RU2453590C1 - METHOD OF GROWING Lentinula edodes Berk. MYCELIUM - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: method of growing Lentinula edodes. Berk myceliuminvolves inoculation of Lentinula edodes. Berk mycelium on a culture medium and selecting primary mycelium. The growth stimulant used is selective light with wavelength 430-480 nm, intensity 70-150 mcmol/cm²·s and exposure time of 1-60 minutes. Lentinula edodes. Berk mycelium is grown at temperature 24-26°C or 10-12 days. With exposure time of 30 minutes, the output of air-dry mass of mycelium is 72 mg.

EFFECT: method increases output of the air-dry mass of mycelium.

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Description

The invention relates to biotechnology and agricultural production, in particular to mushroom growing. A known method of growing Boletus edulis mycelium, which involves sowing the basidiospores of Boletus edulis fungus on a nutrient medium, incubating them until a primary mycelium is formed, the formed primary mycelium is selected, introduced into a container with a nutrient medium and incubated in the dark at a temperature of 20-24 ° C to 30 days with the formation on the surface of the mycelium. The disadvantage of this method is the duration of the process. A known method of growing mycelium of higher fungi, including sowing basidiospores on a nutrient medium and incubating them until the formation of mycelium. A pre-pasteurized or sterilized substrate is mixed with mycelium and introduced into a rigid culturing container lined with a flexible pad with waterproof properties inside. Germination of mycelium occurs inside a closed flexible laying space in conditions of high humidity and microaerophilic conditions, which is optimal for the development of substrate mycelium (RU, patent 2101913, class A01G 1/04, 1998). The disadvantage of this method is its significant complexity and technological complexity of the stages of this method, which significantly increases the duration of the method and increases material costs. The closest is a method of growing the fungus Lentinula edodes Berk., Including the preparation of mycelium on a solid agarized nutrient medium (see Stamets P. Growing gourmet and medical mushrooms. Oxford. 1993). The disadvantage of this method is the duration of the process and its high cost.

The objective of the present invention is to develop a method for growing mycelium Lentinula edodes Berk., Reducing the time of growing primary mycelium, as well as increasing the air-dry mass of mycelium without any chemical additives, which allows you to grow environmentally friendly product with competitive properties.

The object of our research was the Shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes Berk.), A traditional delicacy mushroom in the countries of Southeast Asia. Shiitake has now grown in popularity due to its valuable healing properties. Shiitake contains a unique set of micro and macro elements, essential amino acids, fiber, chitin, proteins, polysaccharides and vitamins of groups B, C, D, PP. Vitamin D in this fungus can be contained 4 times more than in the cod liver.

For modern medicine, this species is interesting for its strong immunomodulating effect, and polysaccharides, such as lentinan and emitanin, exhibit a strong antitumor effect, and the latter is patented in Japan as an anti-cancer agent. Eating these mushrooms as food significantly reduces the risk of atherosclerosis due to their ability to lower blood cholesterol, slows down the development of malignant tumors, and regulates the immune system. The substances contained in them, among other things, have antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal properties (Medicinal Mushrooms, 1995).

The proposed method for growing mycelium is implemented as follows: In the claimed invention, a standard, agarized nutrient medium (Malt Extract Agar from Mycomedia) is used, which is prepared by adding the required amount of distilled water to it and autoclaving for 15-30 minutes at 1-1.5 atm.

To grow mycelium, glass Petri dishes are used, after preliminary sterilization in a dry heat oven for 2 h 20 min at 160 ° C, they are cooled and the medium is poured so that the bottom of the cup is completely covered by 1-2 mm, this and all further procedures are carried out in sterile conditions (laminar box).

The cups are left for a while in the laminar box (for 10-15 minutes), so that the medium freezes. On a frozen nutrient medium, a mycelium of a certain strain of Lentinula edodes Berk is planted in the center of a Petri dish. After sowing, the Petri dishes are closed with parafilm (a film for sealing open vessels), and expired for 24 hours in the dark at a temperature of 24-26 ° С. The next step is to stimulate growth with selective light with a wavelength of 430-480 nm, for 1-60 minutes daily, at a temperature of 24-26 ° C, while the cups are placed on special light installations (the light installation is a rack with shelves adjustable in height , each of which has a backlight, the lamps are located in a horizontal plane, on top, the installation is covered with a dark, non-permeable fabric on all sides, thereby excluding the penetration of daylight or any other light during the experiment), the rest of the time cups are in the dark at the same temperature. This procedure continues until the substrate surface is completely fouled (10-12 days). Figure 1 shows the difference in the readings of the air-dry mass of the mycelium Lentinula edodes Berk., Grown under 30 minutes of illumination with blue selective light. Figure 2 presents the data of a 10-12 day experiment with Lentinula edodes Berk. Mycelium grown under daily illumination with blue selective light, which differs from the control data grown in the dark.

The following are examples of specific embodiments of the invention.

Example 1. A culture of Shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes Berk.) Is grown in Petri dishes on an agarized nutrient medium (Malt Extract Agar from Mycomedia), at a temperature of 24-26 ° C. As an inoculum, a piece of agar medium with a culture of 5 × 5 mm is used, which is placed in the center of a Petri dish with medium. The culture is incubated in the dark, daily illuminating for 1 min with blue selective light (430 nm), intensity 70 μmol / cm ² · s., At a temperature of 24-26 ° C until the surface of the substrate is completely overgrown. Duration of cultivation is 10-12 days.

Example 2. A culture of Shiitake mushroom (Lentinula edodes Berk.) Is grown in Petri dishes on an agarized nutrient medium (Malt Extract Agar from Mycomedia), at a temperature of 24-26 ° C. As an inoculum, a piece of agar medium with a culture of 5 × 5 mm is used, which is placed in the center of a Petri dish with medium. The culture is incubated in the dark, daily illuminating for 60 min with blue selective light (480 nm), intensity 150 μmol / cm ² · s, at a temperature of 24-26 ° C until the surface of the substrate is completely overgrown. Duration of cultivation is 10-12 days.

Using this method of growing can significantly accelerate the release of mycelium, without damaging it at the stage of growth by lower fungi, due to the complete sterility of the process, as well as the absence of chemical additives for cultivation, it can ensure its ecological purity and also increase the yield of air-dry mass of mycelium.

Claims (1)

A method of growing mycelium of the fungus Lentinula edodes Berk., Comprising planting mycelium Lentinula edodes Berk. on a nutrient medium and selection of primary mycelium, characterized in that selective light with a wavelength of 430-480 nm, an intensity of 70-150 μmol / cm ² · s and a lighting time of 1-60 minutes, at a temperature of 24-26 is used as a growth stimulator ° C for 10-12 days.

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