RU2401824C2 - Zelenit fertiliser - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to agriculture and specifically to plant fertiliser containing basic fertiliser elements (macroelements), nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, as well as microelements which are necessary for normal growth and development of plants. The fertiliser, which is based on a polymer matrix containing carboxylic acid fragments, contains 30-93 wt % fragments of unsaturated carboxylic acids selected from the following group of monomers: glutamic, methacrylic, acrylic, alginic, maleic, fumaric and lactic acid, 1.0-32.5 wt % N-vinylamide, and also contains 0.7-62.7 wt % salts containing macroelements selected from a group comprising nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and 0.01-0.1 wt % microelements - iron, copper, molybdenum, zinc, boron, manganese, cobalt and magnesium salts or sulphur.

EFFECT: use of polymer fertiliser Zelenit as top-dressing fertiliser enables creation of a rational system of mineral nutrition, sharply increases resistance of the productive phytocoenosis to unfavourable weather conditions, cuts the amount of mineral fertiliser used, improves the quality and yield and significantly increases profitability of agricultural production.

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Description

The present invention relates to the field of agriculture, namely, fertilizers for plant growing, containing the main nutrients (macroelements): nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, as well as trace elements necessary for the normal growth and development of plants.

The problem of providing plants of various origin with nutrients during the growing season is solved, as a rule, using organic and mineral fertilizers.

Organic fertilizers have an aftereffect for 2-3 years, contribute to the preservation of the humus layer, provide improved soil structure and improve the moisture-air regime. In particular, organic fertilizers are known that contain poultry or animal droppings processed by microbiological fermentation (RU, 2141932, 1999) or other waste utilization products of living organisms (RU, 2132320, 1999).

The disadvantage of such organic fertilizers is the imbalance, as well as the fact that they contain small doses of nutrients and therefore require high doses of their application in the soil and before application require disinfection from pathogenic microorganisms.

Mineral fertilizers, for example, fertilizer obtained by nitric acid processing of phosphate ores (EP 0039241, 1981), can provide high concentrations of nutrients with relatively low doses, but have a low utilization of nutrients (in open ground does not exceed 30-45%), which often with prolonged use causes environmental pollution, as well as salinization and / or acidification of the soil.

Organomineral fertilizers are known that have the advantages of both mineral and organic fertilizers. The organic part contributes to the accumulation (or preservation, compensation of losses) of humus, improves the soil structure, ensures the development of soil microorganisms, and the mineral component makes up for losses in nutrients and also contributes to soil structuring.

In particular, granular complex fertilizer is known obtained by mixing and granulating loam, expanded clay, kaolinite, phosphogypsum, aerosil with the addition of peat and natural zeolite as nitrogen and phosphorus sorbents in an amount of 3.0-3.5 wt.% (SU 1302646, 1985).

The disadvantages of the fertilizer obtained in this way are the complex component composition, low-tech production process, non-standardization of the composition. As a rule, these fertilizers are applied directly to the soil before sowing or at the same time. This technology of fertilizer application requires their use in significant quantities. Moreover, in addition to the high cost of top dressing and the lack of opportunities to purposefully influence the vegetation process at various stages, it leads to environmental pollution by fertilizer and often to deterioration of the quality of agricultural products caused by improper use of fertilizer.

It is known that plants are able to absorb nutrients not only the root system, but also the surface of the leaf. Processing the leaf surface of plants with aqueous solutions of macro- and micronutrient fertilizers improves the synthesizing activity of plants, creates favorable conditions for their growth and development, increases productivity by 15-18%, increases resistance to adverse environmental factors.

In case of foliar top dressing, the main factor determining the processing efficiency is the influence of weather conditions, as assimilation of nutrients applied to leaf plates and plant stems is a process that has been going on for quite some time. This process depends primarily on air humidity, the presence of rain moisture, wind load, other weather factors, as well as the specific features of the cultivated crop, in particular, the transpiration coefficient.

It is quite probable that, as a result of precipitation or strong wind, the fertilizer applied to the plant, separated from the aqueous solution and not fixed on the leaves, is easily washed off or crumbled, as a result of which the treatment is useless.

