RU2456802C2 - Spring wheat growth stimulation method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture. The method of stimulating growth of spring wheat involves seed treatment with 0.005% aqueous solution of a preparation of formula: H₃BO₃*4R¹R²NC(S)NR³R⁴, where R¹=R²=R³=R⁴=CH₃ ("БТТМ"); R¹=C₆H₅, R²=R³=H, R⁴=(CH₂)₃OH (BFPA); R¹=o-CH₃C₆H₄, R²=R³=H, R⁴=(CH₂)₃OH (BTPA), and vegetative plants are also sprayed with the same preparation during the tillering period at usage rate of 200 g/ha.

EFFECT: invention reduces spread of spot blight, increases plant survival rate and increases spring wheat yield.

5 tbl, 4 ex

Description

The invention relates to crop production, and in particular to chemical means of stimulating plant growth based on organoboron compounds.

A known method of stimulating the growth of spring wheat by pre-sowing seed treatment with a BTTM preparation of the formula H ₃ BO ₃ * 4 (CH ₃ ) ₂ NC (S) N (CH ₃ ) ₂ (patent RU No. 2179806, class A01N 59/14, publ. 2002) . The disadvantage of this drug is its low effectiveness.

The closest analogue is the use of the formula H ₃ BO ₃ * 4 - RC ₆ H ₄ NHC (S) NH (CH ₂ ) ₃ OH, where R = H (BFPA) or CH ₃ (BFPA) as a growth promoter, (RU patent No. 2372778, CL A01N 59/14, publ. 2009).

However, these stimulants are not effective enough.

The technical result of the invention is to reduce the spread of root rot, increase plant survival, the net productivity of photosynthesis, the accumulation of dry matter during the growing season and, as a result, increase the yield of spring wheat.

The invention consists in additional spraying of spring wheat in the phase of the beginning of tillering with a preparation of the formula H ₃ BO ₃ * 4R ¹ R ² NC (S) NR ³ R ⁴ , where R ¹ = R ² = R ³ = R ⁴ = CH ₃ (BTTM) ; R ¹ = C ₆ H ₅ , R = R ³ = H, R ⁴ = (CH ₂ ) ₃ OH (BFPA); R ¹ = o-CH ₃ C ₆ H ₄ , R ² = R ³ = H, R ⁴ = (CH ₂ ) ₃ OH (BTPA).

A test of the physiological activity of the preparations was carried out under field experiments in 2005-2007.

Irgin seeds of spring wheat were etched 3-5 days before sowing with 0.005% aqueous solutions of the preparations with a consumption rate of 10 l / t.

Additional spraying of vegetative plants at the stage of tillering was carried out with 0.005% solutions of the same preparations with a flow rate of 200 l / ha. Control - no processing.

The invention is confirmed by the following examples.

Example 1. Tests of the influence of the method of stimulating the growth of spring wheat on the spread of root rot was carried out by phytopathological analysis.

Disease distribution (P) was calculated by the formula:

P = a / N * 100,

where a is the number of diseased plants;

N is the total number of plants.

The research results are presented in table 1. The data in table 1 indicate that additional spraying of plants with BTTM, BFPA or BTPA preparations reduces the spread of root rot. In the seedling-tillering phase, additional spraying of plants with BTTM reduces the spread of root rot by 8% (from 89% to 81%, BTTM etchant); by 3% (from 96% to 93%, BFPA treater); by 7% (from 97% to 90%, BTPA protectant). And before cleaning - by 7% (from 84% to 77%, BTTM disinfectant); by 7% (from 91% to 84%, BFPA protectant); by 8% (from 94% to 86%, BTPA disinfectant).

In the seedling-tillering phase, additional treatment of plants with BFPA reduces the spread of root rot by 3% (from 89% to 86%, BTTM etchant); by 3% (from 96% to 93%, BFPA treater); by 10% (from 97% to 87%, BTPA disinfectant). And before cleaning - by 2% (from 84% to 82%, BTTM disinfectant); by 4% (from 91% to 87%, BFPA treater); by 11% (from 94% to 83%, BTPA disinfectant).

In the sprouting-tillering phase, additional spraying of plants with BTPA reduces the spread of root rot by 6% (from 89% to 83%, BTTM etchant); 2% (from 96% to 94%, BFPA disinfectant); by 6% (from 97% to 91%, BTPA disinfectant). And before cleaning - by 3% (from 84% to 81%, BTTM disinfectant); by 4% (from 91% to 87%, BFPA treater); by 7% (from 94% to 87%, BTPA disinfectant).

