RU2394203C1 - Warhead - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: fragmentation shell made up of two or more layers has its first and second layers, if seen from explosive layer, are made all-metal, the gaps there between made wedge-like and with stepwise variation in sizes. Said gaps are formed by circular grooves or spiral groove on second layer, if seen from explosive layer, and lengthwise grooves on outer surface of shell layer adjoining the explosive charge.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of warhead and ease of manufacture.

2 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of armaments and can be used to create designs of warheads (warheads) of missiles and other ammunition equipped with explosive compositions (hereinafter - warheads).

Warhead constructions are known that, when a bursting charge (RE) is detonated, ensure the formation of an all-metal shell (CMO) at the initial stage of its expansion of the grid of stress concentrators due to the construction of assemblies of ready-made striking elements (PEs) laid inside the CMO, and subsequent organized crushing CMO on PE along the lines of stress concