RU2416425C1 - Anti-decubitus oil - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention refers to creation of fatty oil and essence compositions for decubitus ulcer treatment. The anti-decubitus oil contains sea-buckthorn, wheat-germ fatty oils, Alexanrdia laurel oil and essences: origanum, geranium, cedar, marjoram, myrrh, palmarose, patchouli, guaiacum, tanacetum and tea tree in the certain proportions.

EFFECT: provided maximum circulation management within an injury, rejection of necrotic mass (the same decubitus ulcer), skin restoration within the decubitus ulcer and the fastest cleansed wound repair.

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Description

The invention relates to the creation of compositions for the treatment of pressure ulcers based on fatty and essential oils.

In medicine, the demand for drugs for the treatment of pressure sores is growing rapidly in connection with complex surgical diseases and an increasing number of bedridden patients with different etiologies.

Pressure ulcer-necrosis of the skin, due to prolonged compression of soft tissues with impaired trophism, mainly occurs in bedridden patients.

Pressure ulcers are a serious complication in patients with impaired tissue nutrition, both under the influence of external compression and as a result of various systemic diseases. The term bedsore (decubitus), derived from the Latin word decumbere (lie), is not entirely correct, since it gives reason to believe that bedsores are formed only when the patient is lying. In fact, bedsores can develop as a result of any compression from the outside, especially at the site of bone protrusions, as well as in patients with impaired tissue innervation as a result of injuries or diseases of the spinal cord. Clinically more correct is the designation of this pathological process as an ulcer formed as a result of pressure. Pressure ulcers occur most often in areas of the body where the skin adheres to the bony protrusions. As a result of special studies, it was demonstrated that a continuous pressure of 70 mmHg within 2 hours causes irreversible changes in the tissues. At the same time, with the cessation of pressure every 5 minutes, minimal changes occur in the tissues without any consequences (Kosiak M., 1961). Muscle fibers are more sensitive to ischemic factor than skin. Changes in response to pressure develop primarily in the muscle layer above the bone protrusion. Subsequently, they spread towards the skin. Pressure infringes on small vessels, stops the blood supply to the skin and the underlying tissue, as a result of which the tissue dies. Pressure necrotic ulcers have long attracted the attention of surgeons. Gradually revealed various factors affecting their occurrence and development. Ambroise Pare (1585) drew attention to the elimination of pressure as the main condition for the successful treatment of pressure sores. Brown.Sequard (1852) believed that, in addition to pressure on the skin, humidity is a decisive factor in the development of necrotic ulcers. Munro (1940) showed by his research that disorders of the autonomic nervous system lead to the development of skin necrosis. The decisive role in the formation of ulcers is played by displacement forces.

In the future, based on the formed views on the pathogenesis of pressure ulcers, various treatment methods were proposed. The most significant messages in this area can be considered:

closing a large ulcer defect by transplanting a skin flap (Brooks and Duncan, 1940) or moving a muscular-skin flap (White et al., 1945), excising an ulcer, followed by primary healing (Lamon and Alexander, 1945), removing bone protrusions under the ulcer and replacing them with muscle flaps as a soft pad (Kostrubola and Greeley, 1947). In the second half of the XX century, in connection with the clarification of the biomechanics of the formation of pressure ulcers, the main direction in solving this problem was the preventive direction.

The average hospital stay for the treatment of pressure sores is 46 days. With good medical care, the condition of a patient with pressure sores improves in 79%, in 40% they are completely cured.

Pressure ulcers occur for three reasons:

- from constant pressure,

- from heat and humidity,

- from perspiration.

Unfortunately, modern scientific research is mainly aimed at the development of new methods of treating pressure ulcers that have already formed. In the medical literature, as a rule, four stages of bedsores are described. Treatment for pressure sores, and more importantly, the prevention of pressure sores should be started as quickly as possible. Pressure sores are associated with significant pain.

In addition to special preventive measures, it is necessary to treat any concomitant diseases and syndromes that contribute to the formation of pressure ulcers of various localization (diabetes mellitus, occlusive arterial diseases, adequate pain relief and correction of water-electrolyte balance).

