RU2438773C2 - Film-type contact device and heat exchanger packing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to contact devices, namely, to regular packings to be used in extraction, absorption and rectification in oil processing, petrochemical and chemical industries. Proposed device comprises box-like nearly plane parallel elements made up of nearly vertical and parallel webs and turbulisers. Said webs have two walls arranged across plane parallel elements. Turbulisers are arranged between said webs and provided with said flanges arranged in parallel. Web widths equals or exceeds that of turbulisers. Packing is made up of contact devices so that box-like plane parallel elements of adjacent devices are located perpendicular. ^ EFFECT: possibility to vary flow direction, rate and contact area, and to increase heat exchange efficiency. ^ 12 cl, 17 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the construction of contact devices for the implementation of heat and mass transfer processes, namely regular nozzles, and can be used to carry out processes such as extraction, absorption and rectification in the oil refining, petrochemical and chemical industries.

A contact device of the film type [1] is known, including plane-parallel rectangular elements formed vertically and parallel to each other by film-bearing partitions in the form of grids and horizontally located between them turbulent elements in the form of rods. Inside each plane-parallel rectangular element, an ordered phase movement occurs in countercurrent, in a plane perpendicular to the planes of the film-bearing partitions. In a parallel plane, an arbitrary redistribution of phases is possible.

Known packing for countercurrent high pressure columns and high pressure columns [2], in which the packing elements are mainly square in shape, are composed of layers formed by corrugated or folded zigzag plates. There are no turbulators in the stuffing elements, but the plates are composed so that they form slit-like or channel-shaped voids. Inside the voids there is an ordered movement of phases in countercurrent. The layers are oriented in such a way that slit-like or channel-shaped voids between the plates are laterally bounded by transverse zigzag channel-shaped voids of adjacent packing elements. Due to this, the phase flows from the packing element get into the channel-shaped voids of only the extreme plates of the neighboring packing elements, which provides a more uniform phase distribution in the cross section of the column than in the column with devices [1].

The technical problem solved by the invention is to increase the efficiency of heat and mass transfer processes by improving the distribution of liquid over the nozzle cross section and increasing the contact surface area of the phases, expanding the effective working range, reducing transverse mixing and creating the possibility of distributing flows across the cross section of the column between the blocks of contact devices.

Below the invention is illustrated in the drawings. They show:

figure 1 - the basic structure of the nozzle according to the invention;

figure 2 is a sectional view of the block of the contact device;

figure 3, 5-6 is a section aa of figure 2;

figure 4 is a top view of figure 2;

7-8 is a General view of a structured element;

Fig.9-17 is a diagram of an arrangement of turbulent elements.

Figure 1 shows two versions of the plate regular nozzles of two layers, placed in the casing of the column 1.

Each layer of the nozzle 2 is composed of contact devices 3 having the shape of a rectangular straight parallelepiped, the side faces of which are approximately parallel to the vertical axis 4 of the column body.

Each layer of the nozzle 5 is composed of parallelepiped-shaped contact devices 6, the two side faces of which are approximately parallel to the vertical axis 4 of the column body, and the other two side faces are located at an angle to the vertical axis 4 of the column body.

Figure 2 presents a variant of the contact device of the film type, including volumetric, approximately plane-parallel elements 7, formed approximately vertically and parallel to each other by partitions 8 and turbulent elements 9 installed between the partitions.

Partitions 8 (hereinafter referred to as mesh) are made of woven mesh, expanded metal, perforated, perforated corrugated sheet and other materials. Turbulent elements 9 (hereinafter turbulizers) of predominantly rectangular cross-section, are made of solid as well as expanded metal, perforated, perforated-corrugated sheet, mesh and other materials.

The heavy phase (liquid) flows along the grids 8 in the form of a film, the light phase (gas or liquid), the direction of movement of which is indicated by arrows, moves in countercurrent within each element 7, is divided by turbulators 9 into two flows, each of which passes through cells in the grids 8 and in a local cross-current, interacts with the heavy phase. Then the flows fall into the upstream element 7, mix and the process continues.