Currently, the industry produces formulations for foliar feeding of plants in the form of tablets, granules for both industrial and amateur crop production. A known composition for foliar top dressing, produced in the form of microelement tablets according to TU 113-08-645-90 grade P. This composition contains microelements in the form of boron salts, copper, molybdenum. When using this composition, it is necessary to dissolve the tablets in a large amount of water - 3-4 g (10 tablets) per 10 liters.

Also known composition for foliar feeding based on 100 l of water with a flow rate of 500-600 l per 1 ha, containing 75 g of boric acid, 50-100 g of manganese sulfate and 20 g of copper sulfate, zinc, cobalt, ammonium molybdate. However, the use of this composition is associated with a number of negative points, namely, for effective foliar top dressing, simultaneous top dressing with macro- and micronutrients is required, this requires the introduction of macronutrient salts in an aqueous micronutrient solution. To do this, all compounds used must be well soluble in water. However, salts of many macro- and microelements cannot be mixed in water, since in solution they can interact with the formation of insoluble compounds. And water-soluble compositions are relatively quickly washed off by atmospheric precipitation (RU 2106328, 1997).

As a rule, fertilizers of this type are used in the form of an aerosol or during drip irrigation. The composition of fertilizers for foliar fertilizing usually contains mineral components, and organic substances are introduced into their composition only as hot when receiving aerosols (RU 96104003, 1997; RU 2230720, 2004; RU 2181534, 2002). Thus, compositions for foliar top dressing are known, containing (wt.%) 1.8-3.6 ammonia, 0.6-1.2 copper oxide in the form of tetramine acetate, 0.7-1.4 acetic acid; or 0.334 ammonium nitrate; 0.614 potassium chloride; potassium nitrate; 0, 500 magnesium sulfate; 0.700 calcium phosphate; 0.500 calcium sulfate; 0.250 iron sulfate; the rest is water (Pryanishnikov D.N. Selected Works. Vol. 1. - M .: Kolos, 1965, p. 658; RU 2314279, 2008).

The disadvantages of such compositions for foliar feeding include low biological activity, the fragility of their contact with the plant.

The use of polymer compositions with film-forming properties in crop production allows the use of fertilizers to ensure the adhesion of them and trace elements to the surface of seeds, plants and soil particles.

Such compositions use various, as a rule, natural polymeric compounds, such as lignin-containing substances (technical and hydrolytic lignin, as well as lignosulfonates, which are obtained as waste from the pulp and paper industry, which makes them cheap and makes them attractive for use.

Thus, fertilizers based on technical lignin are known containing organic (US 5720792, 1998) and inorganic (JP 2002338382, 2002) additives. Known fertilizer, which along with lignin introduced cellulose and hemicellulose (RU 2222515 C1, 01/27/2004) or (CN 1421423, 2003), lignin is included along with nitrogen, phosphate, potassium and organic fertilizers. Known fertilizer based on hydrolytic lignin, which also includes wood ash (RU 2104259, 2002). Fertilizer based on lignosulfonates (RU 2034899, 1997) additionally contains polyacrylamide, urea, potassium chloride and water; or represents (SU 1617873, 1991) an aqueous solution of lignosulfonate with trace elements.

A common drawback of these fertilizers is their non-standardizability and lack of effectiveness when used as foliar fertilizers due to the rapid loss of efficiency under the influence of weather factors.

More standardized are fertilizers based on synthetic polymers. In particular, it is known fertilizer (RU 2267499, 2006), which is a polymer containing repeating polymer units derived from maleic acid or itaconic acid or their anhydrides, which is the closest in technical essence to the claimed invention. The polymers are used alone or in admixture with phosphate fertilizers or with trace elements. Fertilizer is applied directly to the soil in the vicinity of growing plants or applied directly to the seeds.

The disadvantage of fertilizer is the need for its use in significant quantities and, therefore, the high cost, lack of all necessary nutrients in its composition, and inefficiency when used as foliar top dressing.

