RU2429920C1 - Procedure for ultra-sonic components drain - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: machine building. ^ SUBSTANCE: procedure consists in components washing in three baths of ultra-sonic process complex: in first bath - in water solution of alkali detergent of concentration 100-150 g/l and temperature of solution 80-90C and with superposition of ultrasound, in second bath - in water with implementation of compressed air bubbling, in third bath - in water solution of acid technical detergent "MUK-K" of concentration 100-150 g/l and temperature 20-70C with superposition of ultrasound, and in successive components drain in second bath. ^ EFFECT: ecological safety of process, reduced prime cost and labour input, raised efficiency and quality of components drain. ^ 1 dwg, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to ultrasonic cleaning of parts in aqueous solutions of detergents, specifically to cleaning parts and components of equipment for the extraction, transportation and processing of oil and gas from asphalt-resinous-paraffin-salt deposits.

The layer of deposits formed during the operation of the equipment on the surface of the parts is heterogeneous in composition. It is a crystalline microporous mass consisting of salts, paraffins and oil components. The content of solid hydrocarbons in it is 50-65%. The main types of salt deposits are calcium sulfates and carbonates, barium sulfates. The organic components of oil are asphaltenes, resins, alcohols, petroleum acids, their salts, galloid and organosulfur compounds. The composition, structure and thickness of the sediment layer are largely determined by the physicochemical, mechanical properties and microrelief of the equipment surfaces.

When cleaning parts of oil and gas equipment from asphalt-resinous-paraffin-salt deposits, the parts are subjected to preliminary cleaning with alkaline detergent solutions. Then apply the chemical method - etching in concentrated solutions of acids. They also use the annealing method in electric furnaces and mechanical methods - manual and sandblasting of parts (Scale control - removal and prevention of their formation. Schlumberger. Oil and Gas Review. Autumn 2002 - Volume 7, Number 2).

When blasting parts using aqueous solutions of alkaline detergents from oil pollution products, only the outer surfaces of the parts are cleaned. The chemical process creates environmental problems. In addition, during etching, there is a change in the structure of the surface layer of the material of the workpieces, which reduces their resource. Thermal methods are very energy intensive. Mechanical cleaning leads to resizing of parts, reducing the roughness class of the treated surfaces, which negatively affects the performance and service life of the equipment.

The use of ultrasound allows for high-quality cleaning of parts from complex deposits. Ultrasound is able to penetrate into hidden cavities through a liquid working medium and clean them of contaminants. The use of ultrasonic devices allows you to clean parts of complex configuration with microscopic cavities and channels. In this case, you can use environmentally friendly working fluids that dissolve the corresponding contaminants well, and also have physico-chemical parameters that determine the highest intensity of the shock waves.

The technical result obtained from the invention is the cleaning of equipment parts from operational deposits, consisting of salts, paraffins and oil components.

To achieve a technical result, the proposed method includes washing parts in three bathtubs of an ultrasonic technological complex (drawing). Here: 1, 5 - ultrasonic installation; 2, 4 - capacity for storing the washing solution; 3 - auxiliary capacity for washing parts with water; 6, 7 - pumps for pumping washing solutions; 8 - installation for waste disposal.

To achieve a technical result, the working capacity of the ultrasonic unit 1 is filled with water to the required level, alkaline detergent is added in the ratio of 50-100 grams of detergent per 1 liter of water, the resulting solution is heated to a temperature of 70-80 ° C. Parts, if necessary, previously cleaned with alkaline detergent solutions in jet or other washing machines, are placed in a working container and subjected to ultrasound with an intensity of 15-20 W per liter of washing solution for 30-180 minutes, depending on the composition, structure and thickness of the deposits . In the process of ultrasonic treatment, the washing solution is heated at about 10 ° C for 1 hour of operation due to the heat energy released during the cavitation of the washing solution, thereby compensating for the loss of the washing properties of the solution. In the process of ultrasonic treatment in an alkaline solution, the hydrocarbons and organic components of oil are washed out and dissolved from the crystalline microporous mass of salt deposits on the surface of the parts.

After ultrasonic treatment in an alkaline washing solution, the parts are placed in auxiliary tank 3 and washed with water. During the washing process, neutralization and replacement of alkaline cleaning solution with water in the pores of the salt deposits takes place. Simultaneous bubbling of water with air pressure of 0.02-0.1 MPa ensures the removal of particles of salt deposits, exfoliated as a result of cavitation destruction of the surface layer of deposits.

After intermediate washing, the parts are placed in the working capacity of the ultrasonic unit 5. An acidic washing solution composed of MUK-K technical detergent and water in a proportion of 50-150 grams of the agent per 1 liter of water is heated to a temperature of 20-40 ° C. The parts to be cleaned are subjected to ultrasound with an intensity of 15-20 W per 1 liter of washing solution for 30 minutes to 4 hours, depending on the thickness and composition of the salt deposits. In the process of ultrasonic treatment in an acidic washing solution, cavitation destruction and dissolution of salt deposits occurs. In the process of ultrasonic treatment, the washing solution is heated at about 10 ° C for 1 hour of operation due to the heat energy released during the cavitation of the washing solution, thereby compensating for the loss of the washing properties of the solution.

