CN114353609B - Structure and method for sectional charging in downward blast hole - Google Patents
Structure and method for sectional charging in downward blast hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN114353609B CN114353609B CN202111570519.XA CN202111570519A CN114353609B CN 114353609 B CN114353609 B CN 114353609B CN 202111570519 A CN202111570519 A CN 202111570519A CN 114353609 B CN114353609 B CN 114353609B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
- F42D1/18—Plugs for boreholes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
- F42D1/24—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor characterised by the tamping material
- F42D1/28—Tamping with gelling agents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
Abstract
The utility model provides a to structure and method of downgoing big gun hole segmentation powder charge, it includes big gun hole and big gun hole in the powder charge section and separation section, all sets up the electronic detonator of different detonation delay in the two adjacent powder charge sections of separation section, realizes the big gun hole segmentation powder charge through the separation section, each segmentation each other does not influence, every segmentation can detonate alone, does not destroy the detonating circuit when the separation, effectively improves leakproofness and blasting effect, reduces single-response powder charge, reduces harmful effect, alleviates jam intensity of labour.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of blasting engineering, and relates to a structure and a method for charging downward into a blasthole in a segmented manner.
Background
In blasting engineering, downward vertical blastholes or deep holes with a large inclination angle are sometimes used, for example, demolition blasting sometimes uses long and thin blastholes (patent CN 109707118A) formed in a manner of pre-buried pipes, and open bench mining sometimes uses medium deep holes. In both cases, if the full bore charge is filled, a large detrimental effect such as vibration, flyrock, shock waves, etc. can be produced. In the deep hole blasting in rock and soil, the times of drilling are usually large, the mechanical operation cycle is high, the cost is high, the blast hole is too deep, the clamp manufacturing used for rock is large, and when the deep explosive is detonated, the free surface is lacking, so that the blasting efficiency is seriously affected. In addition, during blasting operation, the hole plugging operation consumes a great deal of manpower and time, and especially on the occasion of lacking sand on site, the hole plugging operation becomes a difficult problem of time and labor waste and high cost. In order to solve this problem, a new technical solution needs to be proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a structure and a method for carrying out segmented charging in a downward blast hole. The blocking section is filled with micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar or filled with dry sand and micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar, so that each charging section is effectively blocked, the sections are not affected each other, and each section can be detonated independently; the explosion-proof explosive is prevented from damaging an explosion-proof circuit when being blocked, and the explosive is not excessively extruded to avoid explosion rejection, so that the tightness and the explosion effect are effectively improved, the single-sound explosive loading quantity is reduced, and the harmful effect is reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a to structure of downgoing big gun hole downthehole segmentation powder charge, includes big gun hole and the powder charge section and separation section in the big gun hole, its characterized in that: the explosive loading sections and the blocking sections are alternately arranged, at least one electronic detonator is arranged in each explosive loading section, the detonation time of the electronic detonators in the same explosive loading section is the same, the detonation time of the electronic detonators in different explosive loading sections is different, and the detonator leg wires of the electronic detonators are led out of the blast holes; the blocking section is internally provided with micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar.
Preferably, the side wall of the blast hole is locally reamed, the length of one reaming section is smaller than that of one blocking section, each reaming section corresponds to one blocking section, and the heights of the two ends of each reaming section are all within one blocking section.
Preferably, the micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar comprises the following components in parts by mass: 40 to 60 parts of 10-60 mesh graded quartz sand, 28 to 42 parts of 42.5 sulphoaluminate cement, 8 to 12 parts of 42.5 ordinary silicate cement, 2.5 to 7.5 parts of U-shaped expanding agent, 0.3 to 0.8 part of powdery polycarboxylate water reducer, 0.2 to 0.4 part of liquid temperature wheel glue water retaining agent, 0.03 to 0.06 part of calcium bromide early strength agent and 0.3 to 0.6 part of sodium gluconate retarder.
Preferably, the end of the blast hole is connected with a section of curved blast hole.
Preferably, a section of foaming material is arranged between the charging section and the blocking section.
Preferably, a long medicine charging bag is arranged in the blast hole, and a zipper is arranged on the bag body in a full length mode; the long explosive charging bag is provided with a plurality of cells, all or part of the cells positioned in the explosive charging section are filled with explosive, and a section of hollow bamboo tube or plastic tube is arranged in the cells which are not charged with explosive; the long medicine-charging bag body positioned at the blocking section is provided with a through hole; the micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar is filled in the cell chamber positioned in the blocking section and also filled in the gap between the long charging bag and the blast hole.
Preferably, the long medicine-charging bag body is provided with reinforcing ribs which are longitudinally distributed.
