RU2403354C1 - Staircase - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: staircase comprises stair flights with certain number of steps separated by intermediate landings, and metal beams, onto which steps are laid across. Steps and intermediate landings are made of composite material and are coated from outside by polymer coating with mineral filler, intermediate landings have quadrangular shape, at the same time connection of steps and intermediate landings with beams is arranged through mechanical fixture, steps are joined to each other by means of various connection elements, and stair flights are connected to any of intermediate landings at any angle.

EFFECT: acceleration and reduction of construction and assembly cost, increased service life and reduced repair costs, arrangement of staircase with complex configuration in plan, including ramps for trolleys.

3 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the construction, in particular to the construction of stairs.

A useful analogue may be a staircase reinforced concrete block based on a.s. 1760046 from 07.19.89, including the upper and lower marches, platforms, support and racks.

The disadvantage of this design is the large mass, which requires the use of powerful supports, significant labor costs in the manufacture and installation. The design of the staircase reinforced concrete block does not allow to perform a staircase of complex configuration in plan. The design of this ladder does not provide for ramps for trolleys.

Known stairs based on patent 2144122 from 2000.01.10, containing flights of stairs with a certain number of steps, separated by intermediate areas, and metal beams, which are laid across the steps.

The disadvantage of this staircase is that the steps are made of wood, they are short-lived, require frequent restoration work, as well as a long installation time and a large number of fasteners that are subject to corrosion and require replacement during operation.

It is proposed to eliminate the technical shortcomings of the analogue and prototype, namely, to speed up and reduce the cost of construction and installation, increase the service life and reduce repair costs, perform staircases of complex configuration in plan, including with ramps for carts.

The technical problem is solved in that the staircase contains flights of stairs with a certain number of steps, separated by intermediate platforms, and metal beams, which are laid across the steps, steps and intermediate platforms are made of composite material and are coated externally with a polymer coating with mineral filler, the intermediate platforms are quadrangular the shape, while the connection of steps and intermediate platforms with beams is made by mechanical fasteners, and the connection of steps between themselves - with help Strongly different connecting elements.

Stair flights and intermediate platforms can be made with railings made of composite material.

On the flights of stairs ramps for trolleys made of composite material can be installed, separated from the walkway by an additional railing.

Stair flights are connected to any of the intermediate platforms at any angle.

The design of the stairs is shown in figure 1,

where 1 - metal beams,

2 - steps

3 - mechanical fasteners,

4 - transitional brackets,

5 - intermediate sites,

6 - polymer coating with mineral filler

The design of the railing is presented in figure 2,

where 7 are racks,

8 - longitudinal beams,

9 - handrail,

10 - rods

11 - fasteners.

The design of the ramps for trolleys is presented in figure 3,

where 12 are ramps

13 - additional railing.

The design of the mounting ramps to the steps is shown in figure 4,

where 14 are the brackets.

The design of the additional railing is presented in figure 5,

where 15 are racks,

16 - longitudinal beams,

17 - handrails,

18 - rods.

The staircase consists of metal beams 1, on which are laid across the step 2 of profiles of various shapes, for example a channel, a corner, a special profile of composite materials made by various technologies, for example by contact, vacuum infusion, spraying, RTM technology, pultrusion . The steps are connected to the beams with mechanical fasteners 3 through transition brackets 4, the steps go into the intermediate pads 5, a polymer coating with mineral filler 6 is applied to the steps and intermediate pads.

The railing is made of composite profiles and consists of racks 7, on which a set of longitudinal beams 8 and a handrail 9 are fastened. The enclosing lattice is composed of rods 10, which can be arranged both vertically and longitudinally. Racks are attached to the steps and intermediate platforms using fasteners 11.

The ramps for trolleys 12 are made in the form of a channel or a corner from composite materials, a polymer coating with a mineral filler is applied to the working surface. Ramps are separated from the flight of stairs with an additional railing 13.

Ramps are mounted on the steps through the brackets 14 using fasteners.

An additional railing is made of composite profiles and consists of racks 15, on which a set of longitudinal beams 16 and two different-level handrails 17 are fastened. The guard lattice is assembled from rods 18, which can be located either vertically or parallel to the railing. Racks are attached to the steps with fasteners.