The technical problem solved by the author was the creation of a complex fertilizer containing both macro- and microelements and preserving its effectiveness for a long time both with foliar top dressing and with traditional introduction to the soil.

The technical result was achieved using fertilizer, which is a polymer matrix consisting of 30-93 wt.% Of at least one unsaturated carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of glutamic, methacrylic, acrylic, alginic, maleic, fumaric, lactic acids, 1-32 , 5 wt.% N-vinyl amides, as well as containing 0.7-62.7 wt.% Salts containing macronutrients and 0.01-0.1 wt.% Trace elements introduced into the matrix during its synthesis.

The fertilizer contains up to 22 wt.% Nitrogen, up to 22 wt.% Phosphorus and up to 20 wt.% Potassium as a macroelement; it contains salts of iron, copper, molybdenum, zinc, boron, manganese, cobalt, magnesium or sulfur as trace elements.

Due to the peculiarities of its structure, the claimed fertilizers fundamentally differ in properties from aqueous solutions of salts, which until now have been used for foliar top dressing. A feature of the new type of fertilizers, which received the code name Zelenite, is that the significant amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contained in the new fertilizers are not aqueous solutions of mineral salts, but are in the form of organomineral complexes attached to a polymer matrix. In this case, the organic polymer, which is the basis of fertilizers, has surface-active and adhesive properties with respect to the surface of the leaf plate, shoot and stem and is able to deposit, and then to supply the vegetative plant with nutrients for a long time. One of the most significant properties of new polymer fertilizers that distinguish them from others is their resistance to various weather factors, which in many cases will be decisive when growing crops in adverse weather conditions. They are not afraid of freezing, allow the use of water of any hardness, and most importantly, they are resistant to precipitation and wind erosion, i.e. they are not washed off by water and are not blown away by the wind, and are also resistant to insolation.

Fertilizers "Zelenite" have a strictly constant chemical composition, which compares them favorably with many humic and other drugs, which allows us to predict the results of their use quite reliably. In particular, they possess the following important agrotechnical features: they allow fertilizing to be carried out efficiently regardless of the acidity and composition of the soil, and provide a soft, prolonged action.

Certain types of fertilizers can be mixed with each other in any proportions and can be used to prepare tank mixtures based on them, which allows you to selectively select the composition of non-root top dressings for solving various practical problems.

Fertilizer "Zelenit" can be used along with foliar top dressing also for pre-sowing and advance treatment of seeds, as well as by applying them to the soil.

The essence of the claimed invention is illustrated by the following examples. Example 1. In a reactor with a capacity of 0.6 m ^3, 186 kg of a 56% solution of potassium maleate, 5.2 kg of a 38% aqueous solution of N-vinyl amide were poured, 2.92 pentoerythritol allyl ether was poured, and a cross-linking agent, 2.6 kg of potassium dioxide, was added. . The resulting mixture with stirring was heated to a temperature of 93 ° C, and then after holding the mixture for 2 hours, a previously prepared solution of 20.0 kg of a 13% solution of urea in diethanolaminoacetate, 0.05 kg of a commercial set of micronutrient salts was added (the following micronutrient salts are included in the kit (wt.%): iron sulfate - 13.5; copper sulfate - 18.2; sodium molybdate - 0.35; zinc nitrate - 1.9; boron - 3.6; potassium permanganate 16.6; cobalt chloride - 1 , 3; magnesium sulfate - 22.2; total sulfates - 23.7), containing 13.2 liters of a 15% aqueous solution of hydroper hydrogen oxide, after which the mixture was heated to 80 ° C for 6 hours. After completion of the reaction, add water to a total volume of 500 liters. The resulting composition contained 64.1 wt.% Residues of carboxylic acids, 1.9 wt.% N-vinylamide, 0.7 wt.% Salts containing macronutrients (most of the macronutrients are associated with carboxylic acids). 0.05 wt.% Trace elements (0.005% iron salts, 0.006% copper salts, 0.0003 molybdenum - 0.35; zinc -1.9; boron - 3.6; manganese 16.6; cobalt - 1.3; magnesium - 22, 2; sulfur - 23.7 molybdenum - 0.35; zinc - 1.9; boron - 3.6; manganese 16.6; cobalt - 1.3; magnesium - 22.2; sulfur - 23.7. in the composition - 1.2 wt.% nitrogen, 32.75 wt.% potassium ions.

