RU2399177C1 - Tillage implement - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: instrument contains a frame with installed racks. Each rack has a shoe with a plated chisel and a pair of cropping paddles fixed to the rack with a pair of screw-bolts. Plugs with eccentric displacement are inserted into one of mounting holes of a pair of cropping paddles. The size of the eccentric is determined by the possibility of installing the paddles to the minimum and maximum angle of crumbling at their opposite of turn. A pair of cropping paddles has an opportunity to move discretely along the height alongside the rack through the corresponding holes. The instrument provides for the possibility of a joint mounting of a pair cropping paddles and a breast over them.

EFFECT: invention enables to reduce the tractive resistance, metal and energy costs, improve operational and technological performance and functionality of adaptation of the instrument to the specific soil and climatic conditions.

3 cl, 12 dwg

Description

The invention relates to implements for the main (autumn) tillage and can be used in agriculture.

A known chisel plow containing a frame with racks mounted on it, each of which has a shoe with an overhead chisel (catalog of agricultural equipment. - Volume 1. - M .: Informationgrotech. 1991. - P.140, R 21.24).

The technical drawback of such plows: with a shallow depth of cultivation, subsoil ridges can reach the surface; the inability to control the amount of continuous loosening without changing the depth; lack of cutting of weed vegetation.

The closest device to the declared tillage implement is an implement containing a frame with racks mounted on it, each of which has a shoe with a laid-out chisel and a pair of cutting wings fixed on the rack (“Subsoiler - shelizer - plane-cutter GS-4M, description of machines of GKZ OJSC ", Www.kultivator.ru).

The technical disadvantages of tools with these working bodies are

the limited implementation of a number of types of deep cultivation technologies, the low quality of subsurface tillage and the inability to adapt to specific agrolandscape conditions, which limits the functionality of the implement.

Technical task: providing the ability to adapt the gun to specific conditions by changing the height position along the rack and the angle of crumbling of the cutting wings; decrease in traction resistance due to the possibility of regulating the required quality of crumbling soil.

Effect: increase operational and technological indicators and functionality while reducing metal consumption and energy consumption.

According to the invention, the tillage implement comprises a frame with racks mounted on it, each of which has a shoe with an overhead chisel and a pair of cutting wings attached to the rack by a pair of bolts. Hubs having an eccentric displacement are inserted into one of the mounting holes of the pair of paws, the eccentric value being determined by the possibility of installing the wings at the minimum and maximum angle of tearing at their opposite turn, while the pair of cutting wings has the possibility of discrete movement along the strut along the corresponding holes, and also the joint installation of a pair of cutting wings with a blade through spacers above them.

Figure 1 shows a tillage implement in the configuration of the rack with a shoe, a wide chisel and a pair of cutting wings at different mounting angles, side view; figure 2 is the same, plan view; figure 3 is a tool of the same configuration with multilevel fastening of a pair of cutting wings, side view; figure 4 is the same, plan view; figure 5 is a tool in the configuration of the rack with a shoe, a wide chisel, a pair of cutting wings in the lower position and the blade above them, side view; figure 6 is the same, plan view; Fig.7 is a tool in the configuration of the rack with a shoe, a narrow chisel and a pair of cutting wings, side view; Fig.8 is the same plan view; Figures 9-12 are diagrams of the interaction of various implement options with soil (in the frontal plane, in section).

The tillage implement (Figs. 1-8) comprises a frame 1 on which racks 2 are mounted, each of which has a shoe 3 with a patch bit 4 and a pair of trimming wings 5, attached to the strut 2 with a pair of bolts. In the upper mounting hole of the pair of cutting wings 5, bushings 6 having an eccentric displacement are inserted, the eccentric value setting the possibility of installing the wings at the minimum and maximum angle of crumbling with the opposite rotation of the sleeve (Figs. 1, 2). In this case, a pair of cutting wings 5 has the ability to discrete movement in height along the rack 2 along the corresponding holes 7 (Fig.3, 4). Each rack is located in the longitudinal plane, and the shoe is horizontal and have the same width (B = 30 mm), and the bit width is greater (B = 60 mm) or equal to the width of the rack and shoe and can be used as an independent working body as a chisel subsoiler or a slotting machine.

On the rack 2 can simultaneously be mounted blade 8 in the upper position and a pair of cutting wings 5 below it (Fig.5, 6). In the embodiment (Figs. 7, 8), the strut 2 is mounted with a shoe 3, a narrow chisel 10 and a pair of trimming wings 5.

Tillage tool works as follows.

The depth of operation of the implement by means of a rack 2 with a horizontal shoe 3 located in the longitudinal plane and a chisel 4 (10) can be up to 45 cm. With the said depth of chiseling, the distance between the racks in the front (transverse) plane is 35-40 cm (Figs. 9-12 ), depending on the design of the frame. The formation of subsurface ridges reaches a height of 15-20 cm and, at a shallow depth of chiseling, the ridges exit to the day surface or an insufficient size of the continuous loosening zone forms, which affects the quality of a number of subsequent technological operations. In this regard, a pair of wings installed at a given depth provides the required continuous loosening zone, complete cutting of weed vegetation and crop residues, and with a change in the angle of crushing of the wings, they increase the quality of crumbling.

Fig.9. When a pair of wings is mounted on racks with a shoe and a wide chisel in a higher height position at a minimum crushing angle, the soil loosens to a predetermined depth and the weeds and crop residues are cut, and when the crushing angle is changed to the maximum, additional crumbling of the surface regulated soil layer occurs.

Figure 10. When installing a pair of cutting wings on racks with a shoe and a wide chisel in the lower position, the soil is loosened to a predetermined depth and the resulting intrasoil ridges are cut.

11. When a pair of cutting wings is set to the lower position, while the blade is placed by putting it in the upper position on a rack with a shoe and a wide chisel, the soil loosens from the chisel to a predetermined depth, the intra-soil crests are cut and the formation is rotated with plant and crop residues embedded.

Fig. 12. When installing a pair of cutting wings on racks with a shoe and a narrow chisel, the soil is snapped to a predetermined depth and completely loosened, with the possibility of regulating the quality of the crumbling of the soil and cutting of weed vegetation and crop residues.

Such a constructive implementation of a tillage implement allows to drastically reduce traction resistance, metal consumption and energy consumption, increase operational and technological indicators and functionality of adaptation of the implement to specific soil and climatic conditions.

Claims (3)

1. A tillage implement comprising a frame with struts mounted on it, each of which has a shoe with a patch bit and a pair of cutting wings attached to the rack by a pair of bolts, characterized in that bushings having eccentric displacement are inserted into one of the mounting holes of the pair of cutting wings moreover, the magnitude of the eccentric is determined by the ability to install the wings at the minimum and maximum angle of crumbling at their opposite turn. 2. Tillage tool according to claim 1, characterized in that a pair of cutting wings has the ability to discrete movement in height along the rack along the corresponding holes. 3. The tillage implement according to claim 1, characterized in that it is possible to jointly install a pair of cutting wings with a blade above them.

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