RU2417180C1 - Material for sculpture-decorative works - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates materials used in making moulded and sculpture articles for restoring missing fragments on restored objects. The material for sculpture-decorative works contains the following in pts. wt: gypsum binder 100, water 0-40, silicon dioxide 0-20, epoxy resin 40-80, ester plasticiser 8-30, epoxy resin amine hardener 8-20.

EFFECT: high strength, as well as water- and heat resistance.

1 ex, 1 tbl

Description

The invention relates to materials used for the manufacture of stucco products, for the restoration of lost fragments on restored objects, when replacing products from ceramics, metal, wood, as well as the manufacture of water and temperature resistant sculptures of increased strength.

In addition, the invention may find application in the manufacture of tabletop sculptures and objects of artistic and applied designation, in particular objects subject to heat and moisture.

Widely known material for stucco work, which contains gypsum and water. However, such a material quickly hardens and has poor adhesion to most materials. It does not have sufficient mechanical strength, heat and moisture resistance.

A known mixture based on phosphogypsum with sufficient strength, but low moisture resistance. In addition, it is not ecological - RF patent 2052416. A known mixture based on two-water secondary gypsum, lime and water - RF patent 2203235, which also contains slag Portland cement. The disadvantage is its poor water resistance.

Water resistance is partially improved in a mixture containing paraffin, glycerin, higher fatty acids, German application 3238090, 1983. The use of special fat additives of the Russian Federation 2246460, which increase the water resistance of gypsum shaped parts, is also known. Other compositions based on cement and gypsum components (polymer concrete) with good strength and technological properties, but with poor adhesive adhesion to the constructs are also known.

Resin-based polymer thermosets for sculptural applications, on the other hand, are known.

However, these materials have mainly casting properties and are used already at the third stage of manufacturing the product according to the scheme - the primary model of sculpture from any material, shape (usually from an elastic thermoset - elastomer) and finally filling the mold with an epoxy-based composition.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is the ability to restore products and architectural-relief fragments, as well as the production of copyright works in one stage.

EFFECT: increased strength, improved adhesive properties, the ability to obtain products of any shape due to increased ductility.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the material for sculptural work, containing a gypsum binder and water, additionally contains epoxy resin, silicon dioxide, ester plasticizer and amine hardener of epoxy resin in the following ratio of components, parts by weight:

Gypsum binder one hundred Water 0-40 Silica 0-20 Epoxy resin 40-80 Ester plasticizer 8-30 Amine Hardener Epoxy 8-20

The content of the components in these ratios allows you to combine high viscosity, providing adhesion, the necessary deformability of the composition, the convenience of giving any shape, holding on the walls of the part with right angles or negative slopes due to the ratio of gypsum-water-resin-silicon dioxide. In addition, adhesion and autoadhesion to the material are ensured due to the epoxy component of the composition, the curing rate is adjustable over a wide range due to the resin - hardener - water ratio, as well as the high strength of the obtained product, the speed and quality of its production. In the process of creating the sculptural mixture, the following materials were used:

gypsum binder - GOST 4.204-79,

epoxy resin - GOST 10587-84,

amine hardener - GOST 10587-84,

ester plasticizer - GOST 8728,

silicon dioxide - GOST 18307-78

In accordance with the recipe, 100 parts of a gypsum binder are mixed in the mixer for 3-5 minutes at room temperature with the sequential addition of an amine hardener, the specified plasticizer, epoxy resin and water. Mixing time after successive addition of components is 3-10 minutes.

Components can be mixed at the same time. The curing rate and the increase in viscosity depends on their quantitative ratio. It is recommended to use utensils and a mixer made of polyethylene or propylene to prevent adhesion to other materials or partial swelling of materials.

On the other hand, the components can be mixed together and stored for the necessary time in the form of a mixture - gypsum binder - plasticizer - amine hardener and in the form of a mixture - resin - silicon dioxide - water. These component mixtures can be prepared in advance and brought into contact in the manufacture of the material for sculptural work. Water in this case in the extreme case may be absent. The composition of the proposed material is given in the table, the components are given per 100 parts by weight. gypsum binder.

No. p \ p Epoxy resin Amine hardener Ester plasticizer Silica Water one 40 10 twenty no 10 2 45 fifteen twenty no twenty 3 fifty 8 fifteen 2 25 four 55 9 twenty four fifteen 5 60 fifteen thirty twenty no 6 70 twenty 10 10 40 7 80 12 8 5 35

In compositions 1, 2, 3, ethylene diamine is used as an amine hardener, and dibutyl phthalate is used as an ester plasticizer.

In compositions 4, 5, 6, diethylene triamine is used as an amine hardener, and dioctyl phthalate is used as an ester plasticizer.

In composition 7, polyethylene polyamine is used as an amine hardener, and dioctyl sebacinate is used as an ester plasticizer.

Example 1

1 kg of dry gypsum binder, 0.2 kg of plasticizer - dibutyl phthalate, 0.002 kg of silicon dioxide, 0.5 kg of epoxy resin, 0.12 kg of ethylene diamine amine hardener and 0.4 kg of water are successively placed in a container. The mixture is stirred until homogeneous, with an approximate mixing time of 10 minutes.

Example 2

In a separate container mix 1 kg of gypsum binder, 0.15 kg of plasticizer - dioctyl phthalate, 0.1 kg of hardener. In another container mix 0.6 kg of epoxy resin, 0.5 kg of water. Pre-mixing of the components in these combinations favors the quality and uniformity of the final material, while the time of preliminary mixing is not limited.

The mixtures thoroughly mixed until a homogeneous state are brought into contact and further mixed for 5-10 minutes. When diluting the original gypsum binder, an ester plasticizer can be used instead of water. The absence of water in the sculptural material does not preclude the cultivation of the gypsum binder to the desired consistency.

This composition was developed, tested at KTS CJSC in the preparation of decorative, architectural and sculptural restoration work. The surface of the material can withstand not only the temperature and humidity effects in the premises, but also full-scale effects in the required range (precipitation, temperature, humidity and atmospheric pressure).

Analysis of all the data shows the following advantages of the proposed sculptural and decorative material in comparison with the composition of the prototype:

- the possibility of restoration of products and architectural and relief fragments, as well as the production of copyright works in one stage,

- it becomes possible to combine high viscosity, providing adhesion, the necessary deformability of the composition, the convenience of giving any shape, as well as the retention on the walls of the part with right angles or negative slopes. This ensures adhesion and autoadhesion to the material due to the epoxy component of the material,

- it becomes possible to control the curing rate due to the proposed ratio of components,

- provides high strength of the resulting product, as well as increased speed of receipt and quality of the final product,

- it is possible to prepare the material not only by sequentially introducing all the components into the mixing tank, but also receiving it in the form of two pre-prepared mixtures, brought into contact immediately before starting work. This ensures ease of use and quality of the material itself,

- it is not required for the preparation of material the use of complex devices and special devices,

- the resulting material, compared with the material closest to the analogues, has a compressive strength of 15–20% higher, adhesive strength (peel) is 7–9% higher.

Claims (1)

A material for sculptural work containing a gypsum binder and water, characterized in that it further comprises an epoxy resin, an amine hardener, silicon dioxide and an ester plasticizer in the following ratio of components, parts by weight:
gypsum binder one hundred water 0-40 silica 0-20 ester plasticizer 8-30 epoxy resin 40-80 amine hardener 8-20