RU2435245C1 - Electromagnet relay - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity. ^ SUBSTANCE: relay comprises a magnetic system from a ""-shaped core, two windings and an anchor with a bronze plate attached to it, a contact system, a system of a drive of double-throw contacts, a movable system together with an anchor and a platform installed on a plastic base. The core has an extended shape of poles, where there is a fixed system is mounted for rigid support of rear contacts, as well as a system of anchor oscillating movement, outside the winding area. The magnetic system is installed on the platform so that the core is arranged perpendicularly to the base. On a leash of the double-throw contacts drive system connected with an anchor there is a master plank of double-throw contacts fixed with ends of double-throw contacts that enter it. The anchor makes oscillating movements relative to the axis that matches the line of the anchor end contact made in the form of a prism, with support plates that limit anchor displacements in horizontal and vertical planes. The anchor is pulled to the lower surface of the core outside the winding area. The weight to return the anchor is a movable system of the double-throw contacts drive, anchor and weights fixed on the anchor. ^ EFFECT: increased safety of rolling stock movement due to increased vibration resistance and absence of mismatch in manufacturing settings during relay transportation. ^ 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering, namely to electromagnetic relays for devices of railway automation and telemechanics.

Known electromagnetic relay with a magnetic valve-type system [Polytechnical Dictionary. (Ch. Editor A.I. Ishlinsky). - M.: "Big Russian Encyclopedia", 1998, p. 454]. The relay consists of a yoke made in the form of an angle of a curved plate, on one shelf of which a rod magnetic circuit with a winding mounted on it is fixed. A rotary anchor is attached to the edge of the second shelf, on which the movable contacts of the contact system are fixed. A special spring attached to the anchor ensures its return to its original position.

A disadvantage of the known device is the increased danger of operation due to the presence of springs in the device.

The relay REL1 is known [N.G. Kapitonenko, V.N.Susoev, X.G.Ofenheim. New relay for railway automation and telemechanics. - "Automation, telemechanics, communications." 1983, No. 7, p. 14]. The relay has a yoke made in the form of a Z-shaped curved plate. Two rods of the magnetic circuit are fixed on one of the end flanges of the yoke, and a rotary type anchor is attached to the edge of the second end flange. The relay has two independent windings. Each winding is placed on two coils, i.e. windings are made of two sections. In this case, the coils of one winding are placed on different rods of the magnetic circuit. Both windings are symmetrically located relative to the working air gap. The return of the anchor to its original position is ensured by the action of the weight of two special loads. The contact system is installed on the main panel of the yoke, its movable contacts are controlled by an anchor.

The main disadvantage of this relay is the high complexity of the relay assembly, low adaptability. The complexity is due to the fact that the electromagnetic relay of the indicated purpose has a working gap of the magnetic system with the armature drawn in about 0.2 mm, which is commensurate with the total dimensional tolerances of the structural elements.

The utility model patent No. 23349 proposes to maintain this gap with a washer or a set of washers mounted on the rear of the core of the magnetic circuit and made of soft magnetic materials. However, in general, the design remains complex and cumbersome.

A known design decision of the electromagnetic relay according to patent No. 2161342, aimed at simplifying the design, namely reducing the number of working parts (coils, cores of the magnetic circuit) while maintaining power, reliability and vibration resistance. Structurally, the relay refers to the small-sized NMSh relays of the third generation (Soroko V.I., Milyukov V.A.Apparatus for railway automation and telemechanics: Reference: in 2 books, Book 1. - 3rd ed. - M ,: NPF Planeta ", 2000 - p. 305-308).

In this electromagnetic relay, which includes a yoke made in the form of a Z-shaped curved plate, on one of the end shelves of which a rod magnetic circuit with two windings is fixed, a rotary anchor with a load system is attached to the edge of the second end shelf of the yoke, ensuring its return to its original position, the contact system is installed on the main panel of the yoke, while both windings are made single-section and installed on the same core of the magnetic circuit, and in the main panel of the yoke there is a window whose shape and dimensions are bespechivaet partial penetration in the winding window.

