RU2448921C2 - Complex modifying additive for mortar - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction materials, specifically to modifying additives for producing high-strength mortar and composite gypsum concrete, used in construction of residential and public buildings. The additive contains 30% solution of polycarboxylate Sika ViscoCrete 225P, 30% solution of polycarboxylate Glenium Ace 30 or Ace 430; solution of anti-foaming agent Degressal SD-21, 5% carbamide solution, 10% sodium gluconate solution and 5% solution of re-dispersible copolymer substance Neolith - P 3300, with the following ratio of components, wt %: Sika ViscoCrete 225P solution - 20.0-28.0; Glenium Ace 30 or 430 solution - 23.0-25.0; anti-foaming agent Degressal SD-21 - 0.08-0.15; carbamide solution - 20.5-22.4; sodium gluconate solution- 14.0-16.0; Neolith-P 3300 solution - 14.42-16.45, obtained by mixing components until complete homogenisation of the obtained additive solution.

EFFECT: high strength and water-resistance of the obtained materials.

2 tbl, 9 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of building materials, namely, modifying additives for the production of high strength mortar and composite gypsum concrete used in the construction of residential and public buildings.

A known additive for the modification of gypsum binders containing silica fume and superplasticizer C-3, obtained on the basis of sodium salts of condensation products of naphthalene sulfonic acid and formaldehyde, in the following ratio of components (% by weight): hemihydrous calcium sulfate - building gypsum 78.4-81.6; lime 8-9; silica fume 10-12; superplasticizer C-3 0.4-0.6 (see RF patent 32081076, IPC С04В 11/00, С04В 111/20, published in Bull. No. 16).

The additive is made together with a gypsum binder, which increases the duration and volume of processing of the material. Moreover, the obtained gypsum binder has insufficient water resistance, strength, frost resistance, has a short setting time.

Known additive for modifying gypsum binders, including C-3 superplasticizer, zeolite rock calcined at 800 ° C, and silicate brick fight, while the additive contains C-3 plasticizer in the form of dry powder in the following ratio of additive components (% by weight): powder C-3 1.5-4.0; zeolite flour 12-14; silica brick fight 82-86 (see RF patent No. 2074137, IPC С04В 11/00, С04В 111/20, published in Bull. No. 6) The additive is made separately from the gypsum binder, reducing the amount of processing, after which it is introduced into gypsum astringent (100%) with stirring the dry mixture in an amount of 5-15% by weight.

This additive allows you to increase the strength of gypsum products and save up to 15% gypsum binder, however, for the manufacture of the additive requires significant energy consumption for pre-firing the zeolite rock at a temperature of 800 ° C for 8 hours and the joint grinding of zeolite rock and battle of silicate brick with a dry powder of plasticizer C -3. The resulting binder has insufficient strength, frost resistance and short setting time of gypsum concrete.

Known additive for the modification of gypsum binders of the following composition, wt.%: Hydraulic binder - Portland cement 15-25; mineral active component - pozzolanic flour 10-25; aqueous dispersion of a polyvinyl acetate polymer or divinyl styrene latex (see A.V. Volzhensky et al. Mineral binders. - M.: Stroyizdat, 1979; p459-461). The resulting gypsum binder has the best parameters for adhesive properties, durability, however, the preparation of a gypsum binder containing an aqueous dispersion is technologically difficult, in addition, the resulting gypsum binder has insufficient compressive strength, frost resistance, water separation.

Known additive for the modification of gypsum binders, containing components: hydraulic binder - Portland cement of any kind; active finely dispersed siliceous materials - fly ash, ceramic dust, pumice dust, thermal power plant ash, glass breakage, waste products from brick and other ceramic products, fine quartz sand, silica fume, silica gel, etc. The specified materials and superplasticizer in the ratio 1: (1 ... 2): (0.1 ... 0.25). In this case, the maximum value of the specific surface is 500 m ² / kg, and this is not always sufficient to improve the physical and mechanical properties of gypsum binders, mortars, and concrete based on them (see Yu.M. Bazhenov, V.F.Korovyakov, G .A.Denisov. Technology of dry building mixtures, M., 2003, Iz-in Association of building universities, pp.2-25,48).

