RU2451785C1 - Device to install and fix hose line in building staircases - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for installation and fixation of a hose line in parallel staircases of a building and may be used to extinguish fire and perform rescue operations. The device to install and fix a hose line in building staircases comprises a handle and stair posts rigidly connected to ascending and descending stair flights, a handle and/or a spacer of parallel staircase rail turns. Rail spacers are installed horizontally in conventional points of crossing the ascending flight rail bars and the lower face of the descending flight in a cross cut of a building, at the same time the spacers are fixed dead at one end to a strip steel tape of a bar and/or to a stand of rail grid of the ascending flight, and at the other end - to the lower face of the descending stair fight, producing a place for easy installation and fixation of a hose line with hose retentions.

EFFECT: higher public safety when evacuated from buildings and structures, more convenient pulling of hose line between staircases, increased reliability of hose line fixation to a spacer, reduced labour intensiveness of hose line feed to upper floors of a building, possibility to install fire lines from hoses of large diameters.

21 cl, 13 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for laying and securing a hose line in two-flight stairs of a building or structure (hereinafter referred to as the building) and can be used to freely lay it during fire fighting and rescue operations.

A device for fixing equipment on building structures / A.c. SU No. 525 793, MKI-2, E04G 25/08. Device for fixing and installing equipment on building structures / A.S. Rodionov; application 20.04.73., publ. 08/25/76. Bull. No. 34 / [1].

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the known device include the fact that the use of the known device cannot solve the problems associated with the unimpeded laying and fixing of the hose line in the stairs during fire fighting and rescue operations.

A device is known for laying a hose line in the stairs of a building in the form of a gap between the flights of stairs and between the railings of the railings of the flights of stairs with a clear width of at least 75 mm / SNiP 21-SP-97 * Fire safety of buildings and structures. - M.: Gosstroy of Russia, as amended. No. 1, 1999 - 15 s (p. 14 ÷ 15, p. 8 Fire extinguishing; p. 8.9) / [2].

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the known device for laying the hose line in the stairs of a building include the fact that it is impossible to seamlessly lay the hose line in gaps of a width of 75 mm or less between the flights of stairs; therefore, increases the complexity of supplying a hose line to the upper floors of the building; it is impossible to lay a hose line from sleeves of large diameters (77, 89 and 150 mm); therefore, the combat deployment of a fire department is not possible in the shortest possible time.

The closest technical solution to the invention in terms of features is a device for applying and securing the hose line in the stairs of the building in the form of a gap between the flights of stairs with a clear width of 50 ÷ 100 mm / Roytman M.Ya. Fire prevention in the construction industry / M.Ya. Roitman, - M .: VIPTS, - 1975. - 525. (p. 320, fig. 17.4. Stairwell, p. 391, §19.9. Ensuring the successful work of firefighters) [3 ] - taken as a prototype.

The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the known device for laying a hose line in the stairs of a building adopted as a prototype include the fact that it is impossible to seamlessly lay a hose line in gaps of a width of 50-100 mm between flights of stairs: with gaps of 50 mm and less at the end sections of marches, pressure hoses with a diameter of 51 and 66 mm are difficult to pull through, and pressure hoses with a diameter of 77.89 and 150 mm are stuck in these places; therefore, increases the complexity of supplying a hose line to the upper floors of the building; it is impossible to lay fire lines from sleeves of large diameters; impossible combat deployment of a fire department in the shortest possible time; when securing the handrail, the railing only at their ends reduces the performance of the staircase: its strength, stability and spatial rigidity, the unsteadiness of the railing increases, the safety of forced evacuation of people decreases; the speed of movement of the human flow and the throughput of the evacuation route are reduced; the time for evacuating people along the stairs of the building is increasing.

The invention consists in the following. The tasks to be solved by the claimed invention are aimed at creating a convenient place for unhindered and quick laying of the hose line in two-flight staircases of buildings, as well as the possibility of designing, reconstructing, repairing and manufacturing again railings of staircases with improved operational characteristics in terms of bearing capacity, rigidity, reduce fluctuations, to improve the safety of people during their emergency evacuation from buildings.

