CN105990648B - Antenna and communication equipment - Google Patents
Antenna and communication equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN105990648B CN105990648B CN201510055426.1A CN201510055426A CN105990648B CN 105990648 B CN105990648 B CN 105990648B CN 201510055426 A CN201510055426 A CN 201510055426A CN 105990648 B CN105990648 B CN 105990648B
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention is applicable to the technical field of antennas, and provides an antenna and communication equipment, wherein the antenna comprises a substrate, a radiator and a plurality of metal rods; the radiator is attached to the substrate, the plurality of metal rods are sequentially arranged around the radiator, and form a forbidden band of electromagnetic waves under an operating frequency band around the radiator, the plurality of metal rods form a photonic band gap to form the forbidden band of electromagnetic waves around the radiator, so that the electromagnetic waves cannot propagate in the band, the electromagnetic waves are restrained in a specific area, the energy of the radiating sheet is more concentrated to radiate in a specific direction, the electromagnetic environment of the antenna is regulated, the impedance matching characteristic is improved, and the total efficiency of the antenna is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of antenna technologies, and in particular, to an antenna and a communication device.
Background
The microstrip antenna and other antennas are small in occupied space, easy to carry and operate, and capable of meeting the requirements of small size, light weight and low profile, and can be used as a transceiver antenna of a mobile terminal, however, the microstrip antenna in the prior art is small in size and low in antenna efficiency, so that the radiation size of the antenna is insufficient, and high gain and large elevation coverage are difficult to achieve.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an antenna and communication equipment, which are used for solving the problem that high gain and large elevation coverage are difficult to realize due to insufficient radiation size of the antenna in the prior art.
The invention provides an antenna for transmitting/receiving electromagnetic waves in an operating frequency band, which comprises a substrate, a radiator and a plurality of metal rods;
the radiator is attached to the substrate, the plurality of metal rods are sequentially arranged around the radiator, and a forbidden band of the electromagnetic wave is formed around the radiator.
The plurality of metal rods are wound into a circle, and a gap between every two adjacent metal rods in the plurality of metal rods is smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.
For the dual-frequency circularly polarized antenna, the plurality of metal rods are arranged in an array and are at least arranged in two intervals in a periodic manner, and the metal rods with different interval periods are arranged around the radiator in a staggered manner, so that the gap between every two adjacent metal rods in any one of the metal rods arranged in a periodic manner is smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.
The plurality of metal rods are identical in shape.
The plurality of metal rods are cylindrical, square cylindrical or conical in shape.
The substrate is made of ceramic material, epoxy resin, polytetrafluoroethylene FR-4 composite or F4B composite.
The substrate comprises a first substrate and a second substrate, and the radiator comprises a first radiation piece and a second radiation piece;
the second radiation piece is arranged on the second substrate, the first substrate is arranged on the second radiation piece, and the first radiation piece is arranged on the first substrate.
The plurality of metal rods are disposed around the first substrate and/or the second substrate.
The first substrate or the second substrate is a plane type, an arc surface type or a concave surface type. The first radiation piece and the second radiation piece are rectangular.
A pair of vertex angles of the first radiation piece are provided with chamfer angles; a pair of vertex angles of the second radiation piece are provided with chamfer angles; the diagonal line of the chamfer of the first radiation piece is perpendicular to the diagonal line of the chamfer of the second radiation piece.
The invention also provides communication equipment which uses the antenna.
According to the antenna and the communication equipment, the plurality of metal rods are arranged around the radiating sheet in the antenna, and the plurality of metal rods form the photonic band gap to form the electromagnetic wave forbidden band around the radiator, so that electromagnetic waves cannot propagate in the band, the electromagnetic waves are restrained in a specific area, the energy of the radiating sheet is more concentrated to radiate in a specific direction, the electromagnetic environment of the antenna is regulated, the impedance matching characteristic is improved, and the total efficiency of the antenna is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following description will briefly introduce the drawings used to the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious, the drawings in the following description are only examples of embodiments of the present invention and other drawings may be made from these drawings by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty.
Fig. 1 is a top view of an antenna provided in one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of one embodiment of the present invention is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement structure of a plurality of metal rods in an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement structure of a plurality of metal rods in an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of standing wave ratio test results for an antenna according to one embodiment of the present invention with and without metamaterial units, respectively;
fig. 6 is a graph of gain test results for an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention with and without metamaterial units, respectively.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following embodiments are described by using microstrip antennas, and those skilled in the art should understand that other types of antennas are also applicable to the solution provided by the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention provides an antenna for transmitting/receiving electromagnetic waves in an operating frequency band, which is shown in fig. 1 and comprises a substrate, a radiator and a plurality of metal rods; the radiator is attached to the substrate, and the plurality of metal rods are sequentially arranged around the radiator, and a forbidden band of electromagnetic waves is formed around the radiator.
The radiator is used for transmitting or receiving electromagnetic wave signals, the plurality of metal rods are used for forming photonic band gaps to form an electromagnetic wave forbidden band around the radiator, so that electromagnetic waves cannot propagate in the band, the electromagnetic waves are restrained in a specific area, and the energy of the radiating sheet is concentrated in the radiation in a specific direction, therefore, the electromagnetic environment of the antenna is regulated by arranging the plurality of metal rods, and the impedance characteristic is improved.
Wherein, the photonic band gap structure formed by a plurality of metal rods can prevent electromagnetic waves of certain wave bands from propagating therein at all, thus forming a band gap on the frequency spectrum. Photonic bandgap structures are widely used in the microwave and millimeter wave fields, and the photonic bandgap structure is applied to antennas.
Specifically, the arrangement manner of the metal rods around the radiator may include the following embodiments:
as one implementation mode, the plurality of metal rods are surrounded into a circle, and the gap between every two adjacent metal rods in the plurality of metal rods is smaller than the wavelength of electromagnetic waves in the working frequency band, so that the electromagnetic waves in the working frequency band cannot form a wave band in the propagation process, and the electromagnetic waves in the working frequency band are restrained in a specific area.
In the above-described embodiments, the following embodiments are included again according to the shape of the metal rods, and as one embodiment, the shape of the plurality of metal rods is the same, for example, each metal rod is cylindrical, and the interval between two cylindrical metal rods arranged in the same cycle is the same.
As another embodiment, the plurality of metal rods are shaped differently, alternatively, the plurality of metal rods are cylindrical, square cylindrical or conical in shape. As shown in fig. 3, taking a plurality of metal rods as a cylindrical shape and a square cylindrical shape as an example, the metal rods may be arranged in a circular column, a square column, or the like.
As another implementation mode of arranging the metal rods around the radiator, a plurality of metal rods are arranged in an array and are at least arranged in two intervals in a periodic manner, the metal rods with different intervals are arranged around the radiator in a staggered manner, and the gap between every two adjacent metal rods in any one of the metal rods arranged in a periodic manner is smaller than the wavelength of electromagnetic waves in the working frequency band.
In the following, two pitch periods are taken as an example to illustrate that the metal rods with different pitch periods are arranged around the radiator in a staggered manner, as shown in fig. 4, the first row of metal rods are arranged with a first pitch period, the second row of metal rods are arranged with a second pitch period, the third row of metal rods are arranged with a first pitch period, the fourth row of metal rods are arranged with a second pitch period, and so on. Electromagnetic wave restriction under the working frequency band under at least double frequency bands is realized by arranging the metal rod arrays with different spacing periods.
In this embodiment, the shape of the metal bars may be the same, or may be different, for example, the arrangement of the metal rods of different periods may be embodied as circular columns, square columns, and the like, which are arranged crosswise. The shapes of the plurality of metal rods include, but are not limited to, the above-listed structures, and various irregularly shaped structures are possible.
Optionally, the substrate is a ceramic material, epoxy, polytetrafluoroethylene, FR-4 composite, or F4B composite.
In the following, a specific structure of implementing dual frequency bands by stacking dual antennas by using dual linear polarization to synthesize circular polarization is described, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in the antenna, a substrate includes a first substrate 104 and a second substrate 102, and a radiator includes a first radiation sheet 105 and a second radiation sheet 103; the second radiation sheet 103 is disposed on the second substrate 102, the first substrate 104 is disposed on the second radiation sheet 103, and the first radiation sheet 105 is disposed on the first substrate 104.
As one embodiment, a plurality of metal rods 101 are provided around the second substrate 102.
As another embodiment, a plurality of metal rods are disposed on the second substrate 102 and around the second radiation sheet 103.
The same point of both the above embodiments is that a plurality of metal rods are disposed around the first radiation sheet and the second radiation sheet, and the difference is only that the disposed positions of the plurality of metal rods are different.
Alternatively, the first substrate 104 or the second substrate 102 is planar, cambered or concave.
In the embodiment of the invention, the size of the first substrate is smaller than that of the second substrate, and the first substrate is overlapped on the common metal grounding surface on the second radiation sheet, the dielectric constant of the first substrate is higher than that of the second substrate, the first radiation sheet and the second radiation sheet share one metal grounding surface, the first radiation sheet and the second radiation sheet have the same feeding port, and the feeding is performed through the feeding metal microstrip line on the second substrate. The first radiating patch is a metal sheet having a chamfer form. The first radiation piece and the second radiation piece are rectangular. A pair of vertex angles of the first radiation piece are provided with chamfer angles; a pair of vertex angles of the second radiation piece are provided with chamfer angles; the diagonal line of the chamfer of the first radiation piece is perpendicular to the diagonal line of the chamfer of the second radiation piece.
As shown in fig. 5 and fig. 6, by testing standing wave ratio and gain of the antenna under the forbidden band structure and the forbidden band structure formed by a plurality of metal rods, respectively, the result shows that the forbidden band structure of the metal rods on the antenna does not affect radiation efficiency, so that the radiation frequency point drifts to a certain extent, and fine adjustment is required in design according to different radiation frequency point drifts of the forbidden band structure. The longitudinal section of the antenna pattern shows that the forbidden band structure with a plurality of metal rods arranged on the antenna improves the radiation efficiency of the antenna on one hand, widens the radiation main lobe width of the antenna on the other hand, and improves the radiation performance of the antenna.
In fig. 5, the horizontal axis is frequency, the vertical axis is voltage standing wave ratio, and in two working frequency bands, the voltage standing wave ratio is very close to 1, which shows that the antenna has good characteristic impedance. In fig. 6, the horizontal axis is the radiation angle, and the vertical axis is the gain, and compared with the prior art, the scheme of the embodiment achieves high gain radiation in a larger angle range, that is, improves radiation performance.
The invention is suitable for vehicle-mounted, carrier-borne, airborne and other antennas, and the circularly polarized antenna is also suitable for the miniaturized design of circularly polarized antennas such as GPS satellite navigation antennas and the like.
The invention provides an antenna, wherein a plurality of metal rods are arranged around a radiation sheet in the antenna, the metal rods form an electromagnetic wave forbidden band around a radiator by forming a photon band gap, so that electromagnetic waves cannot propagate in the band, the electromagnetic waves are restrained in a specific area, the energy of the radiation sheet is more concentrated to radiate in a specific direction, the electromagnetic environment of the antenna is regulated, the impedance matching characteristic is improved, and the total efficiency of the antenna is improved.
The invention also provides communication equipment comprising the antenna.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention in connection with the preferred embodiments, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to the specific embodiments described. Several equivalent substitutions or obvious modifications will occur to those skilled in the art to which this invention pertains without departing from the spirit of the invention, and the same should be considered to be within the scope of this invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An antenna for transmitting/receiving electromagnetic waves in an operating frequency band, characterized in that the antenna comprises a substrate, a radiator and a plurality of metal rods;
the radiator is attached to the substrate, the plurality of metal rods are sequentially arranged around the radiator, and a forbidden band of the electromagnetic wave is formed around the radiator;
the plurality of metal rods are arranged in an array and are at least arranged in a periodic manner at two intervals, the metal rods with different interval periods are arranged around the radiator in a staggered manner, and the gap between every two adjacent metal rods in any periodic arrangement is smaller than the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.