Example 2. Testing the influence of a method of stimulating the growth of spring wheat on plant survival.

Plant survival was calculated by the formula:

X = n / m

where n is the number of plants in the stage of full ripeness, pieces / m ² ;

m is the number of plants in the stage of complete germination, pcs / m ² .

The research results are presented in table 2. The data in table 2 indicate that the additional spraying of vegetative plants with BTTM, BFPA or BTPA increases the survival of plants compared to pickling. Additional spraying of plants with BTTM increases plant survival by 2% (from 101% to 103%, BTTM etchant); by 1% (from 103% to 104%, BFPA protectant); by 4% (from 103% to 107%, BTPA protectant).

Additional spraying of plants with BFPA increases plant survival by 3% (from 101% to 104%, BTTM etchant); by 4% (from 103% to 107%, BFPA protectant); by 4% (from 103% to 107%, BTPA protectant).

Additional spraying of plants with BTPA increases the survival of plants by 2% (from 101% to 103%, BTTM etchant); by 4% (from 103% to 107%, BFPA protectant); by 5% (from 103% to 108%, BTPA protectant).

Example 3. The test of the influence of the method of stimulating the growth of spring wheat by the accumulation of dry matter in vegetating plants during the phases of bumping and earing was carried out by the weight method described by A. A. Nichiporovich (Photosynthetic activity of plants in crops (methods and tasks of accounting in connection with the formation of the crop) A .A. Nichiporovich, Moscow: USSR Academy of Sciences, 1961.35 p.).

The test results are presented in table 3. The data in table 3 indicate that the additional spraying of plants with BTTM, BFPA or BTPA preparations increases the accumulation of dry matter by plants in the phases of bumping and heading compared to pickling.

An additional spraying of plants with BTTM increases the accumulation of dry matter in the bumping phase by 6% (from 108% to 114%, BTTM treater); 20% (from 101% to 121%, BFPA protectant); by 13% (from 101% to 114%, BTPA disinfectant). And in the earing phase - by 49% (from 133% to 182%, BTTM disinfectant); 16% (from 119% to 137%, BFPA protectant); 79% (from 127% to 206%, BTPA disinfectant).

Additional spraying of the plants with BFPA increases the accumulation of dry matter in the bumping phase by 23% (from 108% to 131%, BTTM treater); by 7% (from 101% to 108%, BFPA protectant); by 5% (from 101% to 106%, BTPA protectant). And in the earing phase - by 43% (from 133% to 176%, BTTM disinfectant); by 4% (from 119% to 123%, BFPA protectant); by 2% (from 127% to 129%, BTPA disinfectant).

Additional spraying of plants with BTPA increases the accumulation of dry matter in the bumping phase by 13% (from 108% to 121%, BTTM treater); 16% (from 101% to 117%, BFPA treater); 21% (from 101% to 122%, BTPA protectant). And at the heading stage - by 42% (from 133% to 175%, BTTM treater); by 14% (from 119% to 133%, BFPA protectant); 13% (from 127% to 140%, BTPA disinfectant).

Example 4. Tests of the influence of the method of stimulating the growth of spring wheat on the net productivity of photosynthesis were carried out by the weight method described by A. A. Nichiporovich (Photosynthetic activity of plants in crops (methods and tasks of accounting in connection with the formation of the crop) A. A. Nichiporovich. M .: USSR Academy of Sciences, 1961.35 p.). The test results are presented in table 4.

The data in table 4 indicate that additional spraying of vegetative plants with BTTM, BFPA, or BTPA preparations increases the net productivity of photosynthesis compared to pure etching.

Additional plant spraying with BTTM increases the net productivity of photosynthesis by 30% (from 109% to 139%, BTTM etchant); by 2% (from 107% to 109%, BFPA protectant); 48% (from 103% to 151%, BTPA disinfectant).

Additional spraying of plants with BFPA increases the net productivity of photosynthesis by 9% (from 109% to 118%, BTTM etchant); by 2% (from 107% to 109%, BFPA protectant); by 3% (from 103% to 106%, BTPA protectant).

Additional spraying of plants with BTPA increases the net productivity of photosynthesis by 34% (from 109% to 143%, BTTM etchant); by 8% (from 107% to 115%, BFPA protectant); by 7% (from 103% to 110%, BTPA disinfectant).

The data in table 5 indicate that additional spraying of seeds with BTTM, BFPA or BTPA preparations increases the yield of spring wheat.

