RU2426772C2 - Emulsol for preparing water-soluble lubricant coolant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: emulsol contains the following in wt %: oleic acid 12-14, triethanolamine 6-8, ethylenediammonium tetraborate 6.5-9, transformer oil base or transformer oil - the rest.

EFFECT: improved anti-corrosion and bactericidal properties of emulsols obtained from water-soluble lubricant coolants and longer service life of the lubricant coolants.

2 tbl, 1 dwg

Description

The alleged invention relates to the field of protection against corrosion and biodegradation of cutting lubricants (COTS) or cutting fluids (coolant). It can be used in the machine-building industry, namely, water-soluble cutting fluids (coolant) used in the machining of metals.

An effective method of combating corrosion of processed metals and machine tools communications, as well as with biodegradation of coolants used, is the use of emulsols with anticorrosive and bactericidal effects [1-3].

In engineering, various emulsols are widely used, containing various anti-corrosion and bactericidal additives, for example, sodium nitrite, trisodium phosphate and the bactericide as hexachlorophene play the role of a corrosion inhibitor [1, 2].

The main disadvantages of emulsols and water-soluble coolants obtained on their basis are the high cost, toxicity, insufficient effectiveness of anticorrosive and bactericidal additives used in their preparation and the very limited life of the coolant.

Of the known emulsols, the closest in technical essence and the achieved positive effect to the invention is emulsol of the following composition [2], wt.%:

transformer oil without additives 82.0-85.5 triethanolamine 4,5-6,0 oleic acid 10.0-12.0

The disadvantages of emulsol [2] - the prototype is a fairly high corrosion, biodegradability of emulsol and water-soluble coolants obtained on its basis and a limited life.

The present invention solves the problem of improving the anticorrosive and bactericidal properties of emulsols obtained on the basis of water-soluble coolants and increase the life of the coolant.

This object is achieved in that the emulsol for the preparation of a water-soluble cutting fluid containing oleic acid, triethanolamine and a base base of transformer oil or transformer oil additionally contains ethylene diammonium tetraborate in the following ratio, wt.%:

oleic acid 12.0-14.0 triethanolamine 6.0-8.0 ethylene diammonium tetraborate 6.5-9.0 base transformer oil or transformer oil rest

Common to the prototype and the present invention is the use of oleic acid, triethanolamine and the base base of transformer oil or transformer oil in the composition of the emulsol.

The difference of the invention from the prototype is that the composition of the emulsol of the prototype further includes ethylene diammonium tetraborate.

Oleic acid and triethanolamine, as well as the product of their interaction (triethanolammonium oleate) are emulsifiers. Transformer oil or the base base of transformer oil is a lubricating component.

Ethylene diammonium tetraborate is a universal additive that simultaneously improves the bactericidal and anticorrosive properties of the coolant.

The possibility of implementing the invention lies in the production of ethylene diammonium tetraborate and emulsol for use in the coolant.

The composition of emulsol is prepared according to the technology as follows:

1. The base base of transformer oil is introduced into the contactor-mixer (half of the total amount of oil), then, with constant stirring, the calculated amount of oleic acid is added to the oil. The mixture is stirred for one hour at a temperature not exceeding 25 ° C.

2. The calculated amount of triethanolamine and ethylene diammonium tetraborate is gradually added to the resulting mixture in small portions. Stirring lasts for 2-3 hours at a similar temperature.

3. Then drive the remaining amount of the base base of the transformer oil, after which the resulting mixture is stirred for one hour.

The synthesis of ethylene diammonium tetraborate is carried out at room temperature. A saturated solution of boric acid is prepared. To do this, 136 g of H ₃ VO ₃ are dissolved in 400 ml of distilled water. Then, in small portions, with vigorous stirring, add 40 ml of ethylenediamine. Ethylene diamine is taken in excess, since the formation of a new compound occurs in an alkaline medium at pH 10. Boric acid reacts completely with the formation of ethylene diammonium tetraborate compound C ₂ H ₁₄ B ₄ N ₂ O ₉ (exothermic reaction).

Crystallization of the compound is carried out at room temperature by isothermal evaporation.

The precipitated solid phase is filtered through a Buchner funnel and washed with several portions of distilled water, dried at room temperature to constant weight. As a result, 70 g of product are obtained.

The concentration of components in the emulsol is justified by experimental and theoretical studies. The content of ethylene diammonium tetraborate of less than 6.5 wt.% Does not lead to the achievement of the objectives of the invention, namely the improvement of anti-corrosion and bactericidal properties. More than 9.0 wt.% Leads to irrational consumption of components and, as a consequence, to the cost of emulsol.

According to the results of studies (table 1) it was found that the best from the point of view of solving the problem of the invention are compositions No. 5-No. 9. The effect (wt%) of ethylene diammonium tetraborate on the bactericidal and anticorrosive properties of the coolant is shown in the drawing (graphs: 1 - effect on bactericidal properties; 2 - effect on anticorrosion properties).