Next, the details are placed in the auxiliary tank 3 and washed with water. During the washing process, the washing solution is neutralized. Simultaneous sparging of water with air pressure of 0.02-0.1 MPa ensures the removal of salt deposits from the surface of the cleaned parts.

The use of containers 2 and 4 as part of the technological complex provides the possibility of multiple use of washing solutions. Washing parts after ultrasonic treatment in alkaline and acid solutions in one auxiliary tank 3 ensures the neutralization of the washing solutions before they are processed in the waste disposal unit 8.

The declared limits of heating temperature to 70-80 ° C for alkaline washing solution and up to 20-40 ° C for acidic, the declared ratio of detergent and water is 50-100 grams per liter for alkaline solution and 50-150 grams per liter for acid solution , as well as the intensity of ultrasonic exposure and the processing time of parts by ultrasound are based on experimental data.

Example 1. Cleaning the filter elements of slotted filters ZhNSh. Equipment - ultrasonic installation "UZS100-15". The volume of the working capacity is 100 liters. The power of ultrasound is 1500 watts. Detergents: - alkaline - "SKAT-D", acid - "MUK-K". Ultrasonic cleaning was carried out without preliminary cleaning. Six filter elements were cleaned simultaneously in the following sequence:

1.1. Ultrasonic cleaning in alkaline solution

Detergent - 10% solution of TMS "SKAT-D". The initial temperature of the solution is 20 ° C. Electric heater heating up to 80 ° С. The cleaning time is 30 minutes. The final temperature of the solution is 85 ° C.

1.2. Flushing the filter elements in the working capacity of the ultrasonic unit with water without using ultrasound for 5 minutes.

1.3. Ultrasonic cleaning in acid solution

Detergent solution - 10% solution of acid technical detergent MUK-K. The initial temperature of the washing solution is 26 ° C. The cleaning time is 60 minutes. The final temperature of the solution is + 44 ° C.

1.4. Rinse the filter elements in the working capacity of the ultrasonic unit with water without using ultrasound for 10 minutes.

The quality control of cleaning was carried out using a device for the internal illumination of the filter element. The result is 100%.

Example 2. Cleaning the impellers and guides of the submersible pump ESP 5A. Equipment - ultrasonic unit "UZS130-24". The working volume of 130 liters, the power of ultrasound 2400 watts. Detergents: - alkaline - "SKAT-B", acid - "MUK-K". After disassembling the pump, the parts were previously washed in a carousel-type jet washer with a 20% aqueous solution of PAN alkaline detergent. The heating temperature is 80 ° C. The cleaning time is 30 minutes. At the same time, the set of working bodies of one section of the pump was cleaned from 244 impellers and 244 guide vanes in the following sequence:

2.1. Ultrasonic cleaning of parts in alkaline solution

Detergent - 10% solution of TMS "SKAT-B". The initial temperature of the solution is 16 ° C. Electric heater heating up to 75 ° С. Parts were placed in a working container in a basket in bulk. The cleaning time is 90 minutes. The final temperature of the solution is 88 ° C.

2.2. Washing parts in the working capacity of the ultrasonic installation with tap water using a bubbler solution with compressed air at a pressure of 0.06 MPa without using ultrasound for 10 minutes.

2.3. Ultrasonic cleaning of parts in acid solution

Detergent solution - 15% solution of acid technical detergent MUK-K. The initial temperature of the washing solution is 26 ° C. The solution was heated by an electric heater to a temperature of 40 ° C. The duration of ultrasonic cleaning is 180 minutes. The final temperature of the solution is + 61 ° C.

2.4. Rinsing parts in the working capacity of an ultrasonic unit with water, sparging water with compressed air at a pressure of 0.08 MPa without using ultrasound for 10 minutes.

The quality control of parts cleaning was carried out using a device for pouring parts with solvent under a pressure of 0.005 MPa according to the uniformity of the outflow of the pouring liquid from the passage cavities. Result: 97.54% of guide vanes and 98.77% of impellers are completely cleaned.

The proposed method provides an increase in the quality of cleaning parts, environmental safety, reuse of detergent solutions, reducing the cost and complexity of the cleaning process.

Claims (1)

The method of ultrasonic cleaning of parts from asphalt-resinous-paraffin-salt deposits, which consists in washing parts in three baths of an ultrasonic technological complex: in the first bath - in an aqueous solution of alkaline detergent, a concentration of 100-150 g / l, a solution temperature of 80-90 ° C with the application of ultrasound, in the second bath - in water using sparging with compressed air, in the third bath - in an aqueous solution of MUK-K acid technical detergent, concentration of 100-150 g / l, temperature 20-70 ° С with application ultrasound, with subsequent washing of parts in the second bath.

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