EFFECT: possibility of unhindered laying and fixing of a hose line in stairs between flights with a gap between them of less than 100 mm; increase the convenience of dragging hose lines between flights of stairs; lack of clutter with the hose lines of the aisles and staircases of the building, finding the most convenient and shortest path to the positions of the shredders, reliable fastening to the spacer of the hose line, applied at a height; reducing the complexity of supplying a hose line to the upper floors of the building; the possibility of laying fire lines from large diameter hoses; implementation of the combat deployment of the fire department in the shortest possible time, simplification of the laying and fastening of hose lines in height; creation of a reliable support for the movement of people during emergency evacuation; increasing the stability of stair rails; increased stiffness of the handrail of the railing; increasing the rigidity of the railings to ascending and descending flights of stairs; increase of operational properties of marching rails (strength, stability, spatial rigidity, reduction of fluctuation); the perception of additional horizontal and vertical loads on the railing handrails during emergency evacuation of people; improving the safety of the railing in normal conditions and emergency situations; increase in the bearing and enclosing ability of a handrail; ensuring the minimum required area of stairwells of the building by minimizing the gap between the marches; metal saving in the manufacture of handrails and limiters for horizontal movement of the hose line in the two-flight stairs of the building; increase in the speed of movement of the human flow and the capacity of the evacuation route; reduction of time for evacuation of people on the stairs of the building.

The specified technical result when using the invention is achieved by the fact that in the known device, consisting of a handrail and railing rails, rigidly connected with ascending and descending flights of stairs; handrail and / or handrails for turning the railing of a two-march staircase, a feature is that the handrail rails are located horizontally at the conventional points of intersection of the railing handrails of the ascending march and the lower edge of the descending march of the staircase of the building cross section; while the spacers are fixed tightly from one end to the steel strip of the handrail and / or to the railing of the railing of the ascending march and from the other end to the lower edge of the descending march of the staircase, creating a place for unhindered laying and securing of the hose line with sleeve delays.

The spacer is made in the form of a steel segment of reinforcement of class A 240 (A-I) with a diameter of 10 ÷ 40 mm or reinforcement of classes A 300 (A-II) and A 400 (A-III) with a diameter of 10 ÷ 25 mm.

The spacer is made in the form of a piece of steel pipe according to GOST 10704 with a diameter of 60 ÷ 76 mm.

The spacer is made in the form of a piece of seamless steel pipe according to GOST 8732 with a diameter of 45 ÷ 60 mm.

The spacer is made in the form of a piece of round steel according to GOST 2590 with a diameter of 10 ÷ 40 mm with the installation of a PVC pipe on it.

The spacer is made in the form of a steel section with a diameter of 10 ÷ 40 mm with the installation of pieces of steel pipe with a diameter of 45 ÷ 60 mm on it.

The spacer is made in the form of a "steel rod-rolling washer" system.

The spacer was fastened to the steel band of the handrail using the foot of a bent rod with holes, to which a wooden railing handrail was attached with screws.

The spacers with straight and bent branches - paws were fastened to the steel band of the railing handrail by welding with a double-sided seam.

The spacer with a straight branch was fastened to the steel band of the handrail by welding at the end of the tape in the ends or at the bottom of the band of the handrail with a lap joint with extended seams.

The spacers with straight and / or bent branches at the level of the handrail are fastened to the steel railing of the railing by welding in taps or lap joints with extended seams.

The spacers with straight and / or bent branches were fastened to the steel kosour of the staircase by welding in taps or lap joints with extended seams.

Straight or bent branches of the strut are embedded in nests with a depth of at least 60 mm, specially made or hollowed out at the ends or on the lower surface of the descending reinforced concrete march, made in the form of a flat plate.

The spacers were fastened to the wooden march bowstrings using screws, using end steel washers with holes for this.