Table 1 shows the prepared and tested formulations of emulsols.

Table 1 The compositions of the studied emulsol No. comp. The content of components in the compositions, wt.% oleic acid triethanolamine ethylene diammonium tetraborate base transformer oil or transformer oil one 12.0 6.5 3.0 78.5 2 13.5 7.5 4.0 75.0 3 13.0 6.5 4,5 76.0 four 14.0 6.0 5,0 75.0 5 12.5 7.0 6.5 74.0 6 13.0 6.5 7.0 73.5 7 12.0 8.0 8.0 72 8 13.5 7.0 8.5 71 9 14.0 7.5 9.0 69.5 10 12.5 6.0 9.5 72 eleven 13.0 7.0 10.0 70 12 13.5 6.5 10.5 69.5

The bactericidal properties of the proposed emulsol were investigated by the method described in the reference [3]. The experiments were carried out as follows. 9 ml of used coolant, which is a 5 wt.% Aqueous emulsion of emulsol containing triethanolamine, is placed in one tube. In a second test tube, 9 ml of used coolant, which is a 5 wt.% Aqueous emulsion of emulsol containing ethylenediammonium tetraborate, is placed. Then, 1.0 ml of indicator, 0.5% aqueous solution of 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTX), is added to both tubes. The contents of the tubes are thoroughly mixed. The tubes are placed in a thermostat and incubated at a temperature of 30 ± 5 ° C for the time necessary for the appearance of a characteristic color in the test coolant (1-5 days). Visually assess the presence and intensity of the color of the coolant and determine the microbiological damage score of the emulsion. As a result of the tests, it was found that after the trial period the coolant prepared from the emulsol prototype has a maximum biodefeat score on a V-scale from 0 to IV, which indicates the unsuitability of the coolant for further operation. Coolant prepared from emulsol containing ethylene diammonium tetraborate has a score of 0, that is, this coolant has been suitable for use for a long time.

The anticorrosion properties of the proposed emulsol were evaluated according to the method described in the reference [3], as follows. On a paper filter with a diameter of 50 mm, placed in a Petri dish, 2 ± 0.1 g of cast-iron shavings are uniformly applied with a spatula. 2 ml of fresh coolant, which is an aqueous 5 wt.% Emulsion from emulsol, is taken into a pipette and the chips are uniformly wetted on the filter. The Petri dish is closed with a lid and incubated for 2 hours at room temperature, excluding direct sunlight. Then the filter is removed from the Petri dish, chips are removed, and the filter is dried at room temperature. After that, the corrosion score is assessed by the nature and number of spots on the filter or by their absence. The tests are carried out in parallel in two Petri dishes. Corrosion score is evaluated for coolant prepared in the first case from the emulsol of the prototype, in the second - with the content of ethylene diammonium tetraborate. As a result of the tests, it was found that the coolant prepared from the prototype has a III corrosion score (on a V-scale from 0 to IV points), which corresponds to a moderate degree of corrosion. Coolant containing ethylene diammonium tetraborate in the composition has a score of 0, which corresponds to the absence of corrosion.

According to the results of the analyzes (Table 2), it was found that the proposed composition of emulsol for the preparation of coolant and SOT prepared on their basis solve the problem of the invention, namely, the life of the coolant is increased by 2-3 times, and the antibacterial and anticorrosion properties of the cooked based on the proposed emulsol coolant or SOTS.

Comparative data on the life of the coolant based on the proposed emulsol are given in table.2.

table 2 Comparative characteristics of emulsol and coolant based on them. Characteristics Emulsol - prototype [2] and coolant based on it The proposed emulsol and coolant based on it Anticorrosion properties The test could not stand Test passed Bacteriological properties The test could not stand Test passed The average life of the coolant in the middle climate zone - winter 2.0-3.0 months 4.5-6.0 months - summer 1.5-2.0 months 2.0-4.0 months

Information sources

1. Berdichevsky E.G. Cutting lubricants for metal processing. Directory. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1984. - 224 p.

2. Shkolnikov V.M., Kuznetsov N.A. Oils produced by enterprises of the Ministry of Oil and Gas Industry of the USSR. Directory. - M .: TsNIITE neft. Chem., 1986. - P.48 (prototype).

3. Entelis S.G. Lubricating and cooling technological means for metal cutting. Directory. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1995 .-- 496 p.

Claims (1)

Emulsol for the preparation of a water-soluble cutting fluid containing oleic acid, triethanolamine and a base base of transformer oil or transformer oil, characterized in that the emulsol additionally contains ethylene diammonium tetraborate in the following ratio, wt.%:
oleic acid 12.0-14.0 triethanolamine 6.0-8.0 ethylene diammonium tetraborate 6.5-9.0 base transformer oil or transformer oil rest

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