Known complex additive for the modification of cementitious mortars and concrete based on them (see RF patent No. 2260572, IPC СВВ 11/00, publ. September 20, 2005), includes,% by weight: hydraulic binder 50-90; active mineral component 10-45, plasticizing additive 0.1-2.0, regulator of setting and hardening periods 0.001-1.0; stabilizer 0.001-5. Moreover, as a hydraulic binder, the additive contains Portland cement of any kind, white cement or a mixture of them in any proportion, as an active mineral component - fly ash, ash of rice or buckwheat husks, ashes and slag of thermal power plants, ceramic dust, brick and other ceramic waste productions, aluminum compounds, fine quartz sand, silica fume, pumice, glass break, silica gel, tuff, diatomite, white soot, aerosil, or any mixture thereof in any proportion, as a plasticizing additive - superplast a modifier containing compounds based on sulfonated melamine formaldehyde compounds and / or complexes based on them, compounds based on sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde compounds or their complexes based on them, compounds based on modified lignosulfonates, or compounds based on water-soluble carboxylate polymers, or a mixture thereof in any proportion , as regulators of setting time and hardening - a gypsum hardening moderator, as a stabilizer - water-soluble cellulose ether. In this case, one of the following components or semi-aquatic gypsum or anhydrite mixed in any proportion is used as gypsum binders, the dosage of the additive is carried out in an amount of 10-40% of their mass, and its specific surface area is 550-7000 m ² / kg.

The disadvantages of the known method and composition of the additive are:

- a large volume by weight of processing the additive due to the inclusion of Portland cement (up to 90%) and the active mineral component up to 45%,

- a large dosage of the additive (10-40% by weight);

- insufficient strength and water resistance of the obtained dry building mixtures, mortars and gypsum concrete below 20.0 MPa with a water-gypsum ratio of 0.22-0.3.

Known liquid complex additives to increase the fluidity of concrete masses based on cement binder, having advantages over dry additives as the most used in the technological process of preparation of molded concrete masses. The advantages of liquid plasticizing additives is that the use of ready-made mortar additives dramatically reduces the consumer's labor costs for preparing solutions and eliminates dosing errors.

Currently, plastic additives of the Khital series, manufactured according to TU 5745-007-57330160-05, as well as complex additives Binom, Universal TU 5745-001-47882740-04 and GP-1, manufactured in the Republic of Belarus according to TU BY 1000230600. 447-2006.

Complex additives Khital, Binom, and Universal have significant drawbacks, since their composition and physicochemical properties are not stable and depend to a large extent on organic waste chemicals combined with polycarboxylates and sometimes have a harmful effect on the environment human and cause corrosion of reinforcement, the appearance of efflorescence and delamination of concrete masses during transportation.

The complex additive GP-1 is made on the basis of aqueous polycarboxylate ether, is the best known, does not cause corrosion of the reinforcement, and is taken as a prototype because it is environmentally friendly, does not contain harmful impurities, and allows obtaining stable concrete suspensions during transportation. However, this supplement has some disadvantages:

- requires the introduction of an accelerator for hardening concrete masses;

- upon receipt of gypsum concrete forms a significant number of pores, reducing the strength of the resulting structures and increasing moisture absorption, reducing the rate of water absorption of products;

- does not withstand freezing at temperatures below -10 ° C;

- has insufficient strength of compacted concrete and

- high consumption of additives in the manufacture of gypsum concrete products (blocks, tongue-and-groove plates).

In order to eliminate the noted drawbacks of similar complex plasticizing additives, the selected complex additives for the prototype, a new complex modifying additive for concrete solutions, called GPVD-5, the composition of which was developed in comparison with the known ones, is proposed.

