RU2425324C1 - Combined charge shaping method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: combined charge shaping method involves formation of charge in water-flooded part of the well from water-resistant explosive, arrangement on mirror of water displaced upwards in the well of the mixture consisting of the material having floating properties, capable of withstanding the weight of charge from non-water-resistant explosive, on which non-water-resistant explosive is lowered. At that, material having floating properties and binding agent are pre-mixed; the obtained mixture is poured on surface of water displaced upwards with water-resistant explosive; after mixture is moistened due to contact with water, it is left in the well for the period required for mixture to cure on water surface, and after the obtained mixture is cured, non-water-resistant explosive is arranged on it.

EFFECT: enlarging the capabilities of the material having floating properties, and reducing the manufacturing cost of blasting operations.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to mining and can be used for loading wells during blasting in mining. The invention can also be used in the manufacture of explosions in construction.

Known methods of loading flooded wells that use expensive waterproof explosives (BB) (V.L. Baron, V.Kh. Kantor "Technique and technology for blasting in the USA" M .: Nedra, 1989, 376 p .; BN Kutuzov "Destruction of rocks by explosion. Explosive technologies in industry", M .: Publishing house of Moscow State Mining University, 1994, 446 pp.), Which increases the cost of preparing 1 m ^{3 of} blasted rock mass.

There is also a method of forming a combined charge (V.L. Baron, V.Kh. Kantor "Technique and technology of blasting in the USA" M .: Nedra, 1989, 376 p .; B.N. Kutuzov "Destruction of rocks by explosion Explosive technologies in industry ”, Moscow: Publishing House of the Moscow State Mining University, 1994, 446 pp.), In which a granular waterproof explosive (granulotol) is poured into water, which is heavier than water, and after filling the well with it, it is non-waterproof BB But this explosive is 2.0-2.5 times more expensive than a waterproof emulsion explosive and is currently practically not used.

A known method of forming a combined charge (RF patent for the invention No. 2364828, IPC F42D 1/08, published on 08/20/2009), adopted for the prototype, which includes the formation in the flooded part of the well of a charge from a waterproof explosive, placing on the mirror the object water displaced up the well having floating properties, capable of withstanding the weight of the charge from a non-water-resistant explosive, onto which pieces of rock or drill cuttings are placed in a fabric or polyethylene sheath whose diameter is greater than the diameter of the well.

The disadvantages of this method: the difficulty of loading flooded wells, the high cost of blasting.

The technical result of the invention is the expansion of the possibilities of making the material from which the object having floating properties is made, the reduction in the cost of blasting by replacing the expensive waterproof explosive with a cheaper non-waterproof explosive.

These tasks are achieved by the fact that in the method of forming a combined charge, including the formation of a charge from a water-resistant explosive in the flooded part of the well, placement of material with floating properties on the mirror displaced up the well, capable of withstanding the weight of the charge from a non-water-resistant explosive, onto which a non-water-resistant explosive is lowered , according to the invention, a material having floating properties is pre-mixed, and a binder, the resulting mixture is poured onto the surface of the water displaced by the water stable explosive, after the mixture is wetted from contact with water, it is left in the well for the time necessary for the mixture to solidify on the surface of the water, and after the mixture has solidified, a non-waterproof explosive is placed on it.

The inventive method is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a loading diagram of a flooded well.

The method is as follows. First, gun 1 is lowered to the bottom of the well, then water-resistant explosive 2 is poured into the minimum quantity allowed by the blast passport. Pre-prepare the mixture of a material with floating properties, and a binder. Then, on the mirror of water 3, displaced up the well by the waterproof explosives 2, the prepared mixture 4 is lowered, prepared, for example, from sawdust mixed with cement. This allows you to expand the capabilities of the material from which the object is made, with floating properties. After the mixture is wetted from contact with water, it is left in the well for several hours, necessary for the mixture to solidify on the surface of the water. The hardened mixture forms a cork, onto which the next fighter 1 is placed and a non-water-resistant explosive 5 is poured into the well in the quantity necessary for a high-quality explosion according to the explosive passport. Carry out the stemming of the well.

An example of a specific implementation of the method.

The method was carried out at the Tallinn Coal Mine branch of the JSC “KRU KRU”, in the mining area No. 3, the face of the excavator ES-20/90 No. 20, in case of rock explosion with a strength of 7 according to the prof. Protodyakonova M.M. The block was drilled with a DML No. 63 drill rig with a 6 m by 6.5 m well network, 25 m well depth and 215.9 mm diameter. Wells are drilled vertical. The inventive method was tested on 5 wells. First, the fighter PT P750 was lowered to the bottom of the well on a detonating cord, then expensive expensive explosive - Sibirite 1200 - 280 kg was poured, then a previously prepared dry mixture of material with floating properties and a binder was lowered onto a surface of water displaced by a waterproof explosive (for example, a mixture of cement grade 400 and sawdust in a ratio of 1: 4). The mixture was left in the borehole for 5 hours, during which time it was saturated with water, hardened and formed a plug on the surface of the water displaced by a waterproof explosive, after which the next PT П500 fighter was lowered onto a detonating cord and a cheap non-waterproof BB - granulite was poured into the well UP-1 - in an amount of 400 kg, necessary for a high-quality explosion according to the explosive passport. Carried out clogging of the well. Before the explosion, the distance from the surface to the top of the charge in the borehole was measured. It has not changed during the charging of the entire unit. Despite the fact that part of the expensive explosive was replaced with a cheaper explosive, the quality of preparation of the blasted rock mass of ten control wells remained the same as in the remaining wells.

The inventive method allows to expand the possibilities of performing the material from which the object having floating properties is made, to reduce the cost of blasting, without compromising the quality of preparation of the blasted mass.

Claims (1)

A method of forming a combined charge, including the formation of a charge from a waterproof explosive in the flooded part of the well, placement of material with floating properties on the mirror displaced upstream of the water, capable of supporting the weight of the charge from a non-waterproof explosive, onto which a non-waterproof explosive is lowered, characterized in that it is pre-mixed material with floating properties, and a binder, the resulting mixture is poured onto the surface of the water displaced by a waterproof explosive, after being contacted water, the mixture is moistened, it is left in the well for the time necessary for the mixture to solidify on the surface of the water, and after the mixture has solidified, a non-water-resistant explosive is placed on it.

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