The construction method of the structure for loading the powder into the downward blast hole in the sectional manner is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing medicine, namely, opening a zipper on a medicine loading long bag body, placing a section of foaming material in a cell at the bottom of the medicine loading long bag in each medicine loading section, and placing explosives in other cells; placing the electronic detonator in the explosive of each charging section, enabling all detonator leg wires to pass through gaps between the zipper and the cells and lead out of the charging long bag, and then pulling the zipper; cleaning a blast hole;
s2, charging, namely lowering a long charging bag into the blast hole, suspending the long charging bag by using a short rod and a suspension rope, fully expanding the long charging bag, and leading all detonator leg wires out of the blast hole;
s3, grouting, namely placing a grouting pipe into the bottom of a blast hole, and injecting micro-expansion quick setting self-leveling mortar from the grouting pipe, wherein the grouting pipe is synchronously lifted in the injection process; stopping grouting for 1-2 hours at a depth of 4-8 and m, and recovering grouting after the micro-expansion rapid hardening self-leveling mortar is solidified and has a certain strength until the whole long explosive bag is covered and is higher than the long explosive bag by a distance or the blast hole is filled;
preferably, the step S1 is replaced by:
preparing explosive charge, namely, opening a zipper on a long explosive charge bag body, placing a section of foaming material in a cell at the bottom of the long explosive charge bag in each explosive charge section, placing explosive in part of cells, binding all the explosive in one explosive charge section on one detonating cord, and placing a section of hollow bamboo tube or plastic tube in the cell without explosive charge; placing the electronic detonator in the explosive of each charging section, enabling all detonator leg wires to pass through gaps between the zipper and the cells and lead out of the charging long bag, and then pulling the zipper; cleaning a blast hole;
the other construction method of the structure for loading the powder into the downward blast hole in the sectional manner is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing a charge, namely preparing an electronic detonator, explosive and dry sand; cleaning a blast hole;
s2, charging in a charging section, pouring or putting down the explosive in a blast hole, inserting an electronic detonator in a section of emulsion explosive cartridge, putting down the cartridge on the surface of the explosive in the charging section, and leading out the leg wire of the detonator out of the blast hole;
s3, constructing a separation section, namely filling dry sand into a blast hole, filling gaps between explosive and the blast hole, covering the explosive, then placing a grouting pipe into the blast hole until the grouting pipe is contacted with the dry sand, and injecting micro-expansion rapid hardening self-leveling mortar from the grouting pipe, wherein the grouting pipe is synchronously lifted in the injection process; stopping 1-2 hours when the grouting amount reaches the height of one separation section; setting self-leveling mortar after micro-expansion and quick setting to generate certain strength;
s4, putting a section of foaming material;
s5, repeating S1 and S2 or S1, S2, S3, S4, S1 and S2 until the full hole charge is completed;
s6, blocking the upper orifice;
in S3, the grain diameter of the dry sand is smaller than 0.25 and mm, the clay content is not smaller than 40%, and the grain diameter is smaller than 0.005mm.
Preferably, the construction method for the segmented charging in the downward vertical blast hole or the large-inclination blast hole further comprises the following steps:
there is also a step between steps S1 and S2, namely: and (5) strongly plugging the bottom of the blast hole by using a plugging material.
Preferably, the construction method for the segmented charging in the downward vertical blast hole or the large-inclination blast hole further comprises the following steps:
step S1 is preceded by a step of: and (5) reaming the side wall of the blast hole locally.
Preferably, the alternative steps of S2 are:
the method comprises the steps of loading the explosive in a loading section, placing a loading pipe of an explosive mixing loading truck at the bottom of a blast hole, injecting explosive from the loading pipe, and synchronously lifting the loading pipe in the injection process; stopping charging when the charging quantity reaches the height of a charging section, inserting an electronic detonator into a section of emulsion explosive cartridge, lowering the cartridge to the surface of the explosive in the charging section, and leading the leg wire of the detonator out of the blast hole;
preferably, the foaming material is foamed plastic or foamed concrete or aerated concrete.
The long medicine-charging bag improves the original invention, has the technical characteristics of publication No. CN105627845A, is additionally provided with through holes and reinforcing ribs, and is filled with: the cells in the invention are gaps between adjacent cylindrical partitions in the prior invention.
The type of the field charge of the explosive mixed loading vehicle is ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive or emulsion explosive or heavy ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.
The beneficial effects of the invention are mainly reflected in:
the invention adopts a novel charging structure and a blocking material, which can also be called as a blocking material, thereby realizing the intra-hole segmented blasting. The segments can not influence each other. The single-sound dosage is reduced, and harmful effects such as vibration, flying stone, shock wave and the like are reduced. The method has important significance for blasting in urban complex environments, and particularly has important value when a long narrow pipeline is pre-buried, such as an invention patent CN109707118A is taken as a blast hole to be dismantled. When the device is used for blasting the open-air medium-length holes, the drilling depth can be increased, the drilling times can be reduced, the operation cycle can be reduced, and the cost can be reduced. The in-hole staged blasting can also reduce the harmful effect and improve the blasting efficiency, because a new free surface is formed after the detonation of the previously detonated charging section, and favorable rock breaking conditions are provided for the subsequent detonated charging section.
According to the invention, a novel charging structure is adopted, a section of foaming material is arranged between the blocking section and the charging section, and the porous and compressible property of the foaming material is utilized, so that the influence on the blocking section and the next section can be effectively reduced when the front section is detonated, and the next section is prevented from being refused.
The micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar is used as an intra-hole internal blocking material in the blast hole. The micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar has excellent fluidity, self-leveling, no need of vibrating and pressing, micro-expansion performance, good sealing performance and good blocking effect; the anti-cracking performance is excellent, the high-strength steel has very high hour strength and high later strength, and does not shrink; according to different construction temperatures, the compressive strength of 20-40Mpa can be obtained in 2 hours, and the flexural strength is high.
The blast hole blocking or sectioning blocking construction process provided by the invention uses a grouting process, can improve the blast hole blocking or blocking construction efficiency, reduces the labor intensity, and accords with the development trend of blasting construction for reducing the labor effort.