Example 2. In a reactor with a capacity of 0.6 m ^3, 186 kg of a 56% solution of potassium acrylate, 8.7 kg of a 38% aqueous solution of N-vinylamide and 52 kg of a 33% solution of sodium methacrylate were poured, 2.92 pentaerythritol allyl ether was poured, and 2 6 kg potassium dioxisebacinate. The resulting mixture with stirring was heated to a temperature of 93 ° C and 162 kg of potassium phosphate, 17.5 kg of potassium nitrate, 15.3 kg of ammonium lactate, 18.4 liters of 10% thiourea solution, 0.25 kg of the trace element set in Example 1 were added. 12.0 liters of a 15% aqueous solution of hydrogen hydroperoxide. The resulting mixture was heated to a temperature of 98 ° C, triethanolamine acetate was added, held for 2 hours, after which we brought the total volume to 500 liters. After cooling, the finished product - "Zelenit-2" was packaged. The resulting composition contained 36.3 wt.% Residues of carboxylic acids, 1.0 wt.% N-vinylamide, 62.7 wt.% Salts containing macronutrients (some of the macronutrients are included in the composition of organic acids). The content of macronutrients in the composition is 2.6 wt.% Nitrogen, 12.6 wt.% Phosphorus, 19.5 wt.% Potassium ions; 0.1 wt.% Trace elements.

Example 3. 98.4 kg of a 38% aqueous solution of N-vinylamide, 76 kg of a 34% solution of sodium methacrylate, 67 kg of a 25% solution of potassium fumarate and 80 kg of 40% ammonium phosphate were poured into a reactor with a capacity of 0.6 m ³ . The mixture was heated to 75 ° C, then 20 kg of a 10% solution of ammonium persulfate, 0.05 kg of the microelement set in Example 1 were gradually added, the mixture was heated to 82 ° C, after which 1.3 kg of sodium dioxisebacinate was added and stirred at 92 ° C within 3 hours. Then the total volume was brought up to 500 liters, cooled and the finished product - Zelenit-3 was packaged. The final product contained 30.0 wt.% Residues of carboxylic acids, 32.5.0 wt.% N-vinylamide, 37.5 wt.% Salts containing macronutrients and 0.04 wt.% Salts containing micronutrients. The content of macronutrients in the composition: 15.8 wt.% Nitrogen, 9.7 wt.% Phosphorus, 9.7 wt.% Potassium ions ;.

Example 4. 68.4 kg of a 38% aqueous solution of n-vinylamide and 80.8 kg of a 46% aqueous solution of lactic acid were poured into a reactor with a capacity of 0.6 m ³ , 126 liters of water were added and 18.3 kg of glutamic acid were poured into the reactor then fill in 90.1 kg of a 17% solution of potassium acrylate and add 5.6 kg of a 10% solution of ammonium persulfate, 0.005 kg of a set of trace elements (the set contains salts of the following trace elements (wt.%): iron - 13.5; copper - 18.2; molybdenum - 0.35; zinc - 1.9; boron - 3.6; manganese 16.6; cobalt - 1.3; magnesium - 22.2; sulfur - 23.7) and 16 kg of phosphate potassium. The mixture was heated to 86 ° C, then 1.8 kg of potassium dihydroxysebacinate and 3.8 kg of 10% thiourea solution were gradually added, then stirred at 92.8 ° C for 2 hours, the total volume was adjusted to 500 liters and cooled. The final product contained 77.0 wt.% Residues of carboxylic acids, 20.8.0 wt.% N-vinylamide, 2.16 wt.% Salts containing macronutrients and 0.04 wt.% Salts containing micronutrients. The content of macronutrients in the composition is 0.14 wt.% Nitrogen, 0.28 wt.% Sulfur, 1.7 wt.% Potassium ions.

