hammer knife are utilized to crush the materials;
the crushing disc rotates to generate centrifugal force, crushed materials are thrown to the gear ring under the action of the centrifugal force, a material circulation layer is formed between the gear ring and the hammer knife, large-particle materials are close to the gear ring, and small-particle materials are far away from the gear ring;
the large granular material close to the gear ring rises upwards under the action of rising air flow, and after being blocked by the gear ring blocking piece, the large granular material rebounds back to the space between the gear ring and the hammer blade to be crushed again;
small particle materials far away from the gear ring are guided upwards to enter a classification mechanism through an inclined rib plate under the driving of ascending air flow, and qualified particles of the particles are screened out through the classification mechanism; and screening unqualified materials by the grading mechanism, falling onto the crushing disc, and guiding the materials to the impact surface of the hammer knife by the guide piece for crushing again.
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| CN115069356B (en) * | 2022-06-17 | 2023-10-24 | 江苏邦鼎科技有限公司 | Superfine pulverizer with multiple crushing functions |
| CN116351515A (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-06-30 | 五矿勘查开发有限公司 | Graphite spheroidization equipment and graphite spheroidization production line |
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