RU2449077C2 - Method to erect water-retaining dams - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction, road engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydraulic engineering, in particular, to erection of safety water-retaining dams. The proposed method includes arrangement of water-impermeable empty soft shells on a ground base along the dam. Soft shells are made as closed flat bags 1 with a double bottom, have ears with holes 4 and a valve 6 for water filling and drainage in the end. Bags 1 are laid along the relief of the proposed dam in layers with coverage of gaps by height exceeding the proposed level of spring flood. Besides, bags are fixed to each other by clasps 5 via ears with holes 4 and are filled with water via the valve 6, and their bottom is filled with loose material. Further arrangement of bags 1 is carried out on top of the first row while matching cross-like ledges 2 of the flat upper surface of bags 1 in one row and cross-like grooves 3 of the flat lower surface of bags 1 in a different row. Bags 1 are laid into several rows along the vertical line depending on the required height of the dam. The last row of bags 1 is arranged above water level in front of the dam. Besides, a water-impermeable canopy 7 is laid between bags 1 along the entire length of the dam.

EFFECT: method makes it possible to increase reliability of shore line protection against flooding, to reduce labour intensiveness of works performance, and also to speed up construction and build-up of the safety structure with considerable reduction of construction material volume.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering, in particular to the construction of protective water dams capable of containing the onslaught of natural water on industrial, civil, military and other objects.

There is a method of constructing water-supporting dams in the form of soft cylindrical shells that are filled with water or air (Soft structures in hydraulic engineering / B.I. Sergeev, P.M. Stepanov, B. B. Shumakov. - M .: Kolos, 1984. - 101 s.).

This method of constructing water-supporting structures allows you to quickly build protective dams. However, their reliability leaves much to be desired. In the case of a sudden puncture of the shells with sharp floating objects (ice, trees, etc.), the water-resistant structure ceases to fulfill its protective functions.

The closest technical solution to the present invention is a method of constructing water-supporting structures (dams) from soft cylindrical shells. The internal cavity of the shells is filled with filler, thereby giving the shells a spatial shape. Soft shells before spreading on the ground are fastened into mats, forming modules, stacked in rows according to the principle of “brickwork with dressing” in such a way that the protrusions of one wavy surface of the modules fall into the hollows of the wavy surface of the modules of another row, fill them with filler, and, if necessary, embed a waterproof membrane extending from top to bottom in the body of the dam (RF Patent No. 2292415, CL EV 3/10, publ. 2007).

The main disadvantage of this method is the need for additional binding of the filled shells to each other in the body of the dam (for example, bandages) to prevent them from rolling out and to ensure the overall stability of the finished structures, which increases the complexity of the works on the construction of dams.

The objective of the invention is to reduce the complexity of the production of works to protect facilities for various purposes from floods by erecting protective water-resistant dams.

The problem is solved in that, in the method of constructing protective water-supporting dams, including bonding soft shells with subsequent spreading on the ground, filling their internal cavities with filler, giving the shells a spatial shape, arranging them in rows so that the protrusions of one surface of the shells fall into the depressions of the other surface shells according to the invention soft shells made in the form of closed flat bags with a double bottom, having ears with holes and a valve for filling and draining odes at the end, spread out on the ground, then the bags of one row are laid in such a way that the cross-shaped protrusions of the flat upper surface of the bags fall into the cross-shaped recesses of the flat lower surface of the bags of the other row, fastened together with carabiners, ensuring stability, fill part of the bag space with valves with water and the bottom is filled with bulk material, ensuring the stability of the structure, and a waterproof awning is placed between the bags vertically along the entire length of the dam to increase its protective ystv.

In the claimed method of constructing water-bearing dams, the common essential features for him and for his prototype are:

- spreading soft shells on the ground;

- bonding of shells and stacking in rows;

- filling their internal cavities with filler;

- additional embedding of soft waterproof material.

A comparative analysis of the essential features of the proposed method for the construction of protective water dams and the prototype shows that the first, in contrast to the prototype, has the following essential features:

- soft shells made in the form of closed flat bags with a double bottom, having ears with holes and valves for filling and draining water at the end, spread out on the ground;

- fasten together with carbines;

- fill the upper part of the space of the bags with water through the valves;

- the bottom is filled with bulk material;

- between the bags vertically the entire length of the dam is covered with a waterproof tent.

This set of essential distinguishing features of the proposed method allows:

- reduce the complexity of the work, ensure the stability and reliability of the structure;

- to ensure the speed of assembly of the dam due to constructions manufactured in the factory, interchangeability of shells having a single standard size.

The technical result of the invention is to increase reliable flood protection during the construction and use of water and sand or soil from the water, which leads to a significant reduction in the number of traditional building materials.

Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that the set of essential features of the claimed invention has a causal relationship with the achieved technical result, i.e. thanks to this combination of essential features of the invention, it has become possible to solve the problem. Therefore, the claimed invention is new and has an inventive step, i.e. it does not explicitly follow from the prior art and is suitable for practical use.

The proposed method of constructing water-supporting dams is illustrated by drawings, where Fig. 1 is a top view of a bag 1. The bag has a cross-shaped protrusion 2 on a flat upper surface and a cross-shaped recess 3 on a flat lower surface. At the corners, the bag has ears with an opening 4 for fastening the bags to each other with the help of a carabiner 5. In section AA, Fig. 1 shows a bag with a double bottom and a valve 6 at the end for filling with water. Figure 2 shows a General view of the dam with the waterproof awning 7 inside.

The method is implemented as follows. In front of the front of the natural onslaught of water on a soil base, waterproof unfilled soft shells are laid in the form of bags 1 along the dam. Inside the dam, a waterproof awning 7 runs along the entire height along the entire length of the dam, the lower end of which is under the first layer of bags in the direction of water intake, and the upper part goes to the dam crest and is fixed with bags. The bags are laid on the relief of the proposed dam in layers with overlapping gaps to a height exceeding the expected flood level. The bags are fastened together with carabiners 5 through the ears with the hole 4 and filled with water through a valve 6, made in the form of a cork, having a hole in the center with a ball valve backstop, and the bottom of the bags is filled with bulk material with negative buoyancy. Further laying of the bags is carried out on top of the first row with the combination of the cross-shaped protrusions 2 and the cross-shaped recesses 3, while the length of the bag is equal to two sizes of width. The bags are stacked in several rows vertically depending on the required height of the dam, the last row of bags is placed above the water level in front of the dam, while a waterproof tent 7 is placed between the bags vertically for the entire length of the dam.

Thus, when using the claimed invention, the task is solved and a technical result is achieved that provides increased reliability of coastal strip protection from floods, as well as accelerated construction and building up a protective structure (dam) with a significant reduction in the number of building materials

Claims (1)

A method of constructing protective water-supporting dams from soft shells, including fastening soft shells with subsequent spreading on the ground, filling their internal cavities with a filler, giving the shells a spatial shape, arranging them in rows so that the protrusions of one surface of the shells fall into the hollows of the other shell surface, characterized in soft shells made in the form of closed flat bags with cross-shaped protrusions and recesses, with a double bottom, having ears with holes and a valve To fill and drain the water at the end, they are spread out in rows on top of one another in such a way that the cross-shaped protrusions of the flat upper surface of the bags fall into the cross-shaped recesses of the flat lower surface of the bags of the other row, fasten them together with carbines through the ears, fill part of the space of the bags with water valves, and the bottom is filled with bulk material, and between the bags vertically the entire length of the dam is laid with a waterproof awning.

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