The objective of the invention is a comprehensive modifying additive, significantly improving the physicomechanical properties of binders, mortars and concrete based on Portland cement and gypsum binders, accelerating the hardening of monolithic concrete and gypsum concrete, reducing their water absorption, increasing the strength of products, lowering the freezing temperature of concrete solutions and getting the possibility of concreting at low temperatures, to increase the economic benefit from the use of the developed additive.

The technical result of the proposed technical solution is to increase the strength and water resistance of the materials obtained, the ability to control the quality of mortars and concrete based on Portland cement and gypsum binders.

The proposed complex modifying additive for concrete solutions, including a 30% solution of polycarboxylate "Sika ViscoCrete 225P", a 30% solution of polycarboxylate "Glenium Ace 30 or Ace 430"; antifoam solution "Degressal SD-21", a 5% solution of urea, a 10% solution of sodium gluconate and a 5% solution of a redispersible copolymer substance "Neolith - P 3300", in the following ratio, wt. %:

Sika ViscoCrete 225P mortar 20.0-28.0 Glenium Ace 30 or 430 solution 23.0-25.0 antifoam 0.08-0.15 urea solution 20.5-22.4 sodium gluconate solution 14.0-16.0 Neolith solution 14.42-16.45,

obtained by mixing the components until complete homogenization of the resulting additive solution.

Sika ViscoCrete 225P polycarboxylate, its properties are described in the Dry Mortars. Concrete Solutions "firm" ETC ". Moscow 2008

Polycarboxylates "Glenium Ace 30" and "Glenium Ace 430", their properties are described in the Technical Catalog "Additives in Concrete" of the company "BASF", 2009, p. 44-49.

Antifoam "Degressal SD-21" and its properties are described in the Technical Catalog of the company "BASF" Technical Information, 2010, c.1-17.

Sodium gluconate, its properties are described in TU 6-09-3508-80.

Redispersible copolymer substance "Neolith - P 3300, its properties are described in the Catalog" Additives for the production of dry building mixtures ", 9th edition of EuroChem-1, Moscow 2009

Urea according to GOST 2081-92.

The preparation of a complex modifying additive includes the sequential mixing of a previously prepared 30% solution of Sika ViscoCrete 225P plasticizer with a 30% solution of Glenium Ace 30 polycarboxylate or Glenium Ace 430, Degressal SD-21 defoamer solution, 5 % urea solution, 10% sodium gluconate solution and 5% "Neolith - P 3300" solution until complete homogenization of the resulting mixture of solutions.

The dosage of complex plasticizing additives is carried out in an amount of 1.0-2.0% by weight of the binder.

GPVD-5 complex modifying additive for concrete mortars, concrete based on Portland cement, slag Portland cement, gypsum binders is used in liquid form with a density of 1030-1060 kg / m ³ for its intended purpose for plasticizing concrete.

To illustrate the effectiveness of the additive in obtaining high-strength gypsum concrete with certain properties, examples of specific performance are given, and the gypsum cement binder grade G-5, as well as Portland cement M 300, were used as a binder. The tests were carried out in comparison with the complex additive GP-1.

A 30% Sika ViscoCrete 225P plasticizer solution was preliminarily prepared by dissolving, with stirring, a precisely weighed plasticizer powder in water.

A 5% urea solution was preliminarily prepared by dissolving with stirring a precisely weighed amount of urea granules in water.

A 10% solution was preliminarily prepared with stirring of precisely weighed sodium gluconate powder in water.

A 5% solution was preliminarily prepared with stirring of an accurately weighed amount of Neolith - P 3300 powder in water.

For the experimental determination of the parameters of the claimed composition, samples were made in the form of prisms 40 × 40 × 160 mm in size and cubes 100 × 100 × 100 mm in size. The compositions of the complex modifying additives GPVD-5 are shown in table 1, and the test results are shown in table 2.