The size of the spacer diameter is determined based on the compression on the horizontal load on the railing during the emergency evacuation of people combined with the calculation of the rod for bending on the vertical load from the hose delay and fire hoses filled with water, taking into account safety factors and load dynamics.

For the reference intersection points, the intersection points of inclined lines passing respectively along the top of the handrail of the railing of the ascending march and along the bottom of the lower edge of the descending march of the staircase within each floor on the transverse section of the staircase are taken.

The working racks of the railing lattice, to which the spacers are attached, are installed in the vicinity of the reference point of the flight of stairs.

The length of the strut is determined depending on the width of the gap between the flights of stairs and the length of the end sections of the strut with straight and / or bent branches.

A spacer in the vicinity of the reference point of the flight of stairs is installed on each landing.

When installing in the small gap between the flights of stairs only racks of the railing lattice, the restrictive element of the railing is installed vertically at a distance of D = 100 ÷ 150 mm from the conditional intersection point of the ascending handrail and the descending staircase.

If the gap between the flights of stairs is less than 100 mm, the additional strut is made in the form of a steel open clamp, one side of which serves as a support strut, the other side as a limiter for horizontal movement of the hose line.

The causal relationship between the totality of features and the technical result of the work is as follows.

Using the proposed device for laying and securing the hose line in the stairs of the building provides: firstly, identifying a convenient place for unhindered and quick laying and securing the hose line in the two-flight stairs of the building; secondly, the optimal design (reconstruction, reinforcement, repair) of stair rails with a qualitative improvement in operational characteristics in terms of bearing capacity, rigidity, and reduction in fluctuation; thirdly, improving the safety of people during their forced evacuation from the building.

Identification of a convenient place in the ladder for unhindered laying of the hose line allows you to:

- laying and securing the hose line with a diameter of 51, 66, 77, 89, 150 mm in a two-flight staircase with a minimum clearance (up to 50 mm);

- determine the shortest path along the stairs to the position of the shrewman (the length of the sleeves laid along the top of the flights of stairs is 2.5–3 times longer than in the gaps between the flights);

- reliable fastening of the hose line by hose delays to the spacer installed (for connecting heads of pressure hoses after 10 ÷ 20 m);

- reduce the complexity of supplying a hose line to the upper floors of the building and carry out the combat deployment of the fire department in the shortest possible time;

- to carry out operational fire fighting and rescue operations.

Optimal design (reconstruction, reinforcement, repair) of stair rails with a qualitative improvement in operational characteristics due to:

- decrease in the deformability of the stair railing due to the transfer of a simple beam with a span l to a two-span continuous beam with spans l ₁ and l ₂ (when l ₁ = (l / 3) l; l ₂ = (2/3) · l ₁ there is a decrease in the deflection of the railing from horizontal load 2 times);

- increase the bearing capacity of the handrail of the railing of the flights of stairs by changing the design scheme 3 times;

- replacing the design option (manufacturing) of the riser-dry pipe with small gaps between the flights of stairs in plan in the light of the option of installing limiters for horizontal movement of the hose line;

- metal savings on the manufacture of stair railing elements and limiters for horizontal movement of the hose line.

Improving the safety of people during their forced evacuation from the building due to:

- increase the speed of movement of the human flow and the capacity of the evacuation route;

- reduce the time of evacuation of people on the stairs of the building;

- reduction in the variability of the handrail of the railing of the flights of stairs by reducing the deflection of the handrail from the horizontal load by 1.5-2 times;

- the possibility of increasing the width of the flights of stairs by reducing the gap between them;

- unimpeded and timely evacuation of people;

- the use of non-combustible materials for the manufacture of additionally installed struts on the railing of the flights of stairs and elements of the limiters for horizontal movement of the hose line.

