RU2446962C2 - Special truck to carry and store fluid radioactive wastes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to nuclear power engineering. Proposed truck comprises drive cabin 1, truck chassis 2 with hydraulic drive and p.t.o.-box, chassis top frame 3 with fittings for attachment of technological module consisting of metal container 6 to house tank 5 for liquid radioactive wastes and extra power supply and technological equipment. Proposed truck is equipped with protective shield 7, automatic radioactive control and warning system, remote control board, self-contained compact electric power station and jig manipulator.

EFFECT: higher reliability and safety.

4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to nuclear energy and can be used for transportation and temporary storage of medium- and low-level liquid radioactive waste from nuclear plants and other enterprises of the nuclear industry.

Medium- and low-level liquid radioactive waste are a source of ionizing radiation, therefore, biological protection and reliability during their transportation are required. This requirement determined the design of protective containers for transporting and storing liquid radioactive waste: protective containers for transporting and storing liquid radioactive waste represent a container of round or other cross-section with hatches and means for their mutual connection and sealing. Such containers can be equipped with means for their interaction with load-gripping devices of hoisting-and-transport mechanisms for carrying out technological and warehouse operations.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed invention is a special vehicle ОЖ-10 for transportation of liquid radioactive waste, which is a tank mounted on a ZIL-130 car frame made of stainless steel with an alarm and safety device and a vacuum system. The tank is equipped with drawers for storing intake hoses, tools and fencing devices. Exhaust gases pass through the bypass pipe into the casing of the vacuum system, which allows it to be heated in winter. The tank is filled with a vacuum pump. The front bottom of the tank is separated from the driver’s cab by a 20 mm thick lead screen. On the rear bottom in a special compartment of the tank there is a flange valve for suctioning liquid, a shut-off valve for draining liquid from the tank and a removable drain pan with a drain valve. In addition, two lampshades and a light panel are placed on the back of the tank, which allows the driver to determine the degree of filling of the tank. To prevent the deposition of solid radioactive residues on the inner walls, the special vehicle ОЖ-10 is equipped with a washing device (I. A. Sobolev, L. M. Khomchik “Disposal of radioactive waste at centralized sites”, 1983, pp. 12-13).

The disadvantages of the known design are:

- the possibility of deposits at the bottom of the tank of solid radioactive residues;

- freezing of liquid radioactive waste in the tank at negative ambient temperatures;

- insufficient protection of the tank from external forces;

- the inability to operate the pump and the supply and discharge of liquid radioactive waste without connecting to an external power supply network;

- the lack of the ability to remove the tank from the chassis of a special vehicle to work in places inaccessible to vehicles.

The problem solved by the present invention is to increase the reliability and radiation safety of transportation of liquid radiation waste to the place of processing or storage, as well as the possibility of their temporary storage without the use of additional resources.

The problem is solved by the described special vehicle for transportation and temporary storage of liquid radioactive waste, which contains a driver’s cabin, a protective screen, a cargo chassis equipped with a hydraulic drive and a power take-off, with an installed subframe with fitting mountings, on which a metal frame container is fixed, inside which has a tank for liquid radioactive waste in the form of a container with means for feeding and draining the contents, and the tank contains an external and the inner shell, the space between which is filled with a sorbent, and is equipped with a mixing system, a heating system, a leakage collection system and a ventilation system, a decontamination system, a protective screen is installed along the inner wall of the container frame from the side of the driver’s cab, inside the container frame is also equipped with a modular compartment to accommodate the energy supply system and instrumentation, pencil cases for storing hoses and emergency kit.

Preferably, the special vehicle is equipped with an automatic radiation monitoring and warning system and a remote control.

The vehicle’s energy supply system contains an autonomous small-sized power plant installed to ensure the functioning of the special vehicle’s functional systems in the absence of an external power supply network.

A special vehicle may additionally comprise a crane manipulator located on its cargo chassis.

The claimed technical result is provided by the design of a special vehicle described above. The presence of a subframe on the chassis of the vehicle allows fast and reliable fastening with the help of fitting fasteners, which are quick-disconnect, a metal frame container and, accordingly, provide increased mechanical protection of the tank from external forces. In addition, the use of the container frame allows you to place the necessary number of technological and energy equipment in a special vehicle, which increases the safety of its operation. Filling the space between the shells of the tank with a sorbent ensures the absorption of possible leaks of liquid radioactive waste and tampons possible damage. The claimed placement of the protective screen increases the degree of biological protection of the driver-operator.

The invention is illustrated by the following and the drawings illustrating the claimed invention.

The claimed car contains: 1 - driver's cab; 2 - a cargo chassis with hydraulic drive and power take-off; 3 - subframe, 4 - fitting attachment points, 5 - tank for liquid radioactive waste; 6 - metal frame container; 7 - a protective screen; 8 - modular compartment, 9 - pencil case, 10 - emergency kit, 11 - control panel, 12 - autonomous small-sized power station, 13 - crane-manipulator installation, 14 - compressor, 15 - level gauge, 16 - thermoelectric heater, 17 - thermal fan, 18 - temperature sensor, 19 - pressure sensor, 20 - pump, 21 - shutoff valves (valves), 22 - slotted nozzle, 23 - piping of functional systems, 24 - ball valve, 25 - small breathing valve, 26 - outer shell of the tank, 27 - the inner shell of the tank, 28 - the sorbent, 29 - the drain pan of the leakage collection system, as well as the functional nye system:

- supply and discharge of liquid radioactive waste;

- decontamination;

- mixing liquid radioactive waste;

- heating;

- collection of leaks;

- ventilation of the tank of liquid radioactive waste;

- energy supply;

- instrumentation and instrumentation;

- radiation monitoring and warning.