Topical treatment for an emerging pressure sore ulcer includes a thorough toilet area of the changed skin. Starting from the 70s of the XX century, the effectiveness of various drugs for treating ulcers was studied with precision. For this purpose, a wide range of antiseptics was used until Rodeheaver G. (1988) data on the damaging effect on the cell membranes of all ion-exchange preparations (hexachlorophen, chlorhexidine, povidone-iodine, etc.) appeared. These drugs disrupt the permeability of cell membranes and inhibit the ability of cells to withstand bacterial invasion. Sometimes, killing leukocytes in a wound, they create favorable conditions for the development of microflora. Therefore, in the presence of a clean pressure sore ulcer or an inflamed surface of the skin, the toilet is produced with saline or drugs that do not have ion-exchange properties. After the toilet, with undisturbed skin integrity, the surface is thoroughly dried and treated with agents that improve local blood circulation.

Depending on the stage of pressure sores, adhesive polyurethane film dressings (transparent films) are applied, which provide oxygen from the atmosphere to the ulcer and moisture from the ulcer surface. However, rather small pores of the dressing prevent bacterial flora from entering the ulcer, and the transparency of the dressing allows visual monitoring of the skin condition. In some cases, foamy semi-permeable dressings are preferred because they meet all the requirements for the treatment of pressure sores.

In mixed forms, sequential necrectomy is the best method. The basis for further treatment is the rehabilitation of the resulting pressure sore ulcer in the stage of inflammation using local antiseptics and other drugs. To maximize the reduction of microbial contamination, ultrasound treatment of the ulcer, exposure to UHF in a thermal dose, phonophoresis with antiseptics and electrophoresis of antibiotics are performed. In order to stimulate reparative processes, they act on tissues with low-intensity laser radiation, conduct dorsanalization of the pressure sore circumference, stimulate the wound surface with direct current, mud applications and electroacupuncture.

The prior art means of plant origin.

A known method of obtaining an oil extract by infusing 500 g of fresh flowers with leaves in 1 l of sunflower oil and 500 ml of white wine for 3 days, followed by evaporation of the wine. Oil extract was used to treat long-term non-healing wounds, ulcers and pressure sores by applying dressings, (patent No. 1836096,1993; Turova A.D. Medicinal plants of the USSR and their use, 2nd ed., M., 1974, s.246- 249).

In addition, an ointment for external use is known as an analgesic in the treatment of arthrosis, arthritis, having in its composition, wt.%: Turpentine oil 14-16; eucalyptus oil 9-11; camphor oil 14-16, tar birch 19-21; vinylin 4-6; melted butter - the rest (see RF application No. 94023371, A61K 31/075, A61K 9/06, publ. 1996).

Vegetable fatty oils containing carotenoids (sea buckthorn, mountain ash, rosehip oil and others) have a wound healing ability due to the presence of a complex of natural biologically active substances, in particular carotenoids, and are also widely used in folk medicine in the treatment of pressure sores. (Collection of traditional medicine and alternative methods of treatment, G.Z. Minejyan, M., 1991).

The objective of the present invention is to develop a composition with maximum effect on the pressure sore area based on natural oils - fatty and essential.

The technical result is the maximum restoration of blood circulation at the site of injury, rejection of necrotic masses (the bedsore itself), restoration of skin integument in the area of the pressure sore, and the quickest healing of a cleaned wound.

The problem is solved as follows.

An anti-decubitus oil containing fatty sea-buckthorn oil and wheat germ oil is proposed, characterized in that it additionally contains tamanu oil and essential oils: oregano, geranium, cedar, marjoram, myrrh, palmorosa, patchouli, guaiac wood, chamomile and tea tree when kept components, wt.%:

sea buckthorn oil 15-25 wheat germ oil 5-15 tamanu oil 20-35 oregano oil 2-5 geranium oil 1,5-4 cedar oil 2-4 marjoram oil 1,5-5 myrrh oil 2-5 palmmarose oil 1-4 patchouli oil 1-5 guaiac wood oil 2-5 maracanic chamomile oil 3-8 tea tree oil 1,5-4

The oil is prepared by simple mixing in the indicated proportions. Store in a glass container in a dark place at room temperature.