Figure 1, 2 and 3 shows the staircase of a building with a two-march staircase of large reinforced concrete elements: a longitudinal section A-A (Fig. 1), transverse sections B-B (Fig. 2) and B-B (Fig. 3) :

1 - floor area;

2 - flight of stairs;

3 - interfloor area;

4 - flight of stairs of the basement;

5 - handrail railing;

6 - handrail rack;

7 - reference point;

8 - boundaries of the place of application of the hose line;

9 - limiters horizontal movement of the hose line;

10 - the gap between the marches.

Figures 4 and 5 show a spacer installed at a reference point and a diagram of its attachment to the handrail of the railing of the ascending march (Fig. 4) and to the bottom of the descending march of the slab reinforced concrete structure (Fig. 5):

11 - steel tape guard rail;

12 - direct branch struts;

13 - bent branch struts;

14 - welding with a double-sided seam;

15 - segments of a steel pipe, washer, PVC pipe;

16 - steel strip to the handrail tape (4 × 40 × 80 mm);

17 - mortar.

6 ÷ 13 shows the turns of the railing of the two-flight stairs:

type 1 is a side view (Fig 6); front view (Fig.7);

type 2 is a side view (Fig. 8); front view (Fig.9);

view of the gap between the marches in the plan (figure 10);

type 3 is a side view (11); front view (Fig);

view of the gap between the marches in the plan (Fig.13).

Information confirming the possibility of applying the invention to obtain the above technical result.

Fire and technical inspection of building building No. 1 of an administrative 6-story building (floor height H = 4.0 m) found that in two of the 4 stairwells, two-flight staircases were laid with gaps of 20 to 100 mm between the marshes in the plan in the light .

Staircases are located in the level of floors and between them. Marches of stairs of three types: steel, reinforced concrete with steel braids and fully reinforced concrete.

The height of the railing is 85-90 cm. The railing is made of steel links welded in the horizontal plane of the flights of stairs 2. The railing of the upper platform is mounted in special sockets along the edge of the reinforced concrete frieze step or welded to the steel frieze step.

The railing links are filled with steel bars. Vertical (supporting) railing racks 6 are made of steel rectangular 25 × 32 mm or circular cross-section with a diameter of 25-32 mm.

The handrails of the railing 5 are made of hardwood and screwed to a 4 × 40 mm steel strip on top of the railing racks 6.

The adjacent railing of the floors at the turns of the railing is connected by 2-4 horizontal rods ⌀12-14 mm, or only one vertical stand ⌀25 mm is installed at the turn, attached at the top by the turning section of the railing, and from the bottom to the staircase of the floor (Fig.6 ÷ 13) .

In the project of reconstruction (repair) of stair rails, the proposed device for laying and securing a hose line in the stairs of an office building is used.

A pair of installed struts on the floor flights are limiters for horizontal movement of the hose line in the stairwell.

In the areas of the reference points of intersection of the elements of the marches, spacers (steel rods ⌀14-18 mm) with sections of steel pipe strung on them and washers with a variable gap from 20 to 120 mm; spacers are made with the length l _p = z + l ₁ + l ₂ = 20 (120) + 40 + 100 = 160 ÷ 260 mm with a straight branch l ₁ = 40 mm from one end (fixed to a steel tape 4 × 40 mm) of the handrail 5 and the bent branch of the strut 13 with a length of l ₂ = 100 mm from the other end (fastening to the bottom of the ascending flight of stairs of the slab structure).

The lap length (l, mm) of a one-sided seam for a reinforcement bar of class A 240 (AI) is l = 6 · d (at d = 10 ÷ 40 mm), for reinforcing bars of classes A 300 (A-II) and A 400 (A -III) is equal to l = 8 · d (with d = 10 ÷ 25 mm); for a double-sided seam, the lap length is l = 4 · d, here d is the core diameter, mm.

Information sources

1. A.c. SU No. 525793 MKI-2, E04G 25/08. Device for fixing and installing equipment on building structures / A.S. Rodionov; application 20.04.73., publ. 08/25/76. Bull. Number 34.

2. SNiP 21-01-97 * Fire safety of buildings and structures. - M .: Gosstroy of Russia, 1999 - 15 s (p. 14-15, p. 8 Extinguishing a fire p. 8.9).