Example 5. In a reactor with a capacity of 0.6 m ^3, 118.3 kg of a 30% aqueous solution of potassium alginate were poured, 16.7 kg of a 15% aqueous solution of n-vinylamide and 24.3 kg of ammonium acrylate were added. The resulting mixture was heated to 82 ° C and 2.3 kg of a 10% solution of ammonium persulfate, 0.05 kg of a set of trace elements were added (the composition of the set includes salts of the following trace elements (wt.%): Iron - 13.5; copper - 18.2 ; molybdenum - 0.35; zinc - 1.9; boron - 3.6; manganese 16.6; cobalt - 1.3; magnesium - 22.2; sulfur - 23.7), 2.6 kg of a 10% solution thiourea, and then kept at 95 ° C for 3 hours. After that, the total volume was brought up to 500 liters, cooled and the finished product - Zelenit-5 was packaged. The final product contained 84.9 wt.% Residues of carboxylic acids, 4.0 wt.% N-vinylamide, 11.0 wt.% Mineral salts containing macronutrients and 0.1 wt.% Salts containing micronutrients. The content of macronutrients in the composition of 0.12 wt.% Nitrogen, 0.3 wt.% Sulfur, 10.6 wt.% Potassium ions; 0.1 wt.% Trace elements.

Example 6. In a reactor with a capacity of 0.6 m ^3, 348.0 kg of a 50% aqueous solution of ammonium alginate was poured, 83.9 kg of a 15% aqueous solution of n-vinylamide and 24.3 kg of ammonium acrylate were added. The resulting mixture was heated to 82 ° C and 2.3 kg of a 10% solution of ammonium persulfate, 0.02 kg of a set of trace elements in Example 1, 14.0 kg of a 10% solution of thiourea were added, and then kept at 95 ° C for 3 hours. After that, the total volume was brought up to 500 liters, cooled and the finished product - Zelenit-6 was packaged. The final product contained 93.0 wt.% Carboxylic acid residues, 5.3 wt.% N-vinylamide, 1.699 wt.% Salts containing macronutrients, and 0.04 wt.% Salts containing micronutrients. The content of macronutrients in the composition is 0.7 wt.% Nitrogen (including bound nitrogen).

Example 7. To assess the preservation of the effectiveness of fertilizers under the influence of natural conditions during foliar feeding, experiments were conducted to determine the residual amount of nutrients on the leaf plates of plants after foliar feeding and subsequent exposure to rain moisture. For testing, durum wheat was taken at the age of 30 days on an area of 1 m ² each plot. Wheat sprouts were processed according to the usual technology by drip irrigation with solutions of urea (5%), potassium pyrophosphate (1%), Zelenit-1 (5%) and Zelenit-2 (1%). After holding for 2 hours, which was enough to completely remove moisture from the surface of the leaves, drip irrigation with water was carried out in an amount of 10 mm. After that, the determination of the residual amount of nitrogen, potassium and phosphorus was carried out. For the quantitative determination of nutrients, the green mass of wheat shoots was cut off, ashed, after which nitrogen was determined by the Kjeldahl method, and potassium was spectrophotometrically in a solution of tetraphenylborate in a mixture with acetonitrile at a wavelength of λ 266 or 274 mmk. The determination of phosphates was carried out colorimetrically using a phosphorus-vanadium molybdate complex at a wavelength of λ, 315 mmk. The determination results are presented in Table 1.

Table 1 The effect of treatment of vegetative plants with polymer fertilizers on the gathering of nutrients after irrigation The composition for processing The residual amount of batteries in% of the original First treatment Second treatment N TO R N TO R Potassium pyrophosphate - 7.8 - - - - Urea 16.3 - - 3,7 Zelenit-1 89.9 - - 71,4 - - Zelenit-2 - 61.0 59.4 - 41,4 51,2 Zelenit-1 + 3lenit-2 74,2 39.1 74.8 76.3 49.1 76,4

As follows from the data of Table 1, the presence of irrigation moisture determines the nutrient loss in the case of using conventional preparations for foliar top dressing. Even after the first wet treatment, almost all urea and pyrophosphate were washed off with water, after the second wet treatment, our methods could not determine any significant quantities. At the same time, the bulk of Zelenit fertilizers remained on the plants and, under natural conditions, would be capable of assimilation.

