RU24480U1 - ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY ASSEMBLY - Google Patents

Description

M.C.: E04B1 / 343

Mounting unit for sectional assembly

The utility model relates to the field of construction, in particular, to prefabricated sectional self-supporting shells, and can be used in the construction of prefabricated structures, for example, hangars, warehouses, exhibition halls, workshops, trading tents, indoor tennis courts, sports halls and so on.

Currently, frameless arched structures that combine load-bearing and enclosing functions using light heaters are widely used.

Their main advantages are the simplicity of design and installation, as well as the short construction time (1),

The technology for the construction of structures of this type is as follows.

A special so-called hangar machine forms metal sections in the form of arches, for example, from galvanized steel sheets. These sections (arches) are also formed with flanges of a special shape in the form of flanges bent outward. The flanges of the adjacent sections bent outward are then joined and mechanically fastened (rolled up) using a special machine by bending the ends. As a result of rolling, a tight connection of adjacent sections is formed. The sections sequentially assembled in this way form an arched structure, combining bearing and enclosing functions. As a result, a lightweight self-supporting structure is formed. Sections in the form of arches can be supported with ends either on a light foundation, or on some other supporting structures. If the sections do not have special supports, then the width of the sections on the base can be up to 20 m. If there is a special support base, the width of the sections at the base can be significantly larger. The created structure, as noted above, can be used as a warehouse, indoor tennis court, sports hall, etc.

When creating such structures, there is a technical problem, which consists in providing fastening to their metal sections of additional structures, in particular.

insulation, crates, lamps, etc. without breaking the tightness of the metal shell.

This task may have various solutions.

For example, it is possible to erect with the described technique, or in other words, “roll, two frameless arched contours with a dimension |; insulation of the insulation in the gap between them. However, at the same time, the cost of construction and material consumption increase, the construction time is lengthened, labor costs are increased.

Another solution is to spray insulation on the extra-surface of the hangar, for example, polyurethane foam or some other composition, you imagine; it is a mixture of insulation with glue. However, this technique is not cheap. The sprayed insulation has a low-quality appearance. There are problems with fire safety, since the sprayed materials are combustible materials. In addition, insulation spraying works are seasonal, since spraying should be carried out at a temperature not lower than + 3C.

One of the options for solving the technical problem mentioned is to pre-attach intermediate mounting parts to the metal sections, onto which thermal insulation, as well as lamps and other electrical equipment, are then directly or through a wooden crate.

air conditioners and so on. However, attaching each mounting part to a metal section is also a difficult technical task.

For example, fastening can be carried out using through holes made in the metal sections. However, the formation of through holes in the metal sections for mounting mounting parts is not allowed, as it leads to a decrease in the bearing capacity of the structure, penetration of external precipitation into the room, and contributes to the occurrence of metal corrosion.

Known mounting unit of the prefabricated sectional shell, comprising a mounting part attached to metal sections, the joint between which is made in the form of bent joined flanges with bent ends (2).

This technical solution was adopted as the closest analogue (prototype) of the claimed utility model, since it is closest to it in terms of the totality of common essential features and the achieved result.

In a known mounting unit, the connection of the mounting part to the metal sections is carried out by welding.

The disadvantages of the known design of the mounting node are as follows: fire hazard due to

welding, labor, relatively long lead times. In addition, as shown by the practice of operation, in the summer due to significant and uneven heating by the sun of the metal surface of the sections and the occurrence of deformations, delamination of welded mounting parts occurs.

The purpose of the utility model is the intention to find a technical solution for the assembly unit of the prefabricated sectional sheath, which would be characterized by knife safety, simplicity of design and installation, strength, high reliability and durability of the connection, short installation time.

To achieve these goals, the assembly unit of the sectional shell assembly is claimed, including a mounting part attached to metal sections, the joint between which is made in the form of bent joined flanges with bent ends, and, according to a utility model, the mounting part is an elongated metal element, forced into the joint to a depth exceeding the start line of the bending of the bent ends of the joined flanges, while at least the end section of the part introduced into the joint

elongated metal element is made with the possibility of plastic bending in it.

This set of common essential features is the essence of the claimed utility model. It is necessary and sufficient in all cases of its implementation.

The applicant considers it necessary to clarify that the term "plastic bending is a term taken from the course" Resistance of materials. This term refers to such a bending of a metal part in which after removing external forces it does not return to its original position, in contrast to, for example, the elastic bending of a metal rod, in which after removing external forces the metal rod takes its original shape.

In relation to the claimed utility model, the plastic bending of the end portion of an elongated metal element means that if it is pulled out of the joint, it will remain bent.

