RU2452064C1 - Subscriber universal polarisation zigzag antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention may be used in networks of wireless Internet Wi-Fi, WiMAX or digital over-the-air television MMDS, and also in devices of broadband radars operating in frequency ranges of 2-5 GHz. The antenna comprises radiating modules. Modules are installed in one plane in rows and floors. Modules are distanced between each other and are arranged symmetrically relatively to the axis of antenna symmetry. Radiating modules are square-shaped. Conductors of square sides are equal to the half of the average wave length in the working range. There is a frame inscribed into each square. Frames form crossed zigzag structures with a common unit of cross supply from two sources with their inclusion into breaks of common conductors of opposite frames. The antenna has a higher amplification ratio, small dimensions and operates with linear and circular polarisations.

EFFECT: higher amplification ratio, reduced dimensions.

6 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to antenna technology and can be used in wireless Internet networks Wi-Fi, WiMAX or digital terrestrial television MMDS, as well as in devices of broadband radars operating in the frequency ranges of 2-5 GHz.

Known Wi-Fi circular polarization antenna ANT-DC-CP24-12, 0909 (http://WWW.lairdtech.com) in the form of a spatial spiral with a reflector, with a high gain.

A disadvantage of the known antenna is the increased longitudinal size and the use of only circular polarization.

Known antenna TP - LinkTL - ANT2414A (Massorin V.V. How to assemble antennas for communication, television, Wi-Fi with your own hands. - St. Petersburg: Science and Technology, 2011, pp. 109-110), containing a square metalized screen, in front of which in two rows are eight radiating elements with in-phase inclusion.

The disadvantages of the known antenna are the increased linear dimensions of the phased array and the use of only linear polarization.

The closest technical solution is a subscriber antenna (Pat. RF №2368042, publ. 09/20/2009). This antenna contains a phased array of emitters arranged in rows and floors in the form of frames with a perimeter equal to the average wavelength of the main operating range, interconnected during phasing by means of short-circuited loop-vibrators fed at points of zero potential, and a reflective flat screen. When the length of short-circuited loop vibrators 0.2-0.25 medium wavelength series-connected emitters form a linear emitting phased array modules connected to the power supply circuit floor by means of balancing devices.

The disadvantages of this prototype antenna are the use of loop vibrators in the system for providing in-phase power to serially connected emitters, which reduce the electrical characteristics of the antenna, the operation of the phased array only in linear polarization mode, and increased dimensions.

The objective of the invention is to create a phased antenna array with a high gain, small size and work with linear and circular polarizations.

The problem is solved using the proposed antenna design. A subscriber universal polarization zigzag antenna contains emitting modules in the form of squares with sides of conductors equal to half the average wavelength of the operating range, with four frames inscribed inside each square with perimeters equal to the average wavelength of the operating range. The modules form a phased antenna array when spaced apart and located symmetrically with respect to the axis of symmetry of the antenna. The frames inscribed inside the squares have common conductors from the middle of the sides of the squares and external conductors of the halves of their sides. In the center of the radiating modules in gaps, in the middle of the common conductors forming the sides of the inscribed frames, power supplies are connected, which are cross-connected for the opposite frames, which make up the zigzag structure. The mid sides of the squares are connected to the reflective flat screen by wire racks.

In the proposed antenna, the modules forming a phased antenna array and consisting of frames inscribed in a square, with the opposite frames cross-connected, are composed of two zigzag structures with a cross arrangement relative to each other. Each of the zigzag structures, when excited from a separate power source, generates linearly polarized radiation in the direction normal to the emitting module. With a phase shift of the voltage of the sources that excite the cross zigzag structures by 90 degrees, the modules form a circular polarization. During in-phase excitation of such module elements in a phased array, both linear and circular polarization are formed depending on the phase ratios between the excited power sources of the antenna. The width of the radiation pattern in the horizontal and vertical planes with a symmetrical arrangement of the modules relative to the axis of symmetry of the antenna and when installing a reflective flat screen is axisymmetric and perpendicular to the planes of the screen and the phased array. To narrow the width of the antenna pattern and reduce the level of the side and back lobes, the reflective flat screen is additionally equipped with conductive flaps placed at an angle of 120 degrees to the plane of the screen with their extension to the intersection with the plane of the grating. At the same time, crosswise directors are additionally placed in front of the power nodes of each module. The advantage of the proposed antenna is the ability to control polarization modes when changing the phase voltage ratio between the two power circuits, exciting the zigzag structures of the radiating modules during operation, and the ability to control the antenna impedance by changing the distances of the cross-shaped directors from the radiating modules during tuning.

The proposed subscriber universal zigzag antenna is illustrated by the drawings shown in figures 1-4.