Characteristics of incoming components

Fixed oils

Tamanu is a high healing antibacterial ability. It contains calophyllic acid and an immunostimulating and anti-inflammatory agent - calophyllolide, rich in glyco and phospholipids, and contains a compound similar to the antibiotic lactone. Restores broken capillaries and texture on damaged skin. Reduces skin irritation, soothes it, and is also an active moisturizer. It is well absorbed into the skin, penetrating into all its layers, enhancing blood circulation,

Wheat germ - stimulates metabolic processes, regenerates, moisturizes and softens the skin. Contains Vitamin E, Provitamin A, B, D, F, PP, Lecithin and Enzymes. Contains about 50% linoleic acid.

Sea buckthorn is a multivitamin and therapeutic drug. It contains biologically active substances - carotenoids, tocopherol, fatty acids, phytosterols, phospholipids, vitamins A, C, K, P, group B and others. It has an antibacterial property and can accelerate epithelization.

Essential oils

Oregano perfectly heals wounds, is a tonic and stimulant. Helps strengthen immunity, contains ascorbic acid.

Geranium - a tonic for the nervous system, reduces stress. Stimulates the activity of the lymphatic system. It controls the formation of sebum, activates blood flow. Antacid contains vitamins C and K, carotene, a large amount of calcium.

Cedar cleanses the skin from suppuration, soothes, softens. It enhances blood circulation and oxygen saturation of tissues, helps tissue respiration, and promotes rapid tissue regeneration. Contains volatile.

Marjoram is an antiseptic that restores and heals the broken integrity of the skin. Stimulates brain activity, stimulates blood flow. It has an analgesic effect. It has antibacterial, antiviral properties, being a prophylactic of bacterial and viral infections transmitted by airborne droplets.

Mirra is an antimicrobial, antiseptic, healing, general stimulating agent. It has an invigorating effect during a breakdown, apathy. Optimizes peripheral blood flow. Prevents tissue degeneration, promotes healing of weeping wounds - dries moist skin.

Palmarosa is an antiseptic, bactericidal, cytophylactic agent. It clears the mind, has a mild anti-sclerotic effect. It helps restore the skin, resists skin infections, and kills the bacteria Eschenchia coli.

Patchouli is an antiseptic, anti-inflammatory agent that does not allow the introduction of pathogenic flora (microbes, viruses, protozoa, fungi). Promotes scarring of the tissue, has a constricting, cytophylactic effect. Prevents fluid retention in the body. Clarifies the mind, strengthens the nervous system, promotes the growth of skin cells.

Guaiac wood has an anti-inflammatory, constricting effect. Relieves nervous tension. Improves blood circulation, cleanses the blood. It activates the metabolism, stimulates the activity of the skin, intestines. It has anti-allergic effect. Relieves pain, itching.

Maracanic chamomile is an antiseptic, painkiller, increases the secretion of the digestive glands, has a choleretic effect, reduces fermentation processes, relieves intestinal cramps, and has a weak atropine-like effect. Chamazulen enhances regenerative processes, weakens allergic reactions, has a local anesthetic effect, mucous membranes protect the tissue from external irritants, adsorb various poisons, soften the skin, antipruritic, promote scarring, healing of infected wounds. Restores damaged capillaries, normalizes the blood formula.

Tea tree is a general stimulating, bactericidal, antifungal agent, tones the heart, activates the work of white blood cells, forming a protective barrier during the spread of pathogens, promotes scarring, is a powerful restorative. The antiseptic effect of tea tree oil is 8 times stronger than carbolic acid and 12 times stronger than phenol. Actively against all three categories of microorganisms that cause infections: bacteria, fungi, viruses. Successfully copes with Candida albicans mushrooms.

Oil is applied directly to the resulting pressure sore ulcer with the capture of the redness area of the adjacent tissue. After 10-15 minutes, the treated surface can be covered with clothing.

Implementation examples

Example 1. Patient M., 69 years old. Diagnosis: a condition after a stroke, a beginning sore of the gluteal-sacral region. The focus of inflammation 10.0 by 12.0 cm, edema, vivid hyperemia. After applying the oil, hyperemia decreased a day later. After 3 days - a significant decrease in the focus of inflammation.