Thus, according to the above described essence of the utility model, its peculiarity lies in the fact that they first take the mounting part, which is an oblong metal element, for example, a rod or plate, and hammer it into the joint to a depth that turns the start line

bending the bent ends of the joined flanges. Due to the fact that at least the end portion of the elongated metal element introduced into the joint is pliable bent therein, the end of the elongated metal element is bent at the junction. As a result of this, the mounting part is securely anchored in the joint. On the free end of the oblong metal element remaining outside the joint, the aforementioned insulation or wooden lathing or other construction necessary for the functioning of the structure, for example, electric fittings, lamps, etc., can be hung. It takes little time to mount this mounting unit.

fire safety, simplicity and high reliability of the connection.

Moreover, we consider it necessary to highlight the following development and / or refinement of the general consistency of the essential features of the device related to particular cases of its implementation or use.

As noted, an elongated metal element may have a different design. In particular, it may be a solid metal rod or plate. However, the rod may be complete and composite.

To facilitate the bending of the elongated metal element in the process of driving it into the joint, various design methods can be used. For example, the end section of the part of a flat extended element introduced into the joint can be made thinner compared to the rest (thinned) especially during its manufacture. Moreover, if necessary, it can be further flattened. Or, this element may be initially made without thinning, and then thinned as a result of flattening. To facilitate the bending of an elongated metal element during its driving into the joint, it can be annealed to increase the softness and ductility of the metal as a result of changes in the structure of the metal from which it is made. As is known, annealing is a type of heat treatment of metal, as a result of which its ductility increases due to structural changes.

To further facilitate bending, the end portion of the portion of the flat extended element introduced into the stpc can be additionally bent.

In addition, it is preferable that the leading edge of the end portion of the jointed portion of the flat extended

element would be pointy. It also facilitates its penetration into the joint.

As noted above, the rod can be made composite. In this case, it is preferable that the part introduced to the joint be made of metal with the possibility of plastic bending in it, and the other part of the rod would be made of more durable metal.

However, if the entire rod is made of metal with such a high degree of plastic bending that it can bend from impacts at its end, then to facilitate the process of forcibly driving an oblong metal element, it is desirable that the open end face of the elongated metal element have a supporting part of the surface under a tool for driving a mounting part into a joint that would be made in the form of a rod having a groove located at one end for pushing it against the abutment in the abutment part of the surface of the open tsa.

In addition to the above, the applicant considers it necessary to note that in order to increase the reliability of anchoring the oblong metal element inside the joint, it is preferable that the oblong metal element, in addition to plastic bending, be additionally crimped at the joint

joined flanges, and additional roughness would have been applied to its surface.

In conclusion of this section of the onslaught, the applicant considers it necessary to dwell once more on some of the advantages of the claimed utility model, which directly follow from the above description.

As noted earlier, the purpose of this utility model is to create an assembly unit from cheap building materials, characterized by simplicity and high reliability of the connection, as well as malplies with installation time.

An important advantage of the utility model is also that it can be relatively simple and easy to implement on technological equipment that is currently widely used in the domestic industry using cheap building materials.

These and other advantages of the utility model can be seen in more detail after referring to the drawings below and the description of the present application.

The utility model is illustrated in the drawing.

In FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a hangar, on the example of which the claimed utility model, axonometry, are implemented;

On Fig, 2 is a section along aa in figl, showing the cross section of the junction of the sections of the hangar at the initial moment of forced introduction of an elongated metal element in the joint;

In FIG. 3 - the same, at the end of the forced introduction of an elongated metal element in the joint;

In FIG. 4 is a section along AA in FIG. 1 using a tool to drive a mounting part into a joint.

The mounting unit is illustrated by the example of its use for attaching additional structures to the inner surface of a precast sectional shell 1, for example, a hangar consisting of metal sections 2. Joint 3 between metal sections 2 is made in the form of bent joined flanges 4 of adjacent metal sections 2 with bent ends 5 The mounting unit includes a mounting part in the form of an elongated metal element 6, for example, a metal rod, which is forcibly inserted, in particular, hammered, in 3 to a depth prevyschayuschuyu line 7 starts bending the bent ends of the flanges 4 5 stacked adjacent metal sections 2. To provide such a bend, at least the end portion 8 inserted into the joint portion 9 of the elongated metal element 6 is

POSSIBILITY of plastic bending at the junction in contact with the inner surface of the bent end 5 of the flange 4.

The work of creating the mounting unit is as follows.