The figures show:

figure 1 is a General view of a special vehicle;

figure 2 is a top view of a special vehicle;

figure 3 - layout of equipment and devices of functional systems of a special vehicle;

4 is a General view of the modular compartment.

The supply of a special vehicle with a subframe with fitting attachment points located on the chassis frame of the vehicle allows the proposed design to be implemented as a removable module.

The supply of the special vehicle’s tank with a small breathing valve, which is part of the ventilation system, designed to equalize the pressure in the tank with external pressure, eliminates the leakage of liquid radioactive waste from the tank in the event of a rollover.

The use of our own autonomous small-sized power station allows you to work all the functional systems of a special vehicle in the absence of an external power supply network.

The tank heating system consists of thermoelectric heaters for heating liquid radioactive waste and heat fans for heating the module and equipment systems, which allows for the transportation of liquid radioactive waste in the cold season, as well as for temporary storage of the module in a room or on a site at negative ambient temperature .

Providing a special vehicle with a special control panel located in a modular compartment allows you to make the entire process of controlling a car’s systems remote and automated. Indications from temperature, pressure, level gauges are displayed on the control panel panel. In the form of light and sound indications, the operation of the functional systems of the module, electromagnetic valves and a control sensor of malfunction of the level gauge is traced.

The use of a liquid radioactive waste mixing system in a tank helps prevent salts of liquid radioactive waste from precipitating during operation of the module in an autonomous mode. The system includes a pump, compressor, pipelines, shutoff valves of liquid radioactive waste feed-discharge means and slot nozzles placed on each side of the tank in its bottom part.

Transport and technological operations when handling the claimed special vehicle can be carried out as follows.

The tank is installed directly at the tank with liquid radioactive waste or at the drain pipe of the liquid radioactive waste supply pipeline. To supply liquid radioactive waste to the tank, a sampling hose is connected to its quick disconnect connection, which is placed in special canisters mounted on a protective metal frame-container. The second end of the hose is lowered into the tank with liquid radioactive waste or connected to the drain pipe pipe to pump the required amount of liquid radioactive waste.

The driver-operator opens the crane, turns on the power station and, after checking on the control panel that all functional systems are ready for operation, opens the valves and turns on the pump.

When filling the tank with liquid radioactive waste to the working volume, a signal is sent from the level gauge to turn off the pump and close the valves.

The faucet is closed, the intake hose is disconnected, the controls on the control panel are restored to their original position, the power station is turned off, the doors of the modular compartment are closed.

After that, the maximum value of the radiation dose rate from the transported liquid radioactive waste is checked on the surface of the tank and at a distance of 1 m from it, as well as in the cab of the special vehicle. The module is ready for transportation of liquid radioactive waste. If the tank was removed from the cargo vehicle chassis of a special vehicle, it is necessary to install it back and proceed to the transportation of liquid radioactive waste to the place of storage or processing.

To drain liquid radioactive waste from the tank, a drain hose must be connected to its quick disconnect connection. Lower the second end of the hose into the tank for liquid radioactive waste or connect it to its inlet pipe.

The driver-operator opens the crane, turns on the power station and, after checking on the control panel the readiness of all functional systems of the special vehicle for operation, opens the valves and turns on the pump. After draining the liquid radioactive waste, the pump is turned off, the valves are closed, the ball valve is closed, the drain hose is disconnected, the controls on the control panel are reset, the power station is turned off, the compartment doors are closed.

The tank is ready for internal and, if necessary, external decontamination.

Further, a special vehicle can be sent to the destination for the next filling of the tank and transportation or temporary storage of waste.

Claims (4)

1. A special vehicle for transportation and temporary storage of liquid radioactive waste, comprising a driver's cab, a cargo chassis, a tank for liquid radioactive waste in the form of a container with means for feeding and draining contents, a protective screen, characterized in that on a cargo chassis equipped with a hydraulic drive and a box power take-off, a subframe with fitting fasteners is installed, on which a metal frame-container is fixed, inside of which there is a tank containing the outer and inner shell , the space between which is filled with a sorbent, and equipped with a mixing system, a heating system, a decontamination system, a leak collection system and a heating and ventilation system, a protective screen is installed along the inner wall of the metal frame container from the driver’s cab side, inside the frame container is equipped with a modular compartment for placing an energy supply system and instrumentation and instrumentation, pencil cases for storing hoses and an emergency kit. 2. The special vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with an automatic radiation monitoring and notification system and a remote control panel. 3. The special vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the energy supply system comprises an autonomous small-sized power station installed to enable the operation of special vehicle systems in the absence of an external power supply network. 4. The special vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a removable crane-manipulator, located on the truck chassis.

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