The invention improves the original invention, and can meet the requirements of the invention and realize accurate spaced charging by arranging the through holes and the reinforcing ribs on the bag body. The reinforcing ribs are arranged in the radial direction of the long-bag-body-filled explosive, the long-bag-body-filled explosive is supported by the longitudinal reinforcing ribs, the long-bag-body-filled explosive has high shear strength and compressive strength, and the accurate sectional explosive filling of the blast holes with the depth larger than 20 m can be realized. When the long medicine filling bag is used for filling medicines at intervals, the hollow bamboo tube or plastic tube is arranged in the non-filled cells in the medicine filling section, so that the pressure of micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar to the bag body in the medicine filling process is counteracted, the deformation of the bag body is avoided, and the air interval is effectively realized.
Each section in the hole is independent, any section can be detonated independently due to the use of the electronic detonator, and the detonation sequence and the delay can be set according to the field requirement. Once the electronic detonator is set, the sectional blasting does not affect each other.
The invention can charge the whole blast hole or the part of the blast hole, and the selected detonation range can be flexibly set according to the field requirement.
The invention uses the medicine-charging long bag, uses the soft and random deformation characteristic of the medicine-charging long bag, can be used in places with narrow places, and enlarges the application range.
The invention is not only suitable for urban demolition blasting and earth rock deep hole blasting, but also suitable for underwater blasting, and has wide application prospect.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a long bag for containing medicine of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a long bag of continuous charges for vertical blastholes according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a vertical blast hole of the present invention using long bags of spaced charges.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a loading cross-section structure of a vertical blast hole filling dry sand scheme of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a loading section structure of a large-inclination-angle blast hole dry sand filling scheme of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a vertical pre-buried borehole charge of the present invention with two open ends and curved ends.
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a tilted pre-buried borehole charge with two open ends and curved bottom.
In the figure: the explosive loading long bag 1, the zipper 2, the through hole 3, the reinforcing rib 4, the explosive loading section 5, the blocking section 6, the detonator leg wire 7, the micro-expansion quick setting self-leveling mortar 8, the reaming section 9, the electronic detonator 10, the blast hole 11, the foaming material 12, the detonating cord 13, the short rod 14, the hanging rope 15, the binding band 16, the blocking material 17 and the dry sand 18.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, a structure for charging a downward blast hole in a sectional manner is characterized in that: the charging sections 5 and the blocking sections 6 are alternately arranged, at least one electronic detonator 10 is arranged in each charging section 5, the detonation time of the electronic detonator 10 in the same charging section is the same, the detonation time of the electronic detonator 10 in different charging sections 5 is different, and the detonator leg wires 7 of the electronic detonator 10 are led out of the blast hole 11; the blocking section 6 is internally provided with micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar 8.
In a preferred scheme, the side wall of the blast hole 11 is locally reamed, the length of one reaming section 9 is smaller than that of one blocking section 6, each reaming section 9 corresponds to one blocking section 6, and the heights of the two ends of each reaming section 9 are all within one blocking section 6.
In the preferred scheme, the micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar 8 comprises the following components in parts by mass: 40 to 60 parts of 10-60 mesh graded quartz sand, 28 to 42 parts of 42.5 sulphoaluminate cement, 8 to 12 parts of 42.5 ordinary silicate cement, 2.5 to 7.5 parts of U-shaped expanding agent, 0.3 to 0.8 part of powdery polycarboxylate water reducer, 0.2 to 0.4 part of liquid temperature wheel glue water retaining agent, 0.03 to 0.06 part of calcium bromide early strength agent and 0.3 to 0.6 part of sodium gluconate retarder.
In a preferred embodiment, the end of the borehole 11 is connected to a curved borehole.
In a preferred embodiment, a section of foam 12 is provided between the charging section 5 and the barrier section 6.
In the preferred scheme, a long medicine charging bag 1 is arranged in the blast hole 11, and a zipper 2 is arranged on the bag body in a full length mode; the long explosive charging bag 1 is provided with a plurality of cells, all or part of the cells positioned in the explosive charging section 5 are filled with explosive, and a section of hollow bamboo tube or plastic tube is arranged in the cells which are not filled with explosive; the long medicine-charging bag body positioned on the blocking section 6 is provided with a through hole 3; the micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar 8 is filled in the cell chamber of the blocking section 6 and also filled in the gap between the long charging bag and the blast hole.
In the preferred scheme, the bag body of the long medicine-charging bag 1 is provided with reinforcing ribs 4 which are longitudinally distributed.