2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the plurality of metal rods are identical in shape.
3. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the plurality of metal rods are cylindrical, square cylindrical, or conical in shape.
4. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the substrate is a ceramic material, an epoxy, polytetrafluoroethylene, an FR-4 composite, or an F4B composite.
5. An antenna as in claim 1, wherein: the substrate comprises a first substrate and a second substrate, and the radiator comprises a first radiation piece and a second radiation piece;
the second radiation piece is arranged on the second substrate, the first substrate is arranged on the second radiation piece, and the first radiation piece is arranged on the first substrate.
6. An antenna according to claim 5, wherein: the plurality of metal rods are disposed around the first substrate and/or the second substrate.
7. The antenna of claim 5, wherein the first substrate or the second substrate is planar, cambered, or concave.
8. The antenna of claim 5, wherein the first radiating patch and the second radiating patch are rectangular.
9. The antenna of claim 8, wherein a pair of vertex angles of the first radiating patch are provided with cut angles; a pair of vertex angles of the second radiation piece are provided with chamfer angles; the diagonal line of the chamfer of the first radiation piece is perpendicular to the diagonal line of the chamfer of the second radiation piece.
10. A communication device comprising an antenna according to any of claims 1-9.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510055426.1A CN105990648B (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2015-01-30 | Antenna and communication equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510055426.1A CN105990648B (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2015-01-30 | Antenna and communication equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN105990648A CN105990648A (en) | 2016-10-05 |
| CN105990648B true CN105990648B (en) | 2024-02-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510055426.1A Active CN105990648B (en) | 2015-01-30 | 2015-01-30 | Antenna and communication equipment |
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| CN (1) | CN105990648B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP6499116B2 (en) * | 2016-04-06 | 2019-04-10 | 株式会社Ｓｏｋｅｎ | Antenna device |
| CN112599958B (en) | 2018-03-15 | 2023-03-28 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna and communication device |
| CN108734839A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-11-02 | 南京熊猫电子股份有限公司 | Gate array IMSI authentication systems and method based on single base station multiple antennas |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1906809A (en) * | 2003-11-27 | 2007-01-31 | 科学研究国家中心 | Configurable and orientable antenna and corresponding base station |
| CN203883115U (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-10-15 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Circularly-polarized antenna, circularly-polarized antenna system, and communication equipment |
| CN204375928U (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-06-03 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | A kind of antenna and communication equipment |
-
2015
- 2015-01-30 CN CN201510055426.1A patent/CN105990648B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1906809A (en) * | 2003-11-27 | 2007-01-31 | 科学研究国家中心 | Configurable and orientable antenna and corresponding base station |
| JP2007512747A (en) * | 2003-11-27 | 2007-05-17 | サーントル ナスィヨナル ドゥ ラ ルシェルシュ スイヤンティフィック （セ エヌ エール エス） | Antenna that can shape and direct beam and its base station |
| CN203883115U (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-10-15 | 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 | Circularly-polarized antenna, circularly-polarized antenna system, and communication equipment |
| CN204375928U (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-06-03 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | A kind of antenna and communication equipment |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Analysis by FDTD method of a microstrip antenna with PBG considering the substrate thickness variation;J.F. Almeida等;《17th International Conference on Applied Electromagnetics and Communications, 2003. ICECom 2003》;20031003;论文第344-345页 * |
| J.F. Almeida等.Analysis by FDTD method of a microstrip antenna with PBG considering the substrate thickness variation.《17th International Conference on Applied Electromagnetics and Communications, 2003. ICECom 2003》.2003, * |
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| CN105990648A (en) | 2016-10-05 |
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