After the construction of the prefabricated sectional shell 1, first, the joints of 3 adjacent metal sections 2 are marked, in which it is necessary to fix the mounting parts. These places are determined, in particular, depending on the type of additional structures that need to be attached to the prefabricated sectional shell 1 from the inside (insulation, crate, lamps, etc.). After that, the device assembly units in these places. For this purpose, an assembly part in the form of an initially rectilinear elongated metal element 6, for example, a metal rod, is forcibly introduced into the intended place of each article 3. The input direction of the mounting part is shown in FIG. 2 by the arrow indicated by position 10. Forcing is most simple to carry out by hammer blows on the end face 11 of the elongated metal element 6. During deepening into the joint 3, the end section 8 of the initially rectilinear oblong metal element 6 after reaching the line 7 of the beginning of bending of the bent ends 5 of the joined flanges 4 adjacent metal sections 2 begins to gradually bend from touching bent

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surfaces of adjacent flanges 4 forming joint 3, assuming the shape of a joint and ensuring that the mounting part is held in joint 3. At the end of immersion, the end portion 8 of the elongated metal element 6 introduced into joint 3 of part 9 is bent as a result of plastic bending at the joint, as shown in FIG. 3. An oblong metal element 6 is firmly fixed at the joint 3. The position located outside the junction of part 12 of the oblong metal element 6 immediately after clogging is shown in FIG. 3 dashed lines. It is intended for clogging an oblong metal element 6, as well as for attaching additional structures that must be attached to the precast sectional shell 1 from the inside (insulation, lathing, lamps, etc.). To this end, it is usually advisable to bend the portion 12 of the elongated metal element 6 located outside of the wall. 3 with the arrow at 13.

Thus, all the assembly units are created in the intended places of the stitches 3 of the adjacent metal sections 2 of the prefabricated sectional shell 1. Then, for example, a wooden lath of wood is attached to the parts 12 of the elongated metal elements 6 located outside the styos.

pre-impregnated with special impregnating fire retardants in order to impart fire resistance. Flexible foil glass mat can be mechanically attached to the crate. Joints of adjacent glass mat are sealed. The appearance of the coating obtained in this way is quite aesthetic. It looks like a metal blanket. To protect the insulation from mechanical influences at the level of 2-3 meters from the floor, fenders can be mounted around the perimeter of the structure. The thickness of the insulation can be any. Usually it is a multiple of 50 mm.

The problem of condensate formed on the inner surface of such coatings can be successfully solved by the selection of special ventilation modes.

To ensure increased aesthetic requirements for the insulated inner surface of the coating, decorative coatings, for example, vinyl panels, can be mounted on the insulating surface created using the claimed mounting units. This is possible due to the high bearing capacity of the proposed mounting nodes.

Let us consider in more detail the elongated metal element 6. It can be made both whole-piece and composite and, in addition, have various forms of execution. For example, he can

To represent a metal rod of any cross-sectional shape, in particular, round, square, T-shaped, etc. It can also be made in the form of a plate or have a different shape. It is essential that the elongated metal element 6 has two parts: the part 9 introduced into the joint with the end section 8 bent at the joint and the part 12 located outside the joint ending in the end 11.

The part 9 introduced into the joint with the end section 8 of the elongated metal element 6 bent at the joint must be made so that at least the end section 8 has the ability to bend plasticly at the joint. As noted above, the term “plastic bending, taken from the course“ Resistance of materials ”, means a bending of an elongated metal element 6, in which after removing external forces it does not return to its original position, in contrast to, for example, the elastic bending of a metal rod, in which after the external forces are removed, the metal rod assumes its original shape. This is most easily achieved by making the elongated metal element 6 composite, when the part 9 introduced into the joint with the end section 8 of the elongated metal element 6 bent at the joint would be

made of a relatively soft and elastic material, and part 12 located outside the junction 3 would be made of a more “hard metal capable of withstanding the hammer blows on the end face 11 and not bending. However, the manufacture of an elongated metal element 6 of this design is difficult and time-consuming. Therefore, it is advisable to design an elongated metal element 6 in the form of a solid rod, the material and geometric dimensions are selected so that the part 12 located on the outside of the joint 3 does not bend from hammer blows at the end face 11, but at least the end section 8 is inserted into the joint of another its parts 9 are made with the possibility of plastic bending at the joint 3. To facilitate this task, the end portion 8 of the elongated metal element introduced into the joint part 9 can be thinned, as shown in FIG. 2 - figure 4. In addition, the entire part 9 of the elongated metal element 6 with the end portion 8 can also be thinned. The mentioned thinning can be obtained by flattening the end part of the workpiece in the form of a rod, for example, with a hammer. As noted earlier, the provision of plastic bending of the end portion 8 can be achieved as a result of its annealing to increase the softness and ductility of the metal as a result of structural changes under the influence of high

temperature. As is known, annealing is a type of heat treatment of metal, as a result of which its ductility increases due to structural changes.

