RU2404049C1 - Method of producing chips-cement plates - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction, namely to production of chips-cement plates. Proposed method comprises logs unbarking at unbarking line, holding them for 4-6 months at drying and vaporisation site, feeding logs to crushing line, producing chips, feeding chips into mixer of chips, mortar, water, water solution of aluminium sulphate and water solution of liquid glass. Then finished mix is fed into plastic wood moulds. Filled moulds are transferred through mix placement line are stacked by stacker. Said stacker is placed under press to press the stack. Then moulds are placed for 24 h into day-long hardening chamber wherein initial hardening occurs at 40°C. Now, they are removed from said chamber, dissembled by manipulators and transferred to mold removal device for finished plates to be withdrawn and sent to face trimming and stacking. Stacks are placed for 7 day-maturing to remove moisture and acquire intermediate hardness. Note here that plates are placed on spacers in vertical position. After 7 days they are stacked. The stacks are transferred to 20 day-maturing to acquire required hardness. Complete production cycle makes 28 days.

EFFECT: production of chips-cement plates, power savings.

1 ex

Description

The invention is intended for the production of building boards and may find application in the production of building boards for civil and industrial construction.

The following materials are used for the production of chip cement boards:

- spruce or pine chips, as well as their mixture;

- Portland cement;

- aluminum sulfate;

- sodium silicate (sodium liquid glass);

- water.

Chips of spruce or pine are the main component of the plate and make up 90% of its volume. Cement is used to bond wood chips and give the plate strength. Sodium silicate is used to mineralize wood chips and, together with cement, gives the stove resistance to burning, mold and the effects of various bacteria. Aluminum sulfate serves as an antiseptic and catalyst to accelerate the hardening process of plates.

The prototype of the proposed method is represented by RF patent No. 2220043, published December 27, 2003, IPC: B27N 3/04. The patent relates to a method for the manufacture of building and insulation boards from straw. The method consists in the fact that a carpet with a density deviation of not more than 8% is formed from straw with a moisture content of up to 18%. Then hot pressing is carried out at a temperature of 100-180 ° C (depending on the type of grain crops) and a specific pressure of 1600 kN / m2 for 10-15 minutes, followed by exposure without heating for 10 minutes. The straw is not chopped.

The present invention increases the strength of the pressed plate, increases its fire resistance and reduces the energy intensity of the pressing process in comparison with the prototype. The method allows to obtain plates with good structural, strength, sound and heat insulation characteristics.

Common features of the prototype and the proposed method for the manufacture of chip cement boards: the presence of the process of pressing, hardening and drying.

The difference of the proposed method from the analog is manifested in the absence of the need for preliminary manufacture of the carpet from raw materials.

The purpose of the development of the proposed method for the manufacture of cement-cement slabs is the use of barked spruce wood, pine and their mixture as the primary raw material for building boards, this use increases the fire resistance, structural, strength, heat, sound insulation properties of the plate, leads to a decrease in its weight.

The technical task of the proposed method is the development of the manufacturing process of cement-cement slabs with optimal energy-saving modes.

This goal is achieved in that the method of manufacturing whisper cement slabs involves barking logs on the debarking line and keeping them for 4-6 months in the drying and evaporation section of sugars, feeding the logs to the crushing line, where the logs go through the following processing steps: cutting logs into lengths no more than 1,0 m; crushing on wood chips; screening chips with the return of large fractions of chips for processing and removal of metal; supply of the working fraction to the chip storage bunker; further, the chips from the storage hopper are fed to the mixer through the chip dispenser, in addition to chips, cement, water, an aqueous solution of aluminum sulfate and an aqueous solution of liquid glass are fed into the mixer, moreover, all components of the mixture are mixed in the mixer, then the finished mixture passes through a double the distributor of the mixture in wood-plastic molds, the filled molds pass the line of laying the mixture, are installed with the help of the stacker into the stack, then the stack is fed under the press, where the press performs the pressing of the stack, during which the mixture is compacted to the volume specified in the molds, and after pressing the molds with the mixture are placed for 24 hours in the daily hardening chamber, in which the initial strength set at 40 ° C; after 24 hours, the stack with the hardened mixture is removed from the daily hardening chamber for its further disassembly, which is carried out by the manipulators by alternately removing molds from the stack and transferring them to the mold stripping device, with which ready plates are shaken from the molds, which are used to trim the ends and are laid in a stack, which is then moved to a 7-day aging chamber to remove water and set intermediate strength, and the plates are installed through the gaskets for drying in a vertical position uu and after 7 days are stacked, which moves at portion 20-day maturation, in which the evaporation of moisture and the strength of the final set of plates.

Thus, the full cycle of plate production is 28 days. After 28 days, chip-cement slabs are ready for shipment to consumers.