Figure 1 presents a General view of the antenna from the front, Figure 2 - a General view of the antenna at an angle, Figure 3 - radiation patterns a) in the horizontal plane and b) in the vertical plane in the frequency band from 2400 to 2500 MHz, in Fig. .4 is a table of electrical characteristics of the antenna.

In figure 1, 2 taken the following positions:

1 - emitting modules;

2 - framework;

3 - node cross power;

4 - zigzag structures;

5 - axis of symmetry of the antenna;

6 - common conductors framework;

7 - conductor racks;

8 - cruciform directors;

9 - reflective flat screen;

10 - conductive sash.

A subscriber universal polarization zigzag antenna consists of radiating modules 1 in the form of squares with sides of conductors equal to half the average wavelength of the operating range. Inside each square, four frames 2 are inscribed with common conductors 6 from the midpoints of the sides of the squares of modules 1 with perimeters equal to the average wavelength of the operating range. Opposite frames inside the square form zigzag structures 4, cross-located inside each module 1. In the center of the emitting modules 1, a node 3 cross-fed from two sources is formed with them included in the breaks of the common conductors of the opposite frames 2. Modules 1 are spaced from each other and are located symmetrically to axis 5 symmetries of the antenna and in front of the reflective flat screen 9 and are strengthened with it using conductive struts 7. For an additional narrowing of the radiation pattern, conductive flaps 10 are installed in const uktsiyu antenna. Conductive flaps 10 are placed around the perimeter of the screen at an angle of 120 degrees to its plane with an extension to the intersection with the plane of the phased array. In addition, to further narrow the radiation pattern, cross-shaped directors 8 are installed in front of the power unit 3 of each module 1. The power supply to the radiating modules 1 can be made by pieces of coaxial cable of equal lengths from the center of the antenna to each module 1 with separation into the nearest racks and along common conductors frames 2 to the power supply unit 3 of module 1, where the central core of the cable is connected to the opposite power point, and the shielded braid is connected to the power point of the gasket conductor. Power to the radiating modules 1 can be carried out using balancing devices (not shown) located behind the screen 9, with the connection of conductors passed through the holes under the power nodes. The conductors of the emitting modules 1 can be structurally made on one of the sides of the foil fiberglass, while the phased array and the reflective screen 9 made of foil fiberglass are fixed to each other using wire racks 7 galvanically connecting the middle of the sides of the squares with a reflective flat screen 9.

The subscriber universal polarization zigzag antenna operates as follows. When a phased array is fed by two power circuits, it excites, when switched on separately, from each circuit, cross-arranged zigzag structures of the emitting modules 1, forming, depending on the phase relationship of the excitation voltages, within the framework of 2 modules 1, a linear or circular polarization in each module 1 with radiation in the normal direction to open the antenna array. The opening angles of the radiation patterns in the horizontal and vertical planes are equal to each other and depend on the aperture of the antenna, which is controlled by the spacing of the emitting modules 1 and their distance from the axis of symmetry of the antenna 5 when they are placed symmetrically. With the in-phase inclusion of all modules 1, an axisymmetric total radiation pattern is formed. To narrow the radiation pattern and increase the antenna gain, conductive flaps 10 are additionally placed along the perimeter of the screen 9, which reduce the side and back lobes of the radiation pattern and crosswise directors 8 in front of the power nodes 3 of the module 1, which increase the directional properties. As an additional effect, the cross-shaped directors 8, in addition to increasing the directivity, provide regulation of the antenna impedance.

The results of electronic modeling confirm the operation of the proposed antenna, as evidenced by radiation patterns in the horizontal plane (Fig. 3, a) and in the vertical plane (Fig. 3, b), as well as the characteristics of the antenna parameters (Fig. 4).

Claims (6)

1. A subscriber universal polarizing zigzag antenna containing a phased array symmetrically mounted to the antenna symmetry axis with emitting modules arranged in rows and floors in the same plane, a reflective flat screen, characterized in that the radiating modules are made in the form of squares spaced apart and arranged symmetrically to the symmetry axis of the antenna of conductors with sides equal to half the average wavelength of the working range, while four frames with about common conductors from the middle of the sides of the squares, forming in the center of the radiating module a cross-feed unit from two sources included in the breaks of the common conductors of opposite frames. 2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the frames of each square have a perimeter equal to the average wavelength of the operating range. 3. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the midpoints of the sides of the squares are galvanically connected to a reflective flat screen using conductive racks. 4. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the emitting modules are connected to the power circuit using balancing devices located behind the screen, conductors passed through the holes under the power nodes. 5. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that the reflective flat screen around the perimeter is equipped with conductive flaps placed at an angle of 120 ° to the plane of the screen, extending to the intersection with the plane of the grating. 6. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that a cross-shaped director is placed in front of the power node of each module.

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