EXAMPLE 1. 40 kg (20%) of a previously prepared 30% Sika ViscoCrete 225P polycarboxylate solution are poured into the mixer with continuous stirring; 50 kg (25%) of polycarboxylate "Glenium Ace 30"; 44.8 kg (22.4%) of a 5% urea solution; 0.3 kg (0.15%) of antifoam "Degressal SD-21"; 32 kg (16%) of a 10% solution of sodium gluconate and 32.9 kg (16.45%) of a 5% solution of “Neolith-P 3300” to obtain a homogeneous homogeneous solution; the obtained complex modifying additive GPVD-5 was used for the preparation of gypsum concrete as follows: while stirring in a high-speed mixer, 0.2 kg of the complex modifier GPVD-5 was poured to 25.0 kg of water and 10 kg of gypsum binder grade G-5, obtained the suspension was poured into the forms of prisms and cubes, the samples were removed from the molds after 2 hours and kept at room temperature for 7 days and then physical and mechanical tests of the obtained gypsum concrete samples were carried out. The test results are shown in table.2.

EXAMPLE 2. 56.0 kg (28%) of a previously prepared 30% Sika ViscoCrete 225P polycarboxylate solution are poured into the mixer with continuous stirring; 46 kg (23%) of the polycarboxylate "Glenium Ace 30"; 41 kg (20.5%) of a 5% urea solution; 0.16 kg (0.08%) of antifoam "Degressal SD-21"; 28 kg (14%) of a 10% solution of sodium gluconate and 28.84 kg (14.42%) of a 5% solution of “Neolith-P 3300” to obtain a homogeneous homogeneous solution; the obtained complex modifying additive GPVD-5 was used for the preparation of gypsum concrete as follows: while stirring in a high-speed mixer, 0.16 kg of the complex modifier GPVD-5 was added to 25.0 kg of water and 10 kg of gypsum binder grade G-5, obtained the suspension was poured into the forms of prisms and cubes, the samples were removed from the molds after 2 hours and kept at room temperature for 7 days and then physical and mechanical tests of the obtained gypsum concrete samples were carried out. The test results are shown in table.2.

EXAMPLE 3. 20 kg (20%) of a previously prepared 30% Sika ViscoCrete 225P polycarboxylate solution are poured into the mixer with continuous stirring; 25 kg (25%) of the polycarboxylate "Glenium Ace 430"; 22.4 kg (22.4%) of a 5% urea solution; 0.15 kg (0.15%) of antifoam "Degressal SD-21"; 16 kg (16%) of a 10% solution of sodium gluconate and 16.45 kg (16.45%) of a 5% solution of “Neolith-P 3300” to obtain a homogeneous homogeneous solution; the obtained complex modifying additive GPVD-5 was used for the preparation of gypsum concrete as follows: while stirring in a high-speed mixer, 0.2 kg of the complex modifier GPVD-5 was poured to 25.0 kg of water and 10 kg of gypsum binder grade G-5, obtained the suspension was poured into the forms of prisms and cubes, the samples were removed from the molds after 2 hours and kept at room temperature for 7 days and then physical and mechanical tests of the obtained gypsum concrete samples were carried out. The test results are shown in table.2.

EXAMPLE 4. 27 kg (27%) of a previously prepared 30% Sika ViscoCrete 225P polycarboxylate solution are poured into the mixer with continuous stirring; 24 kg (24%) of polycarboxylate "Glenium Ace 30"; 20.5 kg (20.5%) of a 5% urea solution; 0.08 kg (0.08%) of antifoam "Degressal SD-21"; 14 kg (14%) of a 10% solution of sodium gluconate and 14.42 kg (14.42%) of a 5% solution of “Neolith-P 3300” until a homogeneous homogeneous solution is obtained; the obtained complex modifying additive GPVD-5 was used to prepare gypsum concrete as follows: with stirring in a high-speed mixer, 0.15 kg of the complex modifier GPVD-5 was added to 25.0 kg of water and 10 kg of gypsum binder grade G5 was added to the resulting solution, the resulting suspension was poured in the form of prisms and cubes, the samples were removed from the molds after 2 hours and kept at room temperature for 7 days and then physical and mechanical tests of the obtained gypsum concrete samples were carried out. The test results are shown in table.2.