In a preferred scheme, the construction method for the structure of the downward-blast hole sectional charge comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing medicine, namely, opening a zipper 2 on a bag body of a medicine-filling long bag 1, placing a section of foaming material 12 in a cell at the bottom of the medicine-filling long bag in each medicine-filling section 5, and placing explosive in other cells; placing the electronic detonators 10 in the explosive of each charging section 5, enabling all detonator leg wires 7 to pass through gaps between the zipper 2 and the cells and to be led out of the charging long bag 1, and then pulling the zipper; cleaning the blast holes 11;
s2, charging, namely lowering the long explosive bag 1 into the blast hole 11, suspending the long explosive bag 1 by using a short rod 14 and a suspension rope 15, fully expanding the long explosive bag, and guiding all detonator leg wires 7 out of the blast hole 11;
s3, grouting, namely placing a grouting pipe into the bottom of a blast hole 11, and injecting micro-expansion quick setting self-leveling mortar 8 from the grouting pipe, wherein the grouting pipe is synchronously lifted in the injection process; stopping grouting for 1-2 hours at a depth of 4-8 and m, and recovering grouting after the micro-expansion rapid hardening self-leveling mortar 8 is solidified and has a certain strength until the whole long explosive bag 1 is covered and is higher than the long explosive bag 1 by a distance or is full of blast holes;
in a preferred scheme, the step S1 is replaced by the following steps:
preparing explosive charge, namely opening the zipper 2 on the bag body of the explosive charge long bag 1, placing a section of foaming material 12 in a cell at the bottom of the explosive charge long bag in each explosive charge section 5, placing explosive in a part of cells, binding all the explosive in one explosive charge section on one detonating cord 13, and placing a section of hollow bamboo tube or plastic tube in the cell without explosive charge; placing an electronic detonator 10 in the explosive of each charging section 5, passing all detonator leg wires 7 through gaps between the zipper 2 and the cells and leading out of the charging long bag 1, and then pulling the zipper; cleaning the blast holes 11;
in a preferred scheme, the other construction method of the structure for loading the powder into the downward blast hole in the sectional manner comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a charge, namely preparing an electronic detonator 10 and an explosive and dry sand 18; cleaning the blast holes 11;
s2, charging in a charging section, pouring or putting down the explosive of one charging section into a blast hole, inserting an electronic detonator 10 into one section of emulsified explosive cartridge, putting down the cartridge to the surface of the explosive of the charging section, and guiding a detonator leg wire 7 out of the blast hole 11;
s3, constructing a separation section, namely filling dry sand 18 into a blast hole, filling gaps between explosive and the blast hole, covering the explosive, then placing a grouting pipe into the blast hole 11 until the grouting pipe is contacted with the dry sand, and injecting micro-expansion quick setting self-leveling mortar 8 from the grouting pipe, wherein the grouting pipe is synchronously lifted in the injection process; stopping grouting for 1-2 hours when the grouting amount reaches the height of one blocking section 6; after the micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar 8 is solidified and generates certain strength;
s4, putting a section of foaming material 12;
s5, repeating S1 and S2 or S1, S2, S3, S4, S1 and S2 until the full hole charge is completed;
s6, blocking the upper orifice;
in S3, the particle size of the dry sand 18 is less than 0.25 and mm, the clay content is not less than 40%, and the particle size is less than 0.005mm.
In the preferred scheme, the construction method for the segmented charging in the downward vertical blast hole or the large-inclination blast hole further comprises the following steps:
there is also a step between steps S1 and S2, namely: the lower opening of the blast hole 11 is strongly blocked by a blocking material 17.
In the preferred scheme, the construction method for the segmented charging in the downward vertical blast hole or the large-inclination blast hole further comprises the following steps:
step S1 is preceded by a step of: and (5) reaming the side wall of the blast hole locally.
In a preferred embodiment, the substitution step of S2 is:
the explosive loading section is used for loading, a loading pipe of the explosive mixed loading truck is placed at the bottom of a blast hole 11, and the explosive is injected from the loading pipe, and the loading pipe is synchronously lifted in the injection process; stopping charging when the charging quantity reaches the height of one charging section 5, inserting an electronic detonator 10 into one section of emulsion explosive cartridge, lowering the cartridge to the surface of the explosive in the charging section, and leading the detonator leg wire 7 out of the blast hole 11;
example 1
Some three-layer old building needs to collapse in situ, demolish and explode. The downpipe which is also used as a blast hole is pre-buried in the column around the building along the long axis direction, the two ends of the downpipe are both provided with bending pipe heads with openings, the section size of the column is 1 m multiplied by 0.8 m, the reinforcement ratio is 2 percent, the diameter of the downpipe is 50 mm, the depth of the straight pipe is 11 m, and the distance between the openings of the two bending sections and the section near the end is 0.3 m.
0.16 The length of the long medicine-filled bag made of the nylon film with the thickness of mm is 9.6 m, the inner diameter is 35 mm, each 20 cm of the bag body is provided with a cell, the size of the cell is 35 mm, the cylindrical partition is made of the nylon film with the thickness of 0.1 mm, and glue is used for sealing the bagThe long medicine bag body is adhered in the medicine-filling long bag body; the diameter of the through hole is 8 mm, and the outside of the long medicine-charging bag body is provided with longitudinal reinforcing ribs; because of larger reinforcement ratio, the unit consumption is 1.25 kg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Dividing the blast hole into 2 sections, wherein the whole blast hole is provided with 1 separation section and 2 charging sections, the separation section is 0.6 m in length and 4.6 m in length, the charging sections are all charged at intervals, each charging section is provided with 4 spacing sections, each spacing section is 0.4 m, namely 2 continuous cells, and each spacing section is adjacent to 0.6 m, namely 3 continuous cell charging sections;
the construction method for realizing the structure of the sectional charge in the downward blast hole comprises the following steps:
s1, the zipper on the long medicine bag body is pulled open, and hollow plastic pipes with diameters of 32 mm and lengths of 20 cm are placed in each cell of each spacer section; the emulsion explosive cartridges with the diameters of 32 mm and the lengths of 20 cm are placed in the rest cells of the charging section, and all the emulsion explosive cartridges in the charging cells in the same charging section are bound on one detonating cord; 1 power generation electronic detonator is placed in the explosive of the 2 explosive loading sections, the delay of the electronic detonator in the upper section is 25 ms, and the delay of the electronic detonator in the lower section is 110 ms; all detonator leg wires pass through the gaps between the zippers and the grid cells and are led out of the long bag body of the explosive charge, and then the zippers are pulled up; cleaning a blast hole;
s2, placing the long explosive bag body into the blast hole, suspending the long explosive bag by using a short rod and a suspension rope, fully expanding the long explosive bag, and leading all detonator leg wires out of the blast hole;
s3, strongly blocking the blast hole of the bending section by using a rubber plug, placing the grouting pipe into the bottom of the blast hole, and injecting micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar from the grouting pipe, wherein the grouting pipe is synchronously lifted in the injection process; pouring 6 m, stopping grouting for 2 hours, and grouting 5m again after the micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar of the lower section is solidified and has certain strength, so that the micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar floods the long explosive bag until the blast hole of the straight pipe section is filled;
example 2
The construction of a factory in a city of a county level, the construction of a hillside with seats in the building area, the blasting field leveling, and the cross construction method are adopted so as not to influence the construction period. The blast hole is drilled with a diameter of 100 a mm a and a depth of 24.2 a m a.