A prototype was made in which the staircase is made of metal beams 1. They are laid across the stage 2 from composite materials, for example, made of fiberglass by pultrusion. The steps are connected to the beams by mechanical fasteners 3, for example, bolts, rivets, etc. To attach the steps to the beams, transitional brackets 4 are made of metal or composite materials with holes for fasteners. To ensure the collection and compensation of tolerances in the manufacture of beams and welding of brackets, the holes on the brackets are oval in mutually perpendicular planes. Steps 2 are interconnected by means of connecting elements: corners, stainless steel plates or composite materials. The shape of the steps is diverse: channel, corner, special profile. The steps are continued by intermediate pads 5 formed from various composite materials, for example, from fiberglass pultruded profiles. The connection of the intermediate sites with the beams is carried out by mechanical fasteners 3, for example, bolts, rivets, etc. To attach the intermediate pads to the beams, transition brackets 4 are made of metal or composite materials with holes for fasteners. To ensure the collection and compensation of tolerances in the manufacture of beams and welding of brackets, the holes on the brackets are oval in mutually perpendicular planes. The shape of the intermediate pads is a quadrangle. The length of the pads is any. Outside the steps and intermediate platforms are covered with a wear-resistant coating 6, consisting, for example, of a polymer matrix with a mineral filler.

The railing is made of composite, for example fiberglass, profiles and consists of racks 7 on which a set of horizontal beams 8 and a handrail 9 are fastened. The guard lattice is composed of rods 10, which can be arranged vertically, in which case the rods are attached to the longitudinal beams 8 ; and longitudinally, in this case, the rods 10 are attached to the racks 7. The racks are attached to the steps and intermediate platforms using fasteners 11.

Ramps for trolleys 12 are made in the form of a channel or a corner from composite materials, for example fiberglass profiles. A wear-resistant polymer coating with mineral filler is applied to the working surface. Ramps are separated from the flight of stairs with an additional railing 13.

Ramps are mounted on steps 2 through brackets 14 using fasteners 11.

An additional railing is made of composite, for example fiberglass, profiles and consists of racks 15, on which a set of longitudinal beams 16 and two different-level handrails 17 are attached. Racks are attached to the steps 2 by means of fasteners 11.

Ramps for trolleys can be installed parallel to the axis of the flight of stairs at any distance from it.

The staircase is made with the possibility of connecting flights of stairs from any of the intermediate platforms at any angle. The turn of the flight of stairs can begin both from the very top of the stairs, in which case the upper platform is rotary, as well as from any other intermediate platform. The staircase can be made: I-shaped, in this case the flights of stairs and intermediate platforms are located on the same axis; L-shaped, in this case one flight of stairs is connected at an angle to the intermediate platform; T-shaped, in this case at least two flights of stairs are connected at an angle to the intermediate platform. In the event that the angle of attachment of at least one flight of stairs to the intermediate platform is not equal to 90 degrees or 180 degrees, the intermediate platform has the shape of a trapezoid or an irregular quadrangle.

The proposed design has a small weight, so the construction and installation of such a staircase is more economical, including through the use of poles of lower mass and dimensions, machines and mechanisms of lower power, and a reduction in the construction and installation time. The staircase has a universal purpose and various options for execution. The use of composite materials increases the life of the stairs, reduces repair costs. The staircase construction is a walk-off device convenient for pedestrians for placement in difficult topographic conditions.

Claims (3)

1. A staircase containing staircases with a certain number of steps, separated by intermediate platforms, and metal beams that are laid across the steps, characterized in that the steps and intermediate platforms are made of composite material and are coated externally with a polymer coating with mineral filler, the intermediate platforms have a quadrangular shape, while the connection of steps and intermediate platforms with beams is made by mechanical fasteners, the connection of steps with each other - using different connecting elements, and staircases connected to any of the intermediate areas at any angle. 2. The staircase according to claim 1, characterized in that the flights of stairs and intermediate platforms have railings made of composite material. 3. The staircase according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that ramps for trolleys made of composite material are installed on the staircases, separated from the walkway by additional railings.

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