Additional spraying of plants with BTTM increases the yield of spring wheat by 8% (from 153% to 161%, BTTM treater); by 14% (from 129% to 143%, BFPA treater); by 14% (from 137% to 151%, BTPA disinfectant).

Additional spraying of the plants with BFPA increases the yield of spring wheat by 5% (from 153% to 158%, BTTM treater); by 4% (from 129% to 133%, BFPA protectant); by 7% (from 137% to 144%, BTPA disinfectant).

Additional spraying of plants with BTPA increases the yield of spring wheat by 6% (from 153% to 159%, BTTM treater); by 11% (from 129% to 140%, BFPA protectant); 13% (from 137% to 150%, BTPA disinfectant).

The increase in yield is due to an increase in the number of grains in the ear and ear productivity.

The proposed method leads to a decrease in the spread of root rot and increased plant survival, the net productivity of photosynthesis, the accumulation of dry matter during the growing season and, as a result, increased productivity.

Table 1 Processing method The distribution of root rot in the phases of vegetation,% disinfectant sprayer seedlings - tillering before cleaning absolute value deviation from control absolute value deviation from control control (without processing) 70 one hundred 77 one hundred BTTM - 62 89 65 84 BTTM 57 81 59 77 BFPA 60 86 63 82 BTPA 58 83 62 81 BFPA - 67 96 70 91 BTTM 65 93 65 84 BFPA 65 93 67 87 BTPA 66 94 67 87 BTPA - 68 97 72 94 BTTM 63 90 66 86 BFPA 61 87 64 83 BTPA 64 91 67 87

table 2 Processing method Plant survival,% disinfectant sprayer absolute value deviation from control control (without processing) 67 one hundred BTTM - 68 101 BTTM 69 103 BFPA 70 104 BTPA 69 103 BFPA - 69 103 BTTM 70 104 BFPA 71 107 BTPA 71 107 BTPA - 69 103 BTTM 71 107 BFPA 71 107 BTPA 72 108

Table 3 Processing method The accumulation of dry matter in the phases of vegetation,% disinfectant sprayer trumpeting heading absolute value, g / m ² deviation from control,% absolute value, g / m ² deviation from control,% control (without processing) 144 one hundred 153 one hundred BTTM - 156 108 204 133 BTTM 164 114 279 182 BFPA 188 131 269 176 BTPA 174 121 267 175 BFPA - 145 101 173 119 BTTM 174 121 209 137 BFPA 156 108 188 123 BTPA 168 117 204 133 BTPA - 145 101 195 127 BTTM 164 114 314 206 BFPA 153 106 198 129 BTPA 175 122 214 140

Table 4 Processing method Pure photosynthesis productivity disinfectant sprayer absolute value, g / m ² per day deviation from control,% control (without processing) 2.70 one hundred BTTM - 2.95 109 BTTM 3.74 139 BFPA 3.19 118 BTPA 3.86 143 BFPA - 2.89 107 BTTM 2.95 109 BFPA 2.95 109 BTPA 3.10 115 BTPA - 2.78 103 BTTM 4.08 151 BFPA 2.87 106 BTPA 2.98 110

Table 5 Processing method Productivity Generative elements of productivity disinfectant sprayer absolute value, t / ha deviation from control,% the number of grains in the ear, pcs. spike productivity, g control (without processing) 1,53 one hundred eighteen 0.57 BTTM - 2,34 153 twenty 0.65 BTTM 2.47 161 21 0.66 BFPA 2.41 158 21 0.66 BTPA 2.44 159 22 0.69 BFPA - 1.97 129 19 0.60 BTTM 2.19 143 twenty 0.63 BFPA 2.04 133 twenty 0.63 BTPA 2.14 140 21 0.64 BTPA - 2.09 137 twenty 0.65 BTTM 2,31 151 21 0.67 BFPA 2.21 144 21 0.70 BTPA 2.29 150 22 0.68

Claims (1)

A method of stimulating the growth of spring wheat, including seed treatment with a 0.005% aqueous solution of a preparation of the formula:
H ₃ BO ₃ · 4R ¹ R ² NC (S) NR ³ R ⁴ ,
where R ¹ = R ² = R ³ = R ⁴ = CH ₃ (BTTM);
R ¹ = C ₆ H ₅ , R ² = R ³ = H, R ⁴ = (CH ₂ ) ₃ OH (BFPA);
R ¹ = o-CH ₃ C ₆ H ₄ , R ² = R ³ = H, R ⁴ = (CH ₂ ) ₃ OH (BTPA),
characterized in that they additionally spray vegetative plants with the same preparations in the tillering phase with a flow rate of 200 l / ha.