0.2 The length of a medicine-filled long bag made of polyester fabric with the thickness of mm is 22-m, the inner diameter is 52-mm, each 20-cm of the long bag is provided with a cell, the size of the cell is 52-mm, the cell is made of polyester fabric with the thickness of 0.2-mm, and two half circle threads are stitch-bonded in the bag body; the diameter of the through hole is 8 mm, and the outside of the bag body is provided with longitudinal reinforcing ribs; the blast hole is divided into 2 sections, the length of the blocking section is 2 m, the lengths of the 2 charging sections are 10 m, and the charging sections continuously charge;
the construction method for realizing the structure of the sectional charge in the downward blast hole comprises the following steps:
s1, the zipper on the long bag body of the explosive loading long bag is pulled open, 20 cm polyurethane composite porous foaming material is placed in the bottom cell of the upper section of the explosive loading section, and emulsion explosive rolls with the diameters of 50 mm and the lengths of 20 cm are placed in the other cells; 1 power generation electronic detonator is placed in the explosive of the 2 explosive loading sections, the delay of the electronic detonator in the upper section is 25 ms, and the delay of the electronic detonator in the lower section is 200 ms; all detonator leg wires pass through the gaps between the zippers and the grid cells and are led out of the long bag body of the explosive charge, and then the zippers are pulled up;
s2, reaming the separation section of the blast hole by using an eccentric reaming bit, wherein the diameter of the blast hole of the reaming section is 150 mm, and the length is 1.8 m; cleaning a blast hole, then placing a long explosive bag body into the blast hole, adjusting the position of the long explosive bag so that the blocking section bag body corresponds to the reaming section, suspending the long explosive bag by using a short rod and a suspension rope, fully expanding the long explosive bag, and leading all detonator leg wires out of the blast hole;
s3, placing the grouting pipe into the bottom of the blast hole, and injecting micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar from the grouting pipe, wherein the grouting pipe is synchronously lifted in the injection process; stopping grouting for 2 hours after pouring 8 m each time, and after the micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar of the lower part section is solidified and has certain strength, performing cyclic grouting again to enable the micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar to submerge a long charge bag and fill the whole blast hole;
example 3
The manufacturer of a house in a county invests in a house where a mountain needs to be blasted, and the diameter of a blasthole is 90 mm and the depth is 24.5 m.
The construction method for realizing the structure of the sectional charge in the downward blast hole comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a 2-generation electronic detonator, a plurality of waterproof expanded ammonium nitrate explosive and dry sand; cleaning a blast hole;
s2, pouring the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive into a blast hole to fill 10 and m deep, inserting 1 electronic detonator with 200 ms delay into an emulsion explosive cartridge with a length of 20 cm, lowering the cartridge to the surface of the explosive in the charging section, and leading the leg wires of the detonator out of the blast hole;
s3, filling 10 cm thick dry sand into the blast hole, filling gaps between the explosive and the blast hole, covering the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive, then placing the grouting pipe into the blast hole until the grouting pipe contacts the dry sand, and injecting micro-expansion quick setting self-leveling mortar from the grouting pipe, wherein the grouting pipe is synchronously lifted in the injection process; stopping grouting when the grouting amount reaches 2.2 and m, and solidifying the self-leveling mortar by micro-expansion quick-setting after 2 hours to generate certain strength;
s4, placing a polyurethane composite porous foaming material with the thickness of 20 cm;
s5, pouring the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive with the blast hole depth of 10 m into the blast hole again, inserting the 1 electronic detonator with the delay of 25 ms into an emulsion explosive cartridge with the length of 20 cm, lowering the cartridge to the surface of the explosive in the charging section, and leading the leg wires of the detonator out of the blast hole;
s6, filling 2 m dry sand to block the blast holes.
Example 4
Some reinforced concrete column needs to be demolished by partial blasting, the size of the reinforced concrete column is 15. 15 m, the diameter of the circular section is 0.92 m, the inclination angle of the reinforced concrete column with the horizontal plane is 80 degrees, and the reinforcement ratio is 0.8%. A PVC pipe with a diameter of 50-mm is pre-buried on the long axis in the column as a blast hole, the top end is opened on the upper end surface of the column, the bottom end is bent, the blast hole is opened on the side surface of the column, and the distance between the bent blast hole and the bottom surface of the column is 0.3-m. The blasting is performed only by blasting the demolition lower part 9 m.