EXAMPLE 5. 24.4 kg (24.4%) of a previously prepared 30% Sika ViscoCrete 225P polycarboxylate solution are poured into the mixer with continuous stirring; 24 kg (24%) of polycarboxylate "Glenium Ace 30"; 21.5 kg (21.5%) of a 5% urea solution; 0.1 (0.1%) kg of antifoam "Degressal SD-21"; 15 kg (15%) of a 10% solution of sodium gluconate and 15 kg (15%) of a 5% solution of "Neolith-P 3300" to obtain a homogeneous homogeneous solution; the obtained complex modifying additive GPVD-5 was used for the preparation of gypsum concrete as follows: while stirring in a high-speed mixer, 0.2 kg of the complex modifier GPVD-5 was poured to 25.0 kg of water and 10 kg of gypsum binder grade G-5, obtained the suspension was poured into the forms of prisms and cubes, the samples were removed from the molds after 2 hours and kept at room temperature for 7 days and then physical and mechanical tests of the obtained gypsum concrete samples were carried out. The test results are shown in table.2.

EXAMPLE 6. 24.91 kg (24.91%) of a previously prepared 30% Sika ViscoCrete 225P polycarboxylate solution are poured into the mixer with continuous stirring; 24.5 kg (24.5%) of the polycarboxylate "Glenium Ace 430"; 20.5 kg (20.5%) of a 5% urea solution; 0.09 kg (0.09%) of antifoam "Degressal SD-21"; 14.5 kg (14.5%) of a 10% solution of sodium gluconate and 15.5 kg (15.5%) of a 5% solution of “Neolith-P 3300” to obtain a homogeneous homogeneous solution; the obtained complex modifying additive GPVD-5 was used to prepare gypsum concrete as follows: while stirring in a high-speed mixer, 0.2 kg of the complex modifier GPVD-5 was poured into 25.0 kg of water and 10 kg of gypsum binder grade G5 was added to the resulting solution, the resulting suspension was poured in the form of prisms and cubes, the samples were removed from the molds after 2 hours and kept at room temperature for 7 days and then physical and mechanical tests of the obtained gypsum concrete samples were carried out. The test results are shown in table.2.

EXAMPLE 7. 27 kg (27%) of a previously prepared 30% Sika ViscoCrete 225P polycarboxylate solution are poured into the mixer with continuous stirring; 23.98 kg (23.98%) of the polycarboxylate "Glenium Ace 30"; 20.5 kg (20.5%) of a 5% urea solution; 0.1 kg (0.1%) of antifoam "Degressal SD-21"; 14.0 kg (14%) of a 10% solution of sodium gluconate and 14.42 kg (14.42%) of a 5% solution of “Neolith-P 3300” until a homogeneous homogeneous solution is obtained; the obtained complex modifying additive GPVD-5 was used for the preparation of gypsum concrete as follows: with stirring in a high-speed mixer, 0.2 kg of the complex modifier GPVD-5 was added to 20.0 kg of water and 10 kg of cement binder grade 300 and 10 kg were added to the resulting solution silica sand, the resulting suspension was poured into the forms of prisms and cubes, the samples were removed from the molds after 16 hours and kept in wet conditions for 28 days, then physical and mechanical tests of the obtained gypsum concrete samples were carried out. The test results are shown in table.2.