An example of a specific method for the manufacture of chip cement boards "Velox" WS-35.

A method of manufacturing Velox WS-35 cement-cement slabs involves the debarking of spruce, pine logs or their mixture on the debarking line and keeping the debarked logs for 4 months at the drying and evaporation of sugars section, feeding the logs to the crushing line, where the logs undergo the following processing steps:

- cutting logs into pieces 1.0 m long;

- crushing on wood chips;

- sieving chips with the return of large fractions of chips for processing and removal of metal;

- supply of the working fraction to the chip storage bunker;

- supply of chips from the storage hopper through the hopper - dispenser to the mixer, which simultaneously serves cement, dye, water, an aqueous solution of aluminum sulfate and an aqueous solution of water glass.

In the mixer, all components of the mixture are mixed. The finished mixture enters through a double distributor of the mixture in wood-plastic molds with a height of the filled space of 70 mm. Filled forms go through the line of laying the mixture, are installed using the stacker in the stack. The stack is fed under a press that compacts the stack, during which the mixture is compacted to a thickness of 35 mm. After pressing, the molds with the mixture are placed for 24 hours in the daily hardening chamber, in which the initial set of strength occurs at a temperature of 40 ° C. A stack with a hardened mixture after 24 hours is removed from the daily hardening chamber for further disassembly. Dismantling is carried out by manipulators by alternately removing forms from the stack and transferring them to the form stripping device, with which the finished plates are shaken out of the forms. Next, the plates are fed to the ends trimmed and stacked in a stack, which is then moved to a ventilated 7-day aging chamber to remove water and gain intermediate strength. In the chamber for drying the plates are installed in a vertical position through the dividing rails. At the end of 7 days, the plates are stacked in a stack that moves to the 20-day ripening section, in which evaporation of moisture and the final set of strength of the plates take place.

Materials used for the preparation of the mixture per 1 m ^{3 of} Velox WS-35 plates:

Wood 340.0 kg dry weight Cement 231.0 kg Liquid glass 7.0 kg Aluminum sulphate 3,5 kg Water 231.0

The characteristics of the main structural elements of the Velox WS-35 chip cement boards are given in the table

No. p / p Name of characteristic Value one 2 3 one Thickness mm 35 (+3; -2) 2 Width mm 500 (+3; -3) 3 Length mm 2000 (+5; -10) four Weight, kg 24 four Density, kg / m ³ 670 5 Thermal conductivity in a dry state at T25 ° C, W / mK, no more 0.12 6 Tensile strength at bending, MPa, not less 1.30 7 Vacation humidity,%, no more 25 8 Water absorption by weight,%, no more 35 9 Thickness swelling per day in water,%, no more 2.0 10 Standard service life, years 125 eleven Fire resistance of the surrounding structure, hour, not less 2.5

When analyzing the prior art, no solutions were found with a similar combination of cost-effectiveness and technical efficiency, which allows us to conclude that the claimed method meets the criteria of "novelty", "inventive step" and "industrial applicability".

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing wood chips, including the pressing of raw materials, hardening and drying of the plates, characterized in that the debarking of the logs is carried out on the debarking line, then the debarked logs are kept for 4-6 months on the site of drying and evaporation of sugars, then the logs are fed to the crushing line , where the following processing steps take place: cutting logs into pieces no more than 1.0 m long; crushing on wood chips; screening chips with the return of large fractions of chips for processing and removal of metal; supply of the working fraction to the chip storage bunker; further, the chips from the storage hopper are fed to the mixer through the chip dispenser, in addition to chips, cement, water, an aqueous solution of aluminum sulfate and an aqueous solution of liquid glass are fed into the mixer, moreover, all components of the mixture are mixed in the mixer, then the finished mixture passes through a double the distributor of the mixture in wood-plastic molds, the filled molds pass the line of laying the mixture, are installed with the help of the stacker into the stack, then the stack is fed under the press, where the press performs the pressing of the stack, during which the mixture is compacted to the volume specified in the molds, and after pressing the molds with the mixture are placed for 24 hours in the daily hardening chamber, in which the initial strength set at a temperature of 40 ° C; after 24 hours, the stack with the hardened mixture is removed from the daily hardening chamber for its further disassembly, which is carried out by the manipulators by alternately removing the molds from the stack and transferring them to the mold stripping device, with which ready plates are shaken from the molds, which are sent to trim the ends and laid in a stack, which is then moved to a chamber of seven-day aging to remove water and set intermediate strength, and the plates are installed through gaskets for drying in a vertical position ii, and then at the end of 7 days, plates are placed in a stack, which is moved to the area dvadtsatisutochnogo ripening, in which the evaporation of moisture and the strength of the final set of slabs thus complete board production cycle is 28 days.