0.2 The length of the long medicine-filled bag made of the nylon film with the thickness of mm is 8 m, the inner diameter is 35 mm, each 20 cm of the long medicine-filled bag is provided with a cell, the size of the cell is 35 mm, the cell is made of the nylon film with the thickness of 0.1 mm, and the cell is adhered in the bag body by glue; through-hole diameter 8 mm, outside of bag bodyThe longitudinal clamping groove is provided with a reinforcing rib; because the reinforcement rate is low, the unit consumption is 0.6 kg/m 3 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The blast hole is divided into 2 sections, the whole blast hole is provided with 1 separation section and 2 charging sections, the separation section is 0.8 m in length, the charging sections are 3.6 m in length, each charging section adopts spaced charging, each charging section is provided with 3 spacing sections, each spacing section is 0.6 m, namely 3 continuous cells, and each spacing section is adjacent to 0.4 m, namely 2 continuous cell charging;
the construction method for realizing the structure of the sectional charge in the downward blast hole comprises the following steps:
s1, the zipper on the long bag body of the medicine filling bag is pulled open, and a hollow bamboo tube with the diameter of 32 mm and the length of 20 cm is arranged in each cell of the interval section; the emulsion explosive cartridges with the diameters of 32 mm and the lengths of 20 cm are placed in the rest cells of the charging section, and all the emulsion explosive cartridges in the charging cells in the same charging section are bound on one detonating cord; 1 power generation electronic detonator is placed in the explosive of the 2 explosive loading sections, the delay of the electronic detonator in the upper section is 25 ms, and the delay of the electronic detonator in the lower section is 150 ms; all detonator leg wires pass through the gaps between the zippers and the grid cells and are led out of the long bag body of the explosive charge, and then the zippers are pulled up; cleaning a blast hole;
s2, placing the long explosive bag body into the blast hole, suspending the long explosive bag by using a short rod and a suspension rope, fully expanding the long explosive bag, and leading all detonator leg wires out of the blast hole;
s3, strongly blocking the bending section of the downpipe by using a rubber plug, placing the grouting pipe into the bottom of a blast hole, and injecting micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar from the grouting pipe, wherein the grouting pipe is synchronously lifted in the injection process; pouring 4.5 and m, stopping grouting for 2 hours, and grouting 4.5 and m again after the micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar of the lower part section is solidified and has certain strength, so that the micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar floods the long-charged bag and is higher than the long-charged bag body 50 cm;
example 5
Some mine steps need to be blasted. Vertical blastholes with a diameter of 200 mm and a depth of 24.5 m are drilled.
The construction method for realizing the structure of the sectional charge in the downward blast hole comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing an emulsion explosive and dry sand which are mixed and packed on site by a 2-generation electronic detonator and a plurality of emulsion matrixes; cleaning a blast hole;
s2, placing a charging pipe of the explosive mixing charging vehicle into the bottom of a blast hole, and injecting explosive from the charging pipe, wherein the charging pipe is synchronously lifted in the injection process; stopping charging when the charging quantity reaches 10 m, inserting 1 electronic detonator with delay of 190 ms into a section of emulsion explosive cartridge with length of 20 cm, lowering the cartridge onto the surface of explosive in the charging section, and leading the leg wire of the detonator out of the blast hole;
s3, filling 10 cm thick dry sand into the blast hole, filling gaps between the explosive and the blast hole and covering the emulsion explosive, then placing the grouting pipe into the blast hole until the grouting pipe contacts the dry sand, and injecting micro-expansion quick setting self-leveling mortar from the grouting pipe, wherein the grouting pipe is synchronously lifted in the injection process; stopping grouting when the grouting amount reaches 2 m, and solidifying the self-leveling mortar by micro-expansion quick-setting after 2 hours to generate certain strength;
s4, placing a polyurethane composite porous foaming material with the thickness of 20 cm;
s5, placing the charging pipe of the explosive mixing charging vehicle into the bottom of the blast hole again, and injecting explosive from the charging pipe, wherein the charging pipe is synchronously lifted in the injection process; stopping charging when the charging quantity reaches 10 m, inserting 1 electronic detonator with 25-ms delay into a section of emulsion explosive cartridge with 20 cm length, lowering the cartridge onto the surface of explosive in the charging section, and leading the leg wire of the detonator out of the blast hole;
s6, filling 2.2. 2.2 m dry sand to block the blast holes.
Example 6
In the mining process of a certain surface mine, in order to reduce the damage of blasting vibration to the side slope, the side slope is firstly treated to the boundary side slope through presplitting blasting. The pre-splitting blast hole is drilled obliquely, the diameter of the pre-splitting blast hole is 75 mm, and the length of the pre-splitting blast hole is 20.5 m.
0.25 The length of a long medicine-filled bag made of polyester fabric with the thickness of mm is 18-m, the inner diameter is 35-mm, each 20-cm of the bag body is provided with a cell, the cell size is 35-mm, the cylindrical partition is made of polyester fabric with the thickness of 0.2-mm, and two half circle threads are stitch-bonded in the bag body; the diameter of the through hole is 8 mm, and the outside of the long medicine-charging bag body is provided with longitudinal reinforcing ribs; the blast hole is divided into 2 sections, the whole blast hole is provided with 1 separation section and 2 charging sections, the separation section is 2 m in length, the charging sections are 8 m in length, each charging section adopts spaced charging, each charging section is provided with 2 spacing sections, each spacing section is 1 m, namely 5 continuous cells, and each spacing section is adjacent to 2 m, namely 10 continuous cell charging;
the construction method for realizing the structure of the sectional charge in the downward blast hole comprises the following steps:
s1, the zipper on the long bag body of the medicine filling long bag is pulled open, 20 cm polyurethane composite porous foaming material is placed in the bottom cell of the medicine filling section of the upper part section, and hollow plastic pipes with the diameters of 32 mm and the lengths of 20 cm are placed in each cell of the interval section; the emulsion explosive cartridges with the diameters of 32 mm and the lengths of 20 cm are placed in the rest cells of the charging section, and all the emulsion explosive cartridges in the charging cells in the same charging section are bound on one detonating cord; 1 power generation electronic detonator is placed in the explosive of the 2 explosive loading sections, the delay of the electronic detonator in the upper section is 25 ms, and the delay of the electronic detonator in the lower section is 225 ms; all detonator leg wires pass through the gaps between the zippers and the grid cells and are led out of the long bag body of the explosive charge, and then the zippers are pulled up; cleaning a blast hole;
s2, placing the long explosive bag body into the blast hole, suspending the long explosive bag by using a short rod and a suspension rope, fully expanding the long explosive bag, and leading all detonator leg wires out of the blast hole;
s3, placing the grouting pipe into the bottom of the blast hole, and injecting micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar from the grouting pipe, wherein the grouting pipe is synchronously lifted in the injection process; stopping grouting for 2 hours after pouring 5m, and after the micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar of the lower part section is solidified and has certain strength, circularly grouting to enable the micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar to submerge the long charge bag until the blast hole is filled;
the foregoing embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be arbitrarily combined with each other without collision. The protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and the protection scope includes equivalent alternatives to the technical features of the claims. I.e., equivalent replacement modifications within the scope of this invention are also within the scope of the invention.
Claims (13)
1. The utility model provides a to structure of downward vertical big gun hole or big inclination big gun hole downthehole segmentation powder charge, includes powder charge section (5) and separation section (6) in big gun hole (11) and big gun hole (11), its characterized in that: the explosive charging sections (5) and the blocking sections (6) are alternately arranged, at least one electronic detonator (10) is arranged in each explosive charging section (5), the detonation time of the electronic detonators (10) in the same explosive charging section is the same, the detonation time of the electronic detonators (10) in different explosive charging sections (5) is different, and the detonator leg wires (7) of the electronic detonators (10) are led out of the blast holes (11); the blocking section (6) is internally provided with micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar (8).
2. The structure for staged charging in a downward vertical blasthole or a large inclination blasthole according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side wall of the blast hole (11) is locally reamed, the length of one reaming section (9) is smaller than that of one blocking section (6), each reaming section (9) corresponds to one blocking section (6), and the heights of the two ends of each reaming section (9) are all within one blocking section (6).
3. The structure for staged charging in a downward vertical blasthole or a large inclination blasthole according to claim 1, characterized in that: the micro-expansion rapid hardening self-leveling mortar (8) has the following mixing ratio: 40 to 60 parts of 10 to 60 mesh graded quartz sand, 28 to 42 parts of 42.5 sulphoaluminate cement, 8 to 12 parts of 42.5 ordinary silicate cement, 2.5 to 7.5 parts of U-shaped expanding agent, 0.3 to 0.8 part of powdery polycarboxylate water reducer, 0.2 to 0.4 part of liquid temperature wheel glue water retaining agent, 0.03 to 0.06 part of calcium bromide early strength agent and 0.3 to 0.6 part of sodium gluconate retarder.
4. The structure for the segmented charging in a downward vertical blasthole or a large-inclination blasthole according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the end part of the blast hole (11) is connected with a section of bent blast hole.
5. The structure for staged charging in a downward vertical blasthole or a large inclination blasthole according to claim 1, characterized in that: a section of foaming material (12) is arranged between the charging section (5) and the blocking section (6).
6. The structure for staged charging in a downward vertical blasthole or a large inclination blasthole according to claim 1, characterized in that: a long medicine charging bag (1) is arranged in the blast hole (11), and a zipper (2) is arranged on the bag body in a full length mode; the long explosive charging bag (1) is provided with a plurality of cells, all or part of the cells positioned in the explosive charging section (5) are filled with explosive, and a section of hollow bamboo tube or plastic tube is arranged in the cells which are not filled with explosive; a through hole (3) is arranged on the long medicine-charging bag body of the blocking section (6); the micro-expansion quick-setting self-leveling mortar (8) is filled in the cell chamber of the blocking section (6) and also filled in the gap between the long charging bag and the blast hole.
7. The structure for staged loading in a downward vertical blasthole or a large inclination blasthole as set forth in claim 6, wherein: the bag body of the long medicine-filling bag (1) is provided with reinforcing ribs (4) which are longitudinally distributed.
8. Construction method for a structure for the staged loading in a downward vertical blasthole or a large inclination blasthole according to any of the claims 1-7, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
s1, preparing medicine, namely opening a zipper (2) on a bag body of a medicine-filling long bag (1), placing a section of foaming material (12) in a cell at the bottom of the medicine-filling long bag in each medicine-filling section (5), and placing explosives in other cells; the electronic detonator (10) is placed in the explosive of each explosive loading section (5), all detonator leg wires (7) penetrate through gaps between the zipper (2) and the cells and are led out of the explosive loading long bag (1), and then the zipper is pulled; cleaning the blast holes (11);
s2, charging, namely lowering a long charge bag (1) into a blast hole (11), suspending the long charge bag (1) by using a short rod (14) and a suspension rope (15) to fully spread the long charge bag, and leading all detonator leg wires (7) out of the blast hole (11);
s3, grouting, namely placing a grouting pipe into the bottom of a blast hole (11), and injecting micro-expansion quick setting self-leveling mortar (8) from the grouting pipe, wherein the grouting pipe is synchronously lifted in the injection process; and stopping grouting for 1-2 hours at a depth of 4-8 and m, and recovering grouting after the micro-expansion rapid hardening self-leveling mortar (8) is solidified and has a certain strength until the whole long explosive bag (1) is covered and is higher than the long explosive bag (1) by a distance or is filled with blast holes.
9. The construction method for the structure of the sectional charge in the downward vertical blasthole or the large-inclination blasthole according to claim 8, wherein the replacing step of the step S1 is:
preparing for charging, namely opening a zipper (2) on a bag body of a charging long bag (1), placing a section of foaming material (12) in a cell at the bottom of the charging long bag in each charging section (5), placing explosive in part of cells, binding all the explosive in one charging section on one detonating cord (13), and placing a section of hollow bamboo tube or plastic tube in the cell which is not charged; placing an electronic detonator (10) in the explosive of each explosive loading section (5), enabling all detonator leg wires (7) to pass through a gap between the zipper (2) and the grid chamber and lead out of the explosive loading long bag (1), and then pulling the zipper; cleaning the blast holes (11).
10. A method of constructing a structure for staged charging in a downward vertical blasthole or a large inclination blasthole as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing an electronic detonator (10) and an explosive and dry sand (18); cleaning the blast holes (11);
s2, charging in a charging section, pouring or putting down the explosive in a blast hole, inserting an electronic detonator (10) in a section of emulsion explosive cartridge, putting down the cartridge on the surface of the explosive in the charging section, and leading out a detonator leg wire (7) outside the blast hole (11);
s3, constructing a separation section, namely filling dry sand (18) into a blast hole, filling gaps between explosive and the blast hole, covering the explosive, then placing a grouting pipe into the blast hole (11) until the grouting pipe is in contact with the dry sand (18), and injecting micro-expansion rapid hardening self-leveling mortar (8) from the grouting pipe, wherein the grouting pipe is synchronously lifted in the injection process; stopping 1-2 hours when the grouting amount reaches the height of one separation section (6); setting self-leveling mortar (8) to generate certain strength after micro-expansion and quick setting;
s4, putting a section of foaming material (12);
s5, repeating S1 and S2 or S1, S2, S3, S4, S1 and S2 until the full hole charge is completed;
s6, blocking the upper orifice;
in S3, the grain diameter of the dry sand soil (18) is smaller than 0.25 and mm, the clay content is not smaller than 40%, and the grain diameter is smaller than 0.005mm.
11. The method of constructing a structure for a split charge in a downward vertical blasthole or a large-inclination blasthole according to claim 8, comprising the steps of:
there is also a step between steps S1 and S2, namely: the lower orifice of the blast hole (11) is strongly blocked by a blocking material (17).
12. The method of constructing a structure for a split charge in a downward vertical blasthole or a large-inclination blasthole according to claim 8, comprising the steps of:
step S1 is preceded by a step of: and (3) reaming the side wall part of the blast hole (11).
13. The construction method for the structure of the sectional charge in the downward vertical blasthole or the large-inclination blasthole according to claim 10, wherein the replacing step of the step S2 is:
the explosive loading section is used for loading, a loading pipe of the explosive mixed loading truck is placed at the bottom of a blast hole (11), and the explosive is injected from the loading pipe, so that the loading pipe is synchronously lifted in the injection process; stopping charging when the charging quantity reaches the height of one charging section (5), inserting an electronic detonator (10) into one section of emulsion explosive cartridge, lowering the cartridge to the surface of the explosive in the charging section, and leading out the detonator leg wires (7) outside the blast holes (11).
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| CN1170868A (en) * | 1997-06-20 | 1998-01-21 | 煤炭科学研究总院抚顺分院 | Axial booster tube method for deep hole explosive train blast and booster tube and booster charge stick |
| KR100293483B1 (en) * | 1998-11-06 | 2001-09-17 | 심동수 | Explosion-proof dustproof method by ground cutting |
| CN103206903B (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2015-03-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Hard roof directional pressurized explosion control method |
| CN103389015A (en) * | 2013-08-09 | 2013-11-13 | 贵州新联爆破工程集团有限公司 | Subsection millisecond differential blasting method in blasthole |
| CN105627845B (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2018-08-24 | 叶建军 | The long bag of powder charge and using the long bag of powder charge to the method for blast hole projectile filling |
| CN105571418B (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2018-01-16 | 程大春 | Reinforced beam or post water coupling blasting demolishing method |
| CN105737697B (en) * | 2016-05-05 | 2017-06-27 | 武汉大学 | A kind of outlining blasting method suitable for joints development rock mass |
| CN106524844B (en) * | 2016-09-26 | 2018-02-13 | 中铁十六局集团北京轨道交通工程建设有限公司 | Boulder reconnoitres the construction method with explosion treatment along a kind of shield tunnel |
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