Example 8. To confirm the effectiveness of the use of Zelenit fertilizers, we conducted experiments on potato varieties ("Elite") in economic seed production using foliar top dressing with liquid polymer fertilizers in the humid climate of northwest Russia. The purpose of the experiments was to determine the effect of foliar top dressing on potato yields.

The treatments were carried out on a natural (low) background of mineral nutrition in a 3-fold sequence in accordance with the Frolov method. Control plots were not treated with foliar top dressing. The results are shown in table 2. As follows from the above data, when treated with nitrogen-containing liquid fertilizers, the biological productivity coefficient against a minimum mineral background increased by almost 10 times compared with the control.

table 2 The value of the coefficient of biological productivity To _b after processing potatoes with liquid nitrogen polymer fertilizers K _b The control Fertilizer Green 1 Zelenit2 Green 3 Green 4 Zelenit5 Green 6 0,03 0.21 0.18 0.12 0.27 0.16 0.08

Moreover, the total change in biomass in the case of foliar application of Zelenit in all cases was very significant (Table 3).

Table 3 The effect of foliar top dressing with polymer fertilizers "Zelenite" on a minimal (natural) background Option Tubers, kg / bush Tops, kg / bush Biomass, kg / bush Tuber biomass increase in comparison with the control,% The control 0.73 0.69 1.42 - Green 1 1.22 0.80 2.02 67 The control 1,07 1.34 2.43 - Green 2 1.80 1.24 3.04 68 The control 1.00 1,02 2.02 - Green 3 1,54 1.20 2.74 54 The control 1,11 1.12 2.23 - Green 4 1,56 1.44 3.00 41 The control 1,03 1.14 2.17 - Green 5 1,52 1,64 3.16 45 The control 1,08 1.21 2,33 - Green 6 1.32 1.34 2.86 22

Example 9. Pilot tests of fertilizers "Zelenite-1" containing nitrogen, and "Zelenite-2" containing phosphorus and potassium were carried out at various doses of NPK applied to the soil on spring wheat.

Field trials of Zelenit-1 and Zelenit-2 at various doses of NPK applied to the soil when sowing on spring wheat (cultivar Leningradskaya-89, elite) were carried out in the production sowing of the North-Western region (Leningrad region) according to the following scheme :

1. N ₄₈ P ₆₀ K ₆₀ (full dose NPK control)

2. N ₂₄ P ₃₀ K ₃₀ (1/2 of the full dose of NPK) + 5 l / ha Zelenit-1

3. N ₄₈ P ₆₀ K ₆₀ (full dose NPK) + 5 l / ha Zelenit-1

4. N ₂₄ P ₃₀ K ₃₀ (1/2 of the full dose of NPK) + 5 l / ha Zelenit-2

5. N ₄₈ P ₆₀ K ₆₀ (full dose NPK) + 5 l / ha Zelenit-2

Mineral fertilizers (universal ammophoska) were applied together with spring wheat sowing. The fertilizer Zelenit-1, Zelenit-2 was tested by applying foliar top dressing twice: in the tillering phase and in the phase of exit to the tube.

Spring wheat was sown in the experimental plots in the month of May 2008, with a sowing rate of 260 kg / ha. Harvesting in the experimental plots was carried out in the month of August from the registration sites of the plots manually. The results are shown in table 4.

Table 4 The effect of the fertilizer "Zelenite-1" and "Zelenite-2" with different NPK on the yield of spring wheat, kg / ha (with a base moisture content of 14%) Option Average Increase to Repetition value control one 2 3 c / ha c / ha % 1. N ₄₈ P ₆₀ K ₆₀ (full dose NPK control) 40,4 42.3 39.8 40.8 0 0 2. N ₂₄ P ₃₀ K ₃₀ (1/2 of the full dose of NPK) + 5 l / ha Zelenit-1 41.3 47.9 47.9 45.7 4.9 12 3. N ₄₈ P ₆₀ K ₆₀ (full dose NPK) + 5 l / ha Zelenit-1 49.7 48.8 47.1 48.5 7.2 twenty 4. N ₂₄ P ₃₀ K ₃₀ (1/2 of the full dose of NPK) + 5 l / ha Zelenit-2 40,2 41.7 41.3 41.0 0.2 0.4 5. N ₄₈ P ₆₀ K ₆₀ (full dose NPK) + 5 l / ha Zelenit-2 44.0 45,2 43.0 44.0 3.0 7