Figure 3 presents a section of the contact device, made parallel to the surface of the grids 8. The turbulator 9 has a turbulizing shelf 10 and two side shelves 11, approximately parallel to each other. The shelves 11 are parallel to the side walls 12 of the grids 8. The length of the shelves 11 of the turbulators 9 is equal to the distance between the turbulizing shelves of the adjacent turbulators 9. In the contact device, an ordered phase movement occurs in a plane perpendicular to the planes of the film-bearing elements. The phase movement in a plane parallel to the surface of the grids 8 is completely limited by the shelves 11. In the nozzle 2 (Fig. 1) in each layer, the contact devices 3 are rotated relative to each other and the vertical axis 4 by 90 ° and the shelves 11 divide the entire cross section of the column into isolated channels. The movement of phases occurs along the formed channels and, unlike nozzles [1] and [2], the redistribution of phases in the cross section of the column is completely excluded.

Figure 4 presents a top view of the contact device. The grid 8 has a front film-bearing surface 13 and two walls 12, which are located across plane-parallel elements 7 (figure 2). The side walls 12 have a width greater than the width of the turbulators 9. A grid 14 is inserted into the grid 8, turbulizers 9 are installed between the grids. The turbulators 9 are kept from moving by the surfaces 13 and 15 of adjacent grids. Turbulizers 9 in this case play, in addition, the role of distance stops, which ensure the installation of grids at a given distance. When installing the grid 14, the walls 16 of the grid 15 move apart the walls 12 of the grid 8, and the elastic and frictional forces between the walls that arise keep all the elements from moving each other. The following grids and turbulators are installed similarly. The last one is a flat film-bearing element 17, and the parts of the walls 18 of the last mesh 19, protruding above the surface 20 of the element 17, are bent to touch the surface 20. All elements can be fixed to each other by at least two ties 21, which surround and press against each other all elements fix the forces of elasticity and friction between them, providing high bulk strength of the contact device.

5 and 6 show sections of contact devices, in which the turbulators have intermediate shelves 22, approximately parallel to their side shelves 11. FIG. 5 shows a section of the contact device, in which the intermediate shelves 22 of adjacent turbulators 9 are in line and divide the plane-parallel elements 7 into several parts. The number of isolated channels increases, and a more uniform phase distribution in the column section is achieved.

Figure 6 shows a section of a contact device in which the intermediate shelves 22 of adjacent turbulators 9 are offset from each other, divide the plane-parallel elements 7 into several parts, and further change the paths of the phase flows, which increases the efficiency of heat and mass transfer processes.

The intermediate shelf 22 can be formed by a flexible turbulizer (figure 5) or welded to the turbulizer (figure 6).

The grid 8 and the turbulators 9 can be previously connected into a structured element.

7 shows a General view of the structured element 23, in which the turbulators 9 are attached to the grid 8 by welding.

On Fig - using fixed lock joints formed by bending part of the side walls 12, protruding above the side shelves 11 of the turbulators 9.

Figure 9-17 shows various layout diagrams of contact devices.

In contact devices made according to the schemes shown in Figs. 9, 10, 11, part of the light phase is directed to the walls 12 of the grids, passes through the cells, interacts with the heavy phase in a cross current, which flows down the walls 12 in the form of a film, and enters extreme elements 7 (figure 2) adjacent contact devices 3 (figure 1). The surface area of the contact and the direction of the flow of phases is set and regulated by changing the shape of the turbulators 9.

12 shows a diagram of a contact device with inclined turbulators 9. The length of the shelves 11 of the turbulators is equal to the distance between the turbulizing shelves of the adjacent turbulators. Contact devices made according to this scheme have lower hydraulic resistance than the contact devices shown in Fig. 3, and as a result, high phase flow rates, which increases the efficiency of heat and mass transfer processes.