Known electromagnetic relay type REL fourth generation (Soroko V.I., Milyukov V.A.Apparatus for railway automation and telemechanics: Reference: in 2kn. Kn.1. - 3rd ed. - M, 6 NPF Planeta, 2000 - p. 253-256). The main elements of the relay are similar to the elements of the above analogues. The electromagnetic relay has a plastic base, a magnetic system containing a yoke in the form of a Z-shaped curved plate, an armature, windings wound on bobbins (coils) and placed on two cores, in the form of rods having poles on one side and connected by a yoke on the other, the magnetic core rods are fixed on one of the end flanges of the yoke, an L-shaped rotary anchor is attached to the edge of the second end flange, the anchor is fixed to the support in the form of a prism with the help of a bracket and can freely rotate on the support during operation p le, on one shelf of the anchor a bronze plate is attached, providing a gap of at least 0.15 mm between the anchor and both poles of the cores, on the second shelf is attached a plastic leash for elastic plates and a special load to return the anchor to its original position by gravity, a contact system consisting of front, flip and rear contacts installed in the base, and a hard stop for rear contacts mounted on the horizontal part of the yoke, while the contact material for the front contacts are gray ebro - graphite composite materials. The relay has two independent windings. Each winding is placed on two coils, i.e. windings are made of two sections. In this case, the coils of one winding are placed on different rods of the magnetic circuit. Both windings are symmetrically located relative to the working air gap.

The disadvantages of this type of relay include high metal consumption and large dimensions due to the design of the relay, and it is here, as in analogues, the magnetic field of the magnetic circuit is closed through the kinematic contact between the yoke and the armature. Such closure of the magnetic flux (the core core - yoke - rotary armature) leads to large losses in the place of the movable connection of the armature and the yoke, therefore, in order to pull the armature to the end flange, it is necessary to increase the relay power by increasing the number of coil turns.

The closest technical solution is an electromagnetic relay according to patent RU No. 2400856. The relay contains a plastic base, a magnetic system consisting of cores connected by a yoke, pole lugs, windings wound on spools and placed on the cores, anchors with a bronze plate attached to it, providing a gap of at least 0.15 mm between the anchor and the pole tips of the cores a contact system consisting of front, changeover and rear contacts installed in a block attached to the base and a hard stop for rear contacts, a changeover contact drive system consisting of a plastic lead connected to the anchor, cargo for the return of the anchor, while it is equipped with a movable frame and a platform of non-magnetic material mounted on a plastic base, a magnetic system in the form of cores, pole tips, yoke and windings is installed in the lower part of the platform of non-magnetic material so so that the cores are perpendicular to the platform, the pole pieces are elongated and separated from each other by a non-magnetic gap of a width of 1.0-2.0 mm, contact system cm mounted on the upper part of the platform made of non-magnetic material and additionally equipped with a hard stop for front contacts, the drive system is mounted on a movable frame, on the lower part of the platform made of non-magnetic material together with an armature having an area of 20-70% of the total area of the two pole pieces, and equipped limiter of the working stroke, and the plastic leash is attached to the plates of the changeover contacts in the Central zone, and the limiter of the moving stroke of the drive system of the changeover contacts is made in the form of a constant magnet, the load for the return of the anchor are a movable frame and an anchor. In addition, the anchor is installed with the possibility of closing the non-magnetic gap of the pole pieces outside the zone of the windings and has an elongated shape relative to the non-magnetic gap, the frame has mobility due to the presence of a movable connection with the platform of non-magnetic material or its installation on elastic plates.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the low stability of the changeover contact drive system during relay transportation, which leads to a mismatch of all factory settings. This drawback is due to an unstable mounting system of the movable frame, on which the anchor with the base is installed. In addition, the magnetic system does not provide the proper force to press the armature to the poles of the core, which leads to malfunctioning of the relay in the presence of vibration during the passage of trains. This disadvantage is due to large losses of magnetic flux in the poles of the magnetic system.

The basis of the invention is the task of ensuring the safety of train traffic by increasing the reliability of the relay.

In the process of solving the problem, a technical result is achieved, consisting in increasing the vibration stability of the relay, in the absence of a mismatch of the factory settings during transportation of the relay.