3. Roytman M.Ya. Fire prevention in the construction industry / M.Ya. Roitman - M.: VIPTS, - 1975. - 525 p. (p.320, fig.17.4. Stairwell, p.391, §19.9. Ensuring the successful work of firefighters).

Claims (21)

1. A device for laying and securing the hose line in the stairs of the building, consisting of a handrail and railing rails, rigidly connected with ascending and descending flights of stairs; a handrail and / or a handrail for turning the railing of a two-march staircase, characterized in that the handrail brackets are located horizontally at the conditional intersection of the railing handrails of the ascending march and the lower edge of the descending march of the staircase of the transverse section of the building; while the spacers are fixed tightly from one end to the steel strip of the handrail and / or to the railing of the railing of the ascending march, and from the other end to the lower edge of the descending march of the stairs, creating a place for unhindered laying and securing of the hose line with sleeve delays. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer is made in the form of a steel segment of reinforcement of class A 240 (AI) with a diameter of 10 ÷ 40 mm or reinforcement of classes A 300 (A-II) and A 400 (A-III) with a diameter of 10 ÷ 25 mm. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer is made in the form of a piece of steel pipe according to GOST 10704 with a diameter of 60 ÷ 76 mm 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer is made in the form of a piece of seamless steel pipe according to GOST 8732 with a diameter of 45 ÷ 60 mm. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer is made in the form of a piece of round steel according to GOST 2590 with a diameter of 10 ÷ 40 mm with installation of a piece of PVC pipe on it. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer is made in the form of a steel section with a diameter of 10 ÷ 40 mm with the installation of pieces of steel pipe with a diameter of 45 ÷ 60 mm on it. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the spacer is made in the form of a "steel rod-rolling washer" system. 8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening of the spacer to the steel tape of the handrail is made with the help of a tab of a bent rod with holes to which a wooden railing rail is attached with screws. 9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening of the spacer with straight and bent branches - paws to the steel tape of the railing rail is made by welding with a double-sided seam. 10. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening of the spacer with a straight branch to the steel tape of the handrail is made by welding in the end of the tape in the ends or below the handrail tape of the railing with lap joint with extended seams. 11. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening of the spacer with straight and / or bent branches at the level of the handrail to the steel railing of the railing is done by welding in t-shirts or lap joints with extended seams. 12. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening of the spacer with straight and / or bent branches to the steel kosoura of the stairs is made by welding T-shirts or lap joints with long seams. 13. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the straight or bent branches of the spacer are embedded in nests with a depth of at least 60 mm, specially made or hollowed out at the ends or on the lower surface of the descending reinforced concrete march, made in the form of a flat plate. 14. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fastening of the spacer to the bowstrings of the wooden march is made with screws, using end steel washers with holes. 15. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the size of the spacer diameter is calculated based on compression on the horizontal load on the railing during the emergency evacuation of people, together with the calculation of the rod for bending on the vertical load from the hose delay and fire hoses filled with water, s taking into account safety factors and load dynamics. 16. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the intersection points of the inclined lines passing respectively along the top of the handrail the railing of the ascending march and the bottom of the lower edge of the descending march of the stairs within each floor in a transverse section of the staircase are taken as reference intersection points. 17. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the working racks of the railing lattice, to which the spacers are attached, are installed in the vicinity of the reference point of the flight of stairs. 18. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the strut is determined depending on the width of the gap between the flights of stairs and the length of the end sections of the strut with straight and / or bent branches. 19. The device according to claim 1 or 17, characterized in that the spacer in the vicinity of the reference point of the flight of stairs is installed on each landing. 20. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that when installing in the small gap between the flights of stairs only the racks of the guard railing, the restrictive fence element is installed vertically at a distance of D = l00 ÷ 150 mm from the conditional intersection point of the ascending handrail and the descending staircase. 21. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that when the gap between the flights of stairs is less than 100 mm, an additional strut is made in the form of a steel open clamp.

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