On Fig and 14 shows a diagram of contact devices with inclined turbulators 9 of various shapes. Contact devices made according to these schemes have less hydraulic resistance, and part of the light phase passes through the cells of the side walls of the nets. The combination of the properties of the contact devices shown in the diagrams of Figures 9, 10, 12 also increases the efficiency of heat and mass transfer processes.

On Fig shows a diagram of a contact device in which the walls 12 of the grid are located at an angle to the base of the grid. In contact devices made according to these schemes, the efficiency of heat and mass transfer processes is further enhanced by increasing the time the phases are in the nozzle, since the phase trajectories deviate from the vertical and lengthen.

Figures 16 and 17 show diagrams of contact devices with inclined turbulators (9 of various shapes and inclined side walls of grids. In contact devices made according to these schemes, the efficiency of heat and mass transfer processes is further enhanced by combining the properties of contact devices shown in schemes 9, 10 , fifteen.

When making turbulators from expanded metal, perforated, perforated corrugated sheet or mesh, the contact surface area increases, which further increases the efficiency of heat and mass transfer processes, and also creates an additional opportunity to control the free section of the nozzle.

If in the device [1] in the plane parallel to the surface of the film-bearing elements, an arbitrary redistribution of phases is possible, then in the contact device 3 (Fig. 1), the shape of the grids 8 (Fig. 2) and turbulators 9 (Fig. 2) can be changed to organize different directions the motion of the flow of phases, change their speed, change the surface area of the contact phase.

The technical solutions used in the present invention allow increasing the contact surface area per unit volume from 10% relative to nozzle samples from film-type contact devices [1].

Figure 1 shows some options for compiling nozzles 2 and 5 of the contact devices 3 and 6 in the housing of the column 1.

The nozzle 2 is assembled from contact devices 3, arranged so that the volumetric plane-parallel elements of adjacent devices are located approximately perpendicularly and the volumetric plane-parallel elements of mounted devices are located approximately perpendicularly.

In the nozzle of the present invention, it is possible to simultaneously use different contact devices using different layout schemes in the layers of the nozzle, which allows you to organize different directions of the movement of phase flows, change their speed, change the surface area of the contact of the phases, which significantly extends the range of effective operation of the nozzle and increases the efficiency of heat and mass transfer processes.

Literature

1. RF patent 1510850, B01D 3/28, 11/04, publication date 09/30/1989, Film-type contact device // G.K. Ziganshin, B.K. Marushkin, N.V. Rakochy, etc.

2. RF patent 2136363, B01J 19/32, publication date 09/10/1999, Packing for countercurrent high pressure columns and high pressure columns // Bernhard Brunner; Philip Suess.

Claims (12)

1. A film-type contact device comprising volumetric, approximately plane-parallel elements formed by partitions and turbulence elements arranged approximately vertically and parallel to each other, characterized in that the partitions are made with two walls that are transverse to the plane-parallel elements, and turbulence elements installed between the partitions made with side shelves approximately parallel to each other, the width of the walls of the partitions is equal to or more width of the turbulizing elements. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the turbulizing elements have intermediate shelves, approximately parallel to the side shelves. 3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the walls of the partitions are located at an angle to the base of the partition. 4. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the turbulent elements are attached to the partitions by welding. 5. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the turbulizing elements are attached to the partitions by welding. 6. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the turbulizing elements are attached to the partitions using fixed locking joints formed by folding part of the side walls protruding above the side shelves of the turbulators. 7. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the turbulizing elements are attached to the partitions using fixed locking joints formed by folding part of the side walls protruding above the side shelves of the turbulators. 8. A device according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5, 7, characterized in that all the elements are fixed to each other by at least two couplers that enclose and press all the elements together. 9. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that all the elements are fixed to each other by at least two couplers that enclose and press all the elements together. 10. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that all the elements are fixed to each other by at least two couplers that embrace and press each other to each other. 11. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that all the elements are fixed to each other by at least two couplers, which embrace and press against each other all the elements. 12. The nozzle of the devices according to any one of claims 1, 2, 5, 7, 9-11, arranged so that the volumetric plane-parallel elements of adjacent devices are approximately perpendicular.

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