RU2403591C2 - Method for prevention of helicopter collision with high-voltage power transmission lines - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: radio engineering.

SUBSTANCE: method consists in reception of electromagnetic oscillations reflected from supports of power transmission line in the range of radio waves by the first and second direction finders arranged in helicopter at distance B along front from each other. Each of direction finders scans space along helicopter flight, besides the first direction finder does scanning counterclockwise, and the second one - clockwise, observed bearings are identified for each of two supports of power transmission line by each direction finder, besides α₁ and α₂ -observed bearings are identified with the first direction finder of the first and second support of power transmission line, and β₁ and β₂ - observed bearings - by the second direction finder of the first and second support of power transmission line relative to construction line of helicopter, distance is determined to wires of power transmission lines along with direction of helicopter construction line with the help of according calculation formula, and based on distance value, decision is made on correction of helicopter flight direction adjustment.

EFFECT: increased accuracy of determining shortest permissible distance between helicopter and power transmission line.

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Description

The invention relates to radar technology and can be used to ensure safe flights of helicopters, namely to prevent their collisions with high-voltage power lines.

A known method of preventing collisions of a helicopter with high-voltage power lines, which consists in the fact that they accept electromagnetic waves using a receiving device placed on a helicopter, the reception of electromagnetic waves is carried out in the range of radio waves emitted by high-voltage power lines, while the radiation of high-voltage power lines of electromagnetic waves is received from different directions using multiple receiving antennas, maximum radiation patterns which are oriented in different angular sectors of the helicopter’s flight plane, and by the presence of a signal in one of the receiving antennas, the angular position of the wires of the high-voltage power transmission line relative to the helicopter body is determined, the values of the received signal are compared with the reference voltages corresponding to the values of the electromagnetic field radiated by the high-voltage power line on a known distance from it, and according to the results of the comparison, they decide on adjusting the direction of flight of the helicopter. (RF patent for the invention No. 2156985, G01S 13/93, G08G 5/04, publ. 09/27/2000).

The disadvantage of this method of preventing collisions of a helicopter with high-voltage power lines is the dependence of the measurement results on weather conditions. So, the levels of the electromagnetic field emitted by a power line caused by high-frequency transients can be 10-20 dB more in high humidity, fog or rain than in dry weather (Donald R.Zh. White Electromagnetic compatibility of electronic equipment and unintentional interference. Issue 1. General issues of EMC. Intersystem interference (M.: Soviet Radio. 1977), as a result of which the signal processing increases the error in determining the shortest distance to the power line. In addition, the method is not functional when turning off the voltage in the power line.

An object of the invention is to remedy these disadvantages.

The technical result of the invention is achieved by the fact that in the method of preventing collisions of a helicopter with high-voltage power lines, which consists in receiving electromagnetic oscillations using a receiver placed on a helicopter, receiving electromagnetic oscillations in the radio wave range, additionally emitting and receiving signals first and the second direction finders mounted on the helicopter and located along the front at a distance B from each other, each of the direction finders there is space in the direction of flight of the helicopter, the first direction finder scanning counterclockwise, and the second direction-clockwise, the angles of the bearing of each of the two power line supports with each direction finder determined, and α ₁ and α _{2 the} angles of the bearing determined by the first direction finder of the first and the second power line supports, a β ₁ and β ₂ are the bearing angles determined by the second direction finder of the first and second power line supports relative to the helicopter construction axis, determine the distance to the power line wires ah in the direction of the construction axis of the helicopter from the expression

where B is the distance between direction finders, µ is the angle between the power line and the construction axis of the helicopter, determined from the expression

Where

based on the value of the range, make a decision to adjust the direction of flight of the helicopter.

Figure 1 presents a diagram of additional constructions for the derivation of the formula for determining the distance to the power line, where:

CD - high voltage power line;

C is the location point of the first power line support;

D is the location point of the second power line support;

And - the location of the first direction finder;

In - the location of the second direction finder.

To explain the proposed method as a process of performing actions on a material object using material means and confirming the possibility of carrying out the claimed invention, figure 2 presents a functional diagram of a device for implementing a method for preventing collisions of a helicopter with high-voltage power lines, where:

1,2 - direction finders; 3 - calculator; 4 - indicator.

A device for preventing collisions of a helicopter with high-voltage power lines, contains in series the first 1 direction finder, calculator 3 and indicator 4, and the second input of the calculator 3 is connected to the output of the second 2 direction finder.

As the first 1 and second 2 direction finders, radar scanning direction finders can be used that emit and receive electromagnetic energy and issue a bearing of the detected object at the output.

The device operates as follows.

In Fig.1, at points C and D are the power line supports (power lines). The straight line passing through the indicated points is the wires of the power line.

The helicopter is at point O and flies in the direction of the OF line. From the drawing it can be seen that the segment OF is the distance of the wires of the power lines to the helicopter - D _{power lines} . Two direction finders (radar type, or optical-electronic) are located on a helicopter at points A and B. Direction finders are spaced relative to each other by a distance AB, which is indicated by the letter B.

Each of the direction finders scans the space, with the direction finder located at point A scans counterclockwise and the direction finder located at point B clockwise. Bearings of objects - α ₁ α ₂ , β ₁ β ₂ , measured by direction finders, are counted from the line passing through the direction finder, which is parallel to the construction axis of the helicopter.

The rule of signs for bearings is as follows. For a direction finder located at point A, a bearing is considered positive if its direction of reference coincides with a positive clockwise movement. In Fig. 1, the bearing of the power line support - D - α _{2 is} positive, the bearing of the support C - α _{1 is} negative. For a direction finder located at point B, a bearing is considered positive if its direction of reference coincides with the reverse clockwise movement.

When scanning the space with direction finders located at points A and B, bearings of power transmission line poles are measured. Bearings of the support C - α ₁ β ₁ and bearings D - α ₂ , β ₂ . In addition, base B is known - the distance between direction finders.

The distance to the wires of the power lines, according to figure 1, is determined as

Figure 1 shows that

Consider the determination of the coordinates of the support C (SM and MA).

Using the sine theorem, we obtain

Or

The segment CM = OK is determined taking into account the formula (3)

The value of the segment MA is determined

We obtain similar formulas for the support D

The angle µ determines the direction of the power lines with respect to the direction of flight of the helicopter.

The tangent of this angle, according to figure 1, is defined as

Or

Then the distance to the wires of the power lines will be determined by the formula

After the transformations we get

The distance value to the electric power transmission line is indicated by indicator 4 and serves to prevent helicopter collisions with high-voltage power lines.

Claims (1)

A method of preventing collisions of a helicopter with high-voltage power lines, which consists in receiving signals in the radio wave range, characterized in that the radiation and reception of signals are carried out by the first and second direction finders mounted on the helicopter and located along the front at a distance B from each other, each of direction finders scans the space in the direction of flight of the helicopter, the first direction finder scans counterclockwise, and the second - clockwise, determine gly bearing each of the two poles power lines each finder, wherein α ₁ and α ₂ - corners bearing define first direction finder of the first and second transmission tower, a β ₁ and β ₂ - corners of the bearing defining a second direction finder of the first and second transmission tower with respect to the construction the axis of the helicopter, determine the distance to the wires of the power line in the direction of the construction axis of the helicopter from the expression

where B is the distance between direction finders, µ is the angle between the power line and the construction axis of the helicopter, determined from the expression

Where

based on the value of the range, make a decision to adjust the direction of flight of the helicopter.

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