As follows from the obtained experimental data, the use of Zelenit-1 and Zelenit-2 fertilizers yielded a reliable yield increase in option N ₂₄ P ₃₀ K ₃₀ (1/2 of the full NPK dose) + 5 l / ha Zelenit-1 "Compared with the control option by 12%, N ₄₈ P ₆₀ K ₆₀ (full dose NPK) + 5 l / ha" Zelenite-1 "- by 20%. When using Zelenit-2 at N ₂₄ P ₃₀ K ₃₀ (1/2 of the full dose of NPK) + 5 l / ha, Zelenit-2 added 0.4%, and at N ₄₈ P ₆₀ K ₆₀ (full dose NPK) + 5 l / ha Zelenit-2 - 7%.

These data suggest that, although at a half dose of NPK applied to the soil, the increase is not very large, however, non-root top dressing with fertilizers saves mineral fertilizers, because a 2-fold decrease in the amount of NPK from the full dose does not lead to a decrease in yield compared to the control.

Example 10. The impact of a mixture of fertilizers "Zelenite-1" and "Zelenite-4" in a mass ratio of 2: 1 on vegetables was carried out during the growing season of 2008 in the North-West region of Russia (Leningrad region) on lettuce and vegetable beans.

Field plot experiments were performed according to the following scheme:

1. Control (non-fertilized background), without foliar treatment with fertilizers

2. Full dose NPK + fertilizer treatment 3 l / ha

3. _^1/2 of total dose NPK + triple treatment fertilizers 3 l / ha

The experimental results are presented in tables 5 and 6.

Table 5 The effect of different nutritional backgrounds on salad productivity Experience option The average wet weight of the whole plant, g The average dry weight of the whole plant, g The average wet weight of the aerial parts of the plant, g The average dry weight of the aerial parts of the plant, g one. 46.9 4.3 41.3 3.6 2. 71.7 5.1 65.9 4,5 3. 78.9 6.0 72.1 5.1

Table 6 The effect of different food backgrounds on the productivity of vegetable beans Experience option The average mass of beans per 1 plant The average mass of the plant without beans The average number of beans per plant one. 25.9 22.6 9.1 2. 39.7 40,4 12.6 3. 44,4 45.3 15.6

During the growing season, plants were cared for and monitored. No significant effect of different nutritional backgrounds on the phenophase onset was revealed. No manifestation of necrosis on the organs of plants, deformities, etc., was noted. The increase in productivity on vegetable beans was 11% to the variant with a full dose of NPK, the increase in the yield of salable products on lettuce was 10.9% (wet weight of the aerial part of the plant) to the variant with a full dose of NPK.

From the data presented it follows that the use of Zelenit polymer fertilizers as a means for foliar top dressing allows solving a number of problems facing the agricultural producer: create rational mineral nutrition systems, sharply increase the resistance of productive phytocenosis to adverse weather conditions, sharply reduce the amount of mineral fertilizers used, increase the quality and quantity of the crop and, therefore, significantly increase the profitability of agricultural production .

Claims (1)

Fertilizer based on a polymer matrix containing carboxylic acid fragments, characterized in that it contains 30-93 wt.% Fragments of unsaturated carboxylic acids selected from the following group of monomers: glutamic, methacrylic, acrylic, alginic, maleic, fumaric, lactic acids, 1 , 0-32.5 wt.% N-vinylamide, and also contains 0.7-62.7 wt.% Salts containing macronutrients selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and 0.01-0 , 1 wt.% Trace elements - salts of iron, copper, molybdenum, zinc, boron, manganese, cobalt, magnesium or se RU.