The problem is solved by the claimed electromagnetic relay containing a plastic base, a magnetic system consisting of a core, windings wound on spools and placed on the core, anchors with a bronze plate attached to it, providing a gap of at least 0.15 mm between the armature and the core, contact a system consisting of front, flip and rear contacts, and a hard stop for rear contacts, a system of a flip contact drive, consisting of a leash connected to the anchor, cargo to return the anchor, the moving system together with the armature and the platform mounted on a plastic base, the magnetic system consisting of a U-shaped core and two windings and mounted on the platform so that the core is perpendicular to the plastic base, the core has an elongated shape of poles, on which, outside winding zones, a fixed system of rigid support of the rear contacts and a system of oscillating movement of the armature is mounted, a leading plate of the cross over cycles with the ends of the change-over contacts entering into it, the anchor makes oscillatory movements relative to the axis coinciding with the contact line of the end of the armature, made in the form of a prism, with thrust plates restricting the movement of the armature in horizontal and vertical planes, one plate is fixed at the poles of the core, the second - on the surface of the anchor, it also provides a gap when the core is closed by the anchor, the anchor is attracted to the lower surface of the core outside the zone of the windings, the movable system serves as the load for returning the anchor mA drive changeover contacts, anchor and cargo anchored at anchor.

A new layout solution of the electromagnetic system, in which, unlike the prototype, there are no poles on which the inductors of the magnetic circuit are located, has reduced the loss of magnetic flux when the magnetic system is closed. The execution of the poles of the core elongated made it possible to place on them a drive system of cross over contacts and a system of oscillatory movement of the armature resistant to vibration and shock arising during the transportation of the relay. Mismatch of the factory settings does not occur.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing. The drawing shows a General view of the relay device. The relay has a plastic base 1, a cover 2, a magnetic system consisting of cores 3, anchors 4, windings 5, wound on spools 6 and placed on the core. The core 3 has an elongated shape of poles, on which, outside the zone of the winding 5, a fixed system of hard stop of the rear contacts 7 is mounted, consisting of a limiter 8 and a strap 9 fixedly mounted on the anchor 4. The anchor 4 is movably fixed on the core 3 with the possibility of oscillating movements relative to axis coinciding with the contact line of the end face of the armature 4, made in the form of a prism 10, with a thrust plate 11, restricting the movement of the armature 4 to the right in the horizontal plane and the vertical plane.

The plate 11 is fixedly mounted on the poles of the core. The second plate (not shown) is fixed on the surface of the anchor, restricts the movement of the anchor to the left in the horizontal plane.

The load, which serves to return the anchor to its original position due to gravity and the movement of the elastic plates of the changeover contacts 12, is the anchor 4 itself, a movable drive system of the changeover contacts 12, consisting of a leash 13, and strap 14, and load 15. The contact system consists of front 16, cross over 12 and rear 7 contacts. The contacts are installed in the block 17, mounted on the platform 18 from above. The core 3 is fixed on the underside of the platform.

The relay operates as follows.

When voltage is applied to the windings 5, an electromagnetic field is formed in the electromagnetic system, under the influence of which the armature 4 is attracted to the core 3 and thereby drives a block with a changeover contact drive system. When the anchor 4 is attracted, the front 16 and cross over 12 contacts are closed. When the voltage is removed from the windings 5, the magnetic field attracting the armature 4 to the core disappears under the action of the load 15, the armature 4 and the changeover contact drive system 13, 14 changeover contacts returns to its original position. There is an opening of the front and cross contacts and a closure of the rear and cross contacts. When voltage is applied to the coil windings, a cycle repeats.

Claims (1)

An electromagnetic relay containing a plastic base, a magnetic system consisting of a core, windings wound on spools and placed on the core, anchors with a bronze plate attached to it, providing a gap of at least 0.15 mm between the armature and the core, a contact system consisting of front, flip and rear contacts and a hard stop for rear contacts, a flip contact drive system consisting of a leash connected to the anchor, cargo for returning the anchor, a movable system together with the anchor and platforms installed on a plastic base, characterized in that the magnetic system consists of a U-shaped core and two windings and is mounted on the platform so that the core is perpendicular to the plastic base, while the core has an elongated shape, on the poles of the core, outside the zone of the winding , the fixed system of the hard stop of the rear contacts and the system of the oscillatory movement of the armature are mounted, the leading plate of the changeover contacts with the incoming and in it with the ends of the flip contacts, the anchor makes oscillatory movements relative to the axis coinciding with the contact line of the end of the armature, made in the form of a prism, with thrust plates restricting the movement of the armature in horizontal and vertical planes, one plate is fixed on the poles of the core, the second on the surface anchors, it also provides a gap when the core is closed by the anchor, the anchor is attracted to the lower surface of the core outside the zone of the windings, the moving system dnyh contacts anchor and load attached to the anchor.

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