RU2416187C1 - Method to reduce sugar beet morbidity - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method consists in the fact that seeds prior to sowing are treated with an aqueous solution of Baliz-2 preparation in the concentration of 3-5% for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 70-80°C. Crops are sprinkled with an aqueous solution of Baikal EM-5 preparation in the concentration of 0.01-0.02% when 5-6 pairs of real leaves appear.

EFFECT: invention will make it possible to reduce morbidity of plants.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to methods for combating sugar beet diseases.

A known method of reducing the incidence of sugar beets, in which the pre-sowing treatment of seeds is carried out with a mixture of pesticides and growth substances, and during the growing season, in the phase of 1-2 and 8-10 pairs of real leaves, additionally carry out the processing of crops (patent No. 229750, published 04/27/2007 )

In the known method, several chemical biological substances are used (hinufur, TMTD, albite, kinmix, epinextra, silk, actellic, altosuper, standard, etc.), which increases costs.

There is also known a method in which the seeds are soaked before sowing in a solution of zoogumin as a stimulating substance (patent No. 2292699, published 02.10.2007, AO1C 1/00).

With this method, it is necessary to carry out a number of measures to reduce the incidence rate, which also increases the cost of implementing a technical solution.

The closest technical solution is the method in which, to reduce the incidence rate, plants are sprayed with Baikal EM-5 biological product (EM technology - 21st century biotechnology. Collection of materials on the practical use of the drug (Baikal EM - Almaty, 2006, p. 37) .

The disadvantage of the prototype method is that to reduce the incidence and prevent the occurrence of pests, frequent treatments are carried out during the growing season, which also increases the cost of implementing the method.

EFFECT: reduced costs and incidence of plants, expansion of biological products to increase growth-regulating activity. The technical solution of the claimed object is that the beet seeds are soaked before sowing in 3-5% aqueous solution of Baliz-2 at a temperature of 70-80 ° C for 2-3 hours, and in the phase of 5-6 pairs of real leaves, the crops are processed Baikal-EM 5 biological product at a concentration of 0.01-0.02%.

The method is as follows.

Seeds before sowing are soaked in an aqueous solution of Baliz-2 in an amount of 3-5%. Baliz-2 - an antibacterial drug obtained by microbiological synthesis, has the most pronounced bactericidal effect, stimulates inhibited processes in diseases of the surface of seeds, germinating sprouts and leaves. It is a mixture of carbohydrate keto acids. Boiling point 100 ° С, freezes at 0 ° С.

When heated, it does not lose its antibacterial and antioxidant properties. The drug also has an antimutagenic effect. The acidity of the liquid is high and is Ph-2.7. It is widely used in medicine for purulent wounds, burns, ulcers of various etiologies, peritonitis, gastritis, colitis, tonsillitis, gynecology, dentistry and other bacterial diseases. Used in medicine since 1994 (decision of the pharmacological committee No. 12 of June 7, 1994).

In agriculture it is used for the first time. The parameters of the method (3-5%) are determined by the high acidity of the drug and the activity of exposure.

The temperature in the range of 70-80 ° C ensures the acceleration of swelling of seeds and at the same time reduce the incidence during heat treatment. Higher temperatures can reduce seed germination due to the high acidity of the solution.

Baikal EM-5 is a mixture of fungicidal microorganisms, widely used in agriculture against diseases and pests. With the help of this drug, it is possible not only to prevent damage to crops by insects and diseases, but also to increase their productivity, and most importantly, stop using herbicides and other chemicals. In addition, Baikal EM-5 has a healing effect on the plant. In contrast to the prototype, in this technical solution, Baikal EM-5 is used once in the phase of 5-6 true leaves after presowing treatment of seeds.

Treated Baliz-2 seeds not only reduce the incidence of seeds and seedlings, but also develop more intensively. Subsequent treatment in the phase of 5-6 pairs of true leaves is a preventive and growth-promoting methods.

Example 1. The hectare norm of the seeds of 18-20 kg / ha of single-sprouted sugar beets was soaked in a 3% solution of Baliz-2 at a temperature of 70 ° C for 3 hours. Baliz-2 in the amount of 300 g per 10 liters of water was heated and soaked in solution.

Dried seeds were sown on the site. When 5-6 pairs of true leaves appeared, the crops were treated with an aqueous solution of Baikal-5 at a concentration of 0.01% or 30 g of the drug per 300 liters of water (hectare norm).

Example 2. Seeds of sugar beets before sowing were soaked at a temperature of 80 ° C in 5% solution of Baliz-2 for 2 hours. Dried seeds were sown in the field and when 5-6 pairs of true leaves appeared, the crops were sprayed with a 0.02% Baikal EM-5 aqueous solution.

These results are summarized in the table, from which it follows that the proposed option has maximum germination and a low percentage of beet plants.

Experience Options Field germination% Disease prevalence,% cercosporosis powdery mildew fomosis prototype Baikal EM-5 88.5 18.2 23.1 9.8 seed treatment Baliz-2 at a concentration of 1-2% + Baikal EM-5 93.2 14.6 19,4 8.2 proposed 97.8 8.4 13.6 4,5 seed treatment Baliz 2 at a concentration of 6-7% + Baikal-EM-5 92.4 7.5 11.8 3.8

At a higher concentration, the incidence decreases, but seed germination also decreases due to the high acidity of the Baliz-2 solution.

Therefore, seed treatment with a new biological product suppresses the development of harmful pathogens, increases the activity of plant growth and development.

Claims (1)

A method of reducing the incidence of sugar beets, including pre-sowing treatment of seeds with a biological product and processing of crops with an aqueous solution of a biological product consisting of a mixture of fungicidal microorganisms, characterized in that the seeds are treated with an aqueous solution of a biological product Baliz-2 at a concentration of 3-5% for 2-3 hours at a temperature of 70-80 ° C, and the crops are sprayed with an aqueous solution of Baikal EM-5 at a concentration of 0.01-0.02% when 5-6 pairs of true leaves appear.