RU2397639C1 - Method for extraction of bee-bread from honeycomb - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular to bee keeping and may be used in technology of bee-bread production. Proposed method of bee-bread extraction consists in the following. Bee-bread in honeycomb are convectively dried in oscillating mode, using closed flow of coolant. Then wax base of bee-bread honeycomb is separated from framework, cooled, and pieces of honeycomb are ground down to wax particles and bee-bread granules in total mass. Then cocoons are damaged on bee-bread granules by contact interaction of granules between each other in ground wax-bee-bread mass, and bee-bread is extracted from wax-bee-bread mass by means of pneumatic separation. Remaining large wax particles are separated under action of vibration and are removed manually.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to produce bee-bread in the form of solid granules free of cocoons, at the same time contamination of bee-bread with wax particles does not exceed 1%, and also saves energy, which is used to dry bee-bread in honeycomb.

1 ex

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to beekeeping, and can be used in the technology of obtaining bee bread.

A known method of extracting bee bread, including convective drying of bee bread in honeycombs, separating pieces of honey from the frames, cooling, grinding, destroying cocoons on the beads of the bees in the resulting wax mass and separating the bees from wax particles by means of pneumatic separation [1].

The disadvantages of this method are the high energy intensity of drying the bee bread in the comb, since the drying is carried out with heated atmospheric air, which is released into the atmosphere after a single contact with the product, the inability to separate large wax particles from the pergolum granules obtained by pneumoseparation and the regrinding of a significant part of the bean granules when passing them through rollers in order to destroy cocoons.

A known method of extracting bee bread from honeycombs, including convectively drying the bee bread in honeycombs in an oscillating mode, separating the mass of honeycombs from the frames, cooling and grinding pieces of honeycombs to form pellets of beers and wax particles in the total mass, breaking cocoons on beads granules and dividing wax powder into bees and wax raw materials by pneumatic separation [2].

The disadvantages of this method are the impossibility of separating large wax particles from the pellet pellets by pneumoseparation and overgrinding of the bee bread when passing it through the rollers in order to destroy cocoons, as well as the irrational use of thermal energy during oscillatory drying.

The objective of the invention is the need to increase the yield of whole pepper beads, freed from cocoons, reduce the clogging of the bees with large wax particles, as well as to reduce the loss of thermal energy during drying of bees in honeycombs.

The technical result from the use of the invention is to simplify the process of removing large wax particles from the mass of pergola granules and to use the energy-saving drying mode of the pergi in the comb.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a method comprising convective drying of the bee bread in honeycombs in an oscillating mode, separating the wax base of the bee honeycombs from the frames, cooling and grinding pieces of the honeycombs to wax particles and bead granules in a total mass, breaking cocoons on the bean granules and extracting the beers from wax wax mass by means of pneumatic separation, drying of the bee bread in honeycombs in an oscillating mode is carried out by a closed coolant flow, cocoons on the bead granules are destroyed by contact interaction of the beads with each other in zmelchennoy voskopergovoy weight, and from the separated wax by pollen particles by pneumoseparation remaining large wax particles isolated by vibration and removed manually.

A distinctive feature of the claimed method is the mode of convective drying of bee bread in honeycombs, combining the oscillating drying mode and drying with a closed coolant flow. Oscillating drying of bee bread in honeycombs in the mode presented below consists in alternately heating and cooling the product with a coolant, as a result of which the movement of moisture inside it is accelerated and its evaporation is accelerated due to this. The energy consumption in the oscillatory drying mode in comparison with convective drying of the bee bread in the comb is reduced by 15–20% [3]. The use of a closed coolant flow during traditional convective drying, periodically replaced with an increase in its moisture content to 75-80%, reduces energy costs by 60–65% [4]. The combination of two drying modes leads to more significant savings in thermal energy. In addition, it is distinguishing that the cleaning of pergola granules from cocoons is carried out by the interaction of granules with each other. With this method of cleaning, the mechanical effect on the pellet pellets from the side of the working bodies of the cleaning machines is significantly reduced, which significantly reduces the number of regrind granules, and, as a result, reduces the loss of pollen during subsequent operations of its extraction. Distinctive is also the separation of the so-called "large" wax particles from the bee bread. Extracted by pneumo-separation from the crushed wax wax mass of the bee bread contains unseparated “large” wax particles in an amount of 5–7% [5, 6]. "Large" wax particles are wax flakes formed from waxes with intact cells of honeycomb thickness 2.5 ÷ 3.5 mm and an area of 80 ÷ 150 mm ² . It is impossible to separate particles of this size from the crushed wax wax mass by means of pneumoseparation, since the speed of their soaring is equal to the speed of soaring of the pellet granules and is 7 ÷ 8.5 m / s. Traditionally, the separation of such particles is carried out manually [5, 6]. The proposed method for separating "large" wax particles from the bee bread is to vibrate the layer of granules, under which the wax particles come to the surface of the bean layer, which simplifies their manual separation.