EXAMPLE 8. 25 kg (25%) of a previously prepared 30% Sika ViscoCrete 225P polycarboxylate solution are poured into the mixer with continuous stirring; 23.42 kg (23.42%) of the polycarboxylate "Glenium Ace 430"; 21.0 kg (21%) of a 5% urea solution; 0.08 kg (0.08%) of antifoam "Degressal SD-21"; 15.0 kg (15%) of a 10% solution of sodium gluconate and 14.0 kg (14%) of a 5% solution of “Neolith-P 3300” to obtain a homogeneous homogeneous solution; the obtained complex modifying additive GPVD-5 was used to prepare gypsum concrete as follows: while stirring in a high-speed mixer, 0.2 kg of the complex modifier GPVD-5 was added to 20.0 kg of water and 10 kg of cement binder 300 and 10 kg of quartz were added to the resulting solution sand, the resulting suspension was poured into the forms of prisms and cubes, the samples were removed from the molds after 16 hours and kept in wet conditions for 28 days, then physical and mechanical tests of the obtained gypsum concrete samples were carried out. The test results are shown in table.2.

EXAMPLE 9 (prototype). 29 kg of water, 0.4 kg of GP-1 hyperplasticizer were poured into the mixer with continuous stirring, 10 kg of cement binder grade 300 and 10 kg of quartz sand were added to the mixing solution, the resulting suspension was poured into molds of prisms and cubes, samples were removed from the molds after 16 hours and kept in wet conditions for 28 days, then physico-mechanical tests of the obtained samples of gypsum concrete were carried out. The test results are shown in table.2.

Table 1 The compositions of the complex modifying additives GPVD-5 The content of components in the complex additive,% Example No. Additive components (neat or solutions) one 2 3 four 5 6 7 8 Sika ViscoCrete 225P twenty 28 twenty 27 24.4 24.91 27 25 "Glenium Ace 30" 25 23 - 24 24 - 23.98 "Glenium Ace 430" - - 25 - - 24.5 - 23.42 Degressal SD-21 0.15 0.08 0.15 0.08 0.1 0.09 0.1 0.08 Urea 22.4 20.5 22.4 20.5 21.5 20.3 20.5 21 Sodium Gluconate 16 fourteen 16 fourteen fifteen 14.5 14.42 14.5 Neolith - P 3300 16.45 14.42 16.45 14.42 fifteen 15,5 14.42 14.5

table 2 Test results of the complex modifying additives GPVD-5 Example No. W / T (water-solid ratio Dates, mines start end Suttart spread, mm Strength after 28 days, MPa
Bending Compression Waterlogging
% Frost resistance cycles Softening coefficient one 0.2 35 60 300 16 57 2,4 55 0.82 2 0.2 thirty 60 300 eighteen 60 2.0 one hundred 0.85 3 0.3 40 90 300 16 56 2.5 one hundred 0.83 four 0.3 40 90 300 16 58 2.6 one hundred 0.85 5 0.3 45 90 290 17 59 2,4 one hundred 0.86 6 0.2 45 110 300 35 82 1,1 one hundred 0.86 7 0.18 60 120 290 45 96 0.8 one hundred 0.96 8 0.19 fifty 120 300 40 94 0.9 one hundred 0.95 9 0.4 fifty 90 170 6 fifty 7.8 35 0.71

From the data of table 2 it can be seen that the proposed complex modifying additive for concrete mortars, dry building mixtures according to this technical solution has significant advantages over the prototype and known methods in terms of strength indicators, water absorption, softening coefficient, frost resistance, molding properties, as well as energy costs due to smaller amounts of additives.

Claims (1)

Complex modifying additive for concrete solutions, including a 30% solution of Sika ViscoCrete 225P polycarboxylate, a 30% solution of Glenium ACE 30 or ACE 430 polycarboxylate; antifoam solution "Degressal SD-21", 5% solution of urea, 10% solution of sodium gluconate and 5% solution of redispersible copolymer substance "Neolith - P 3300" in the following ratio, wt.%:
Sika ViscoCrete 225P mortar 20.0-28.0 Glenium Ace 30 or 430 solution 23.0-25.0 antifoam "Degressal SD-21" 0.08-0.15 urea solution 20.5-22.4 sodium gluconate solution 14.0-16.0 Neolith-P 3300 solution 14.42-16.45,
obtained by mixing the components until complete homogenization of the resulting additive solution.