RU2453429C2 - Method to manufacture building blocks and device for its realisation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction industry and may be used to erect industrial and civil facilities. The blocks are manufactured in the following manner. Blocks are pressed on a plasticised mixture for protection against various external effects at internal and external walls of buildings. Fragments of thermomelting plastic are picked from domestic garbage and recyclable materials, melted, the liquid plastic is mixed with dry sand, the mixture is loaded into the extruder, and the plastic mixture is pressed through the extruder dies to form a shaped bar at the outlet. The shaped bar has a slot for fixation of a dovetail type at one side and a ledge for lug-locks at the other side, or a slot at one side and a ledge at the other side for fixation of a dovetail type, or a ledge at one side for fixation of a dovetail type and a smooth surface at the other side. Then the shaped bar is fed to a plate conveyor. The speed of shaped bar feed is adjusted so that its speed is equal to the speed of the plate conveyor. The shaped bar is cut into building blocks of regular height.

EFFECT: using the group of inventions will make it possible to reduce capital and operational expenses in production of building blocks.

2 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the construction industry and can be used in the construction of industrial and civil structures.

A known method of production by extrusion of plates designed to protect building structures from external influences, "BSE" "Soviet Encyclopedia", M., 1974, volume 18, p. 608.

The disadvantage of this method is the high capital and operating costs.

The technical result is a reduction in capital and operating costs.

This is achieved by the fact that fragments of hot-melt plastic are selected from household waste and recyclables; melt it; mix liquid-like plastic with dry sand; load the mixture into the extruder; the plastic mixture is pressed through the extruder matrix with the formation of a profiled beam at the outlet having a groove for fastening a dovetail type on one side and a protrusion for tides and locks on the other hand, or through an extruder matrix with the formation of a profiled bar having a groove at one exit sides and a protrusion on the other hand for fastening the type of "dovetail", or the matrix of the extruder with the formation at the output of a profiled beam having a protrusion on one side for mounting the type of "dovetail" and a smooth surface on the other hand; issue a profiled beam on a plate conveyor; regulate the speed of issuing a profiled beam so that its speed is equal to the speed of the plate conveyor; cut the profiled beam into building tiles of standard height.

A device that implements the proposed method is an extruder with a continuously adjustable electric drive and molding matrix profiled beam having a groove for fastening the type of "dovetail" on one side and a protrusion for tides-locks on the other hand, or a matrix forming a profiled beam having a groove with on one side and a protrusion, on the other hand, for dovetail mounts, or a molding matrix for a profiled beam having a protrusion on one side for dovetail mounts and a smooth surface, on the other hand; a plate conveyor on which a string apparatus is installed for cutting a profile beam into building tiles of standard height.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where:

- figure 1 is a General view of the device;

- figure 2 is a cross section of a profiled beam for the manufacture of formwork building tiles;

- figure 3 is the same for the manufacture of intermediate building tiles;

- figure 4 is the same for the manufacture of tiles.

The proposed method consists in the fact that fragments of hot-melt plastic are selected from garbage and recyclables; melt it; mix liquid-like plastic with dry sand; load the mixture into the extruder; the plastic mixture is pressed through the extruder matrix with the formation of a profiled beam at the exit having a groove for fastening a dovetail type on one side and a protrusion for tidal locks on the other hand, or through an extruder matrix with the formation of a profiled beam having a groove at the exit on one side and a protrusion - on the other hand for dovetail mounts, or an extruder die to form a profiled beam at the outlet, having a protrusion on one side for dovetail mounts a "and a smooth surface - on the other hand; issue a profiled beam on a plate conveyor; regulate the speed of issuing a profiled beam so that its speed is equal to the speed of the plate conveyor; they cut the profiled beam into building tiles of standard height, move them with a plate conveyor through the cooling chamber with a cold shower. Ready-made building tiles are issued for shipment.

A device that implements the proposed method has a furnace 1 for melting fragments of hot-melt plastic, a hopper 2 of dry sand, a mixer 3 for mixing molten plastic with dry sand, an extruder 4 with a screw 5 and a continuously adjustable electric drive 6 connected to the screw 5 through a reducer 7. Extruder 4 has a loading device 8 for loading the mixture. At the exit of the extruder 4, a matrix 9 is installed, which has the purpose of forming the profile of the beam 10, which has a groove 11 for fastening the type of "dovetail" on one side and a protrusion 12 for tides-locks on the other hand, or a matrix 13 having a slot for molding a beam profile 14, which has a groove 15 on one side and a protrusion 16, on the other hand for a dovetail type attachment, or a matrix 17 having a slit for forming a beam profile 118, which has a protrusion for a dovetail type mount sides and smooth surface 20 - with dr the right side, as well as seals 21 at the ends of the beam 18. The extruder 4 is mounted above the plate conveyor 22, on which a profiled beam 10, or - 14, or - 18. is issued. A string apparatus 23 is installed on the frame of the plate conveyor 22, made with the ability to cut from corresponding timber building tiles 24 standard heights.

The operation of the device is as follows.

The electric drive 6 of the extruder 4 is turned on. The plastic mixture is made and loaded into the loading device 8 of the extruder 4. The rotating screw 55 extrudes the plastic mixture into the slot 9, or - 13, or - 17 with the formation of a profiled beam 10, or - 14, or - 18. The electric drive 6, the speed of movement of the profiled beam 10, or - 14, or - 18 is continuously regulated so that it becomes equal to the speed of movement of the plate conveyor 22. The profiled beam 10, or - 14, or - 18 smoothly rests on the plate conveyor 22 without stretching or compression and eremeshaetsya them. Building tiles 24 of standard height are cut from a profiled beam 10, or -14, or -18 by a string apparatus 23, which are moved by a plate conveyor 22 through a cooling chamber with a cold shower. Ready-made building tiles 24 are issued for shipment.

Claims (2)

1. The method of production of building tiles, which consists in the fact that the plates are pressed from a plasticized mixture to protect from various external influences on the internal and external walls of structures, characterized in that fragments of the hot-melt plastic are taken from household waste and recycled materials, melted, and a liquid-like plastic is mixed with dry sand, load the mixture into the extruder, push the plastic mixture through the matrix of the extruder with the formation at the output of a profiled beam having a groove for fastening like "dovetin tail "on one side and a protrusion for tides and locks on the other hand, or through the extruder matrix with the formation at the exit of a profiled beam having a groove on one side and a protrusion on the other side for fastening like a dovetail, or an extruder matrix with the formation on the output of the profiled beam having a protrusion on one side for fastening the type of "dovetail" and a smooth surface on the other hand, issue a profiled beam on a plate conveyor, adjust the speed of issuing a profiled beam in order To his speed was equal to the plate conveyor speed, cut profiled bar for building tiles standard height. 2. A device that implements the method according to claim 1, containing means for pressing, characterized in that it is an extruder with a continuously adjustable electric drive and molding matrix profiled beam having a groove for fastening the type of "dovetail" on one side and a protrusion for tides - locks on the other hand, or a molding matrix of a profiled beam having a groove on one side and a protrusion on the other hand for dovetail mounts, or a molding matrix of a profiled beam having a protrusion with one First side for mounting type "dovetail" and a smooth surface on the other hand, the plate conveyor, on which the string apparatus for cutting the profiled bar for building tiles standard height.

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