To facilitate the penetration of the oblong metal element 6 into the joint 3, it is advisable that the end portion 8 of the oblong metal element 6 would be made not straight, but with a bend 14 at the end. This will prevent accidental jamming of the elongated metal element 6 during clogging in the joint 3.

To further facilitate the process of penetration of an elongated metal element 6 into the joint 3, the implementation of the pointed front edge of the end portion 8.

To increase the reliability of fixing the elongated metal element 6 at the junction 3, it is advisable to ensure its compression in the junction of the joined flanges. This can be achieved, for example, by making its diameter of the elongated metal element 6 slightly larger than the gap at the junction 3.

Improving the reliability of fixing the elongated metal element 6 at the junction 3 can also be achieved by applying to its surface an additional

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between the surface of the elongated metal element 6 and the surfaces of adjacent flanges 4 contacting it, forming a joint 3.

The applicant also considers it appropriate to draw the attention of the examination to the following particular case of a utility model. In some cases, when an oblong metal element 6 is clogged by hammer blows on the end face 11, it will not sink into the joint 3, but will begin to bend its part 12, which is located outside the fastener 3, This can happen, for example, when using a plate or an integral metal element 6 a rod made of too “mild steel”. In this case, to create the mounting unit, it is advisable that the end face And of the elongated metal element 6 located on the outside of the joint have a supporting part of the surface under the tool 15 for driving the mounting part into joint 3 (Fig. 4). This tool is made in the form of a rod 16 having a groove 17 located at one end for pushing against the abutment against the abutment surface 11 of the elongated metal element 6. A tool 15 is used to drive the mounting part in the following manner. First, the elongated metal element 6 is inserted into the groove 17 so that part 9 of the elongated metal element protrudes from it

6 With the end section bent in the runoff 8. Then, the end section 8 is immersed in the joint 3, for example, by hammering the outer end 18 of the tool 15 to drive the mounting part into the joint.

The claimed utility model can be effectively used for attaching additional structures to self-supporting shells of hangars and other shell structures having joints in the form of bent docked flanges with bent ends, without violating the integrity of the shell. This, in particular, applies to the construction of storage facilities and car services. The use of the utility model can also be extended to such building structures as rectangular metal hangars, concrete and brick rooms, indoor sports halls and tennis courts.

Sources of information taken into account:

1. Melnikov N.P. Metal constructions. Designer reference. 2nd edition, M., Stroyizdat, 1980, pp. 619-621;

2. US patent No. 4160340, class 47-27, published. 1979 (prototype).

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Claims (12)

1. The mounting unit of the prefabricated sectional shell, comprising a mounting part attached to metal sections, the joint between which is made in the form of bent joined docked flanges with bent ends, characterized in that the mounting part is an elongated metal element, forced into the joint to a depth exceeding the start line of the bending of the bent ends of the joined flanges, and at least the end section of the elongated metal element introduced into the joint is made with the possibility of I have a plastic bend in it.  2. The mounting unit of the prefabricated sectional shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the elongated metal element is a solid rod.  3. The mounting unit of the prefabricated sectional shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the elongated metal element is a solid plate.  4. The assembly unit of the prefabricated sectional shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the end portion of the elongated metal element introduced into the joint is thinned.  5. The mounting assembly of the sectional sheath according to claim 4, characterized in that the end portion of the elongated metal element introduced into the joint is flattened.  6. The mounting unit of the prefabricated sectional shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the end portion of the elongated metal element introduced into the joint is annealed.  7. The assembly unit of the prefabricated sectional shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the end portion of the elongated metal element introduced into the joint is made with a bend at the end.  8. The mounting unit of the prefabricated sectional shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the front edge of the end portion of the elongated metal element introduced into the joint is pointed.  9. The mounting unit of the prefabricated sectional shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the elongated metal element is pressed at the junction of the joined flanges.  10. The mounting unit of the prefabricated sectional shell according to claim 1, characterized in that an additional roughness is applied to the surface of the elongated metal element.  11. The assembly unit of the prefabricated sectional shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the end face of the elongated metal element located outside the joint has a supporting part of the surface under the tool for driving the mounting part into the joint, which is made in the form of a rod having a groove located at one end until it stops in the supporting part of the surface of the end face of the elongated metal element. 12. The assembly unit of the prefabricated sectional shell according to claim 1, characterized in that the elongated metal element is a composite rod, the part inserted into the joint is made of metal with the possibility of plastic bending in it.