An example of a method of extracting beef from honeycombs.

Dried from honey residues, the honeycomb is subjected to convective drying by a closed flow of coolant (air) in an oscillating mode. For this, the honeycomb with the bee bread is placed in the working chamber of the drying unit and dried with a closed air stream, heated to a temperature of 50 ÷ 55 ° С, while controlling the bearer temperature. When the pergi in the cell reaches a temperature of 42 ° C, the heat supply to the coolant automatically stops and the product, along with the coolant, begins to cool. When the temperature of the bee bread is reduced to 36 ÷ 37 ° С, the heat supply to the heat carrier resumes, heating it to the previous temperature values. Periodically, when the coolant reaches a moisture content of 75 ÷ 80%, it is replaced with fresh atmospheric air. Drying in this mode is carried out until the humidity of the bee bread reaches 13 ÷ 14% [7]. After drying, the cells are removed from the drying unit and left in the room for 3 ÷ 4 hours at room temperature 10 ÷ 20 ° C. From the cooled honeycomb, the wax base is separated and the formed pieces are placed in a refrigeration unit where they are kept for 1.5 ÷ 2 hours at a temperature of 5 ÷ -7 ° С. The cooled product is crushed on a pin-type grinder to form a mass consisting of bead granules and wax particles [8]. The resulting mass is loaded into a rotary vane mixer and mixed for 2 ÷ 3 minutes throughout the volume of the product. In the process of mixing, the granules interact with each other, while the cocoons in which they are enclosed, are destroyed and exfoliate. After the destruction of the cocoons, the wax-percussion mass is subjected to pneumatic separation at an air flow rate of 7 ÷ 8 m / s.

To separate the large wax particles remaining in the mass of beads, the product is placed on a baking sheet with a layer of 20–30 mm and subjected to vibration with a frequency of 50–100 Hz for 15–20 seconds, while the wax particles come to the surface of the bean layer and are removed manually way. The cleaned bee bread is packaged in a sealed container, where it can be stored without access to light and air for 6 months at room temperature without a noticeable change in biologically active properties.

The claimed method allows to obtain bee bread in the form of whole granules freed from cocoons, while the weed infestation with wax particles does not exceed 1%. The drying of the bee bread in the cell in an oscillating mode, carried out by a closed flow of coolant, reduces the energy intensity of the process in comparison with traditional convective drying by 70 ÷ 75%.

Information sources

1. Auth. St. No.1386129, Cl. A01K 59/00, 1987,

2. Patent for invention No. 2185726, Cl. A01K 59/00, 2002,

3. Bronnikov V.I. et al. Oscillating drying regime of pepper honeycombs and an apparatus for its investigation. Improving the means of mechanization and mobile energy in agriculture: Sat. scientific tr 11th Scientific and Practical Conference of Universities of the Volga Region and the South Non-Chernozem Zone of the Russian Federation. - Ryazan, 2000 .-- S.321-322.

4. Kashirin D.E., Kharitonova M.N. Drying the beef in honeycombs. Materials of the 13th All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference “Advances in Apitherapy” - Rybnoe, 2008. - P.183-186.

5. Bronnikov V.I. et al. Modes of pneumatic separation of ground mass of honeycomb honeycombs. Sat scientific tr Improving agricultural machinery used in animal husbandry. - Gorky, 1990. - S.9-13.

6. Kashirin D.E. et al., Study of the process of pneumoseparation of pepper cocoons. The collection of materials of the scientific and practical conference of the Ryazan State Agricultural Academy. Energy-saving technologies for the use and repair of the machine and tractor fleet. Ryazan 2004 .-- S.153-157.

7. Patent for invention No. 2275563. IPC ⁷ , F26B 3/04; F26B 21/04, 2004.

8. Patent for utility model No. 50434. Cl. ⁷ В02С 13/02, 2004

Claims (1)

A method of extracting bee bread from honeycombs, including convectively drying the bee bread in honeycombs in an oscillating mode, separating the wax base of the bee honeycombs from the frames, cooling and grinding pieces of honeycombs to wax particles and bead granules in the total mass, breaking cocoons on bead granules and extracting bean from wax wax by means of pneumatic separation, characterized in that the drying of the bee bread in the honeycombs in an oscillating mode is carried out by a closed coolant flow, the cocoons on the bead granules are destroyed by the contact interaction of the beads with each other voskopergovoy milled mass, and from the separated wax by means pneumoseparation pollen particles remaining large wax particles isolated by vibration and removed manually.