Example 2. Patient C., 50 years old. Diagnosis: 20% of the back surface is damaged by pressure sores as a result of a long lying down due to disability (not healing for a long time, despite prolonged treatment). Every day, for 10 days, anti-decubitus oil was applied. The pain was quickly relieved, after 3 days the necrotic tissues were removed and after 10 days, tender skin appeared on the site of the pressure sores.

Example 3. Patient O., 45 years old. Diagnosis: multiple sclerosis, pressure sores of the buttock and sacral region to the bone base, the presence of necrotic masses. The focus of inflammation in sizes 08.0 to 10.0 cm, edema, bright hyperemia. After applying the oil, hyperemia decreased a day later. After 7 days - the formation of new skin tissue. Oil was applied 2-3 times a day, after applying the composition, the wound remained open for 15 minutes, then a diaper was put on.

The healing time of the resulting pressure sore ulcer was 2.5 weeks.

The healing effect of sea buckthorn oil is due to the presence of phytosterols in its composition, as well as various vitamins and acids. Phytosterols contribute to muscle anabolism, but with a problem of an already formed pressure sore, this is not enough, because:

it is required to restore the destroyed capillaries at the lesion site;

stimulate the activity of the brain;

to dry a pressure ulcer;

anesthetize;

strengthen immunity;

activate local growth of new skin cells;

relieve nervous tension, itching;

it is necessary to have an active tightening effect of the skin in the presence of an already formed pressure sore;

exclude the possibility of penetration of pathogenic flora (microbes, viruses, protozoa, fungi);

when carrying out antibacterial therapy, reduce allergic reactions;

prevent fluid retention in the body.

Such a comprehensive effect on the decubitus lesion is achieved by the present invention.

Given the peculiarity of preventive measures to prevent the formation and treatment of an existing bedsore, the composition of anti-decubitus oil has the following actions.

When applied to the surface of the skin, the components of the oils easily penetrate the skin, are quickly incorporated into the systemic circulation, entering the body in an unchanged form.

The aggressiveness of essential oils in relation to microbes is combined with their harmlessness to the human body.

With prolonged use of antibiotics, immunological reactivity decreases, drug allergies and candidiasis occur, and, finally, drug resistance of the microorganisms themselves is formed. The antiseptic ability of essential oils does not decrease over time, and microorganisms practically do not develop resistance to them.

Upon evaporation from the skin surface, pathogenic microflora is destroyed in the room, inhibiting their development. The antibiotic effect of essential oils on microbes is due to the destruction of the cytoplasmic (peripheral) membrane and a decrease in the activity of aerobic respiration, which leads to a decrease in the energy release necessary for the synthesis of various organic compounds. Thus, essential oils do not allow microorganisms to create their own defense mechanisms and adapt to an aggressive agent.

Essential oils are not mutagenic.

The risk of developing atherosclerotic vascular lesions is reduced by lowering the level of beta-lipoproteins, total and protein-bound cholesterol.

Stimulation of reparative tissue regeneration is due to a homeopathic combination (or microdoses) of various hydrocarbons.

Oils have a high penetrating ability, because readily soluble in fats, which form the basis of cell membranes.

With an insufficient content of vitamins and microelements in the human body, oils ensure their rapid intake in an unchanged formula, reaching a concentration after 4 hours in the liver.

The results of the tests showed that the proposed oil contributes to the maximum restoration of blood circulation at the site of damage, the rejection of necrotic masses (the bedsore itself), the restoration of the skin in the area of the bedsore and the faster healing of the cleaned wound.

In addition, the oil can be used for thermal burns of the skin and diaper rash.

Claims (1)

Anti-decubitus oil containing sea buckthorn fatty oil, characterized in that it additionally contains tamanu oil and wheat germ oil, essential oils: oregano, geranium, cedar, marjoram, myrrh, palmarosa, patchouli, guaiac wood, maracanic chamomile and tea tree with components , wt.%:
sea buckthorn oil 15-25 wheat germ oil 5-15 tamanu oil 20-35 oregano oil 2-5 geranium oil 1,5-4 cedar oil 2-4 marjoram oil 1,5-5 myrrh oil 2-5 palmmarose oil 1-4 patchouli oil 1-5 guaiac wood oil 2-5 maracanic chamomile oil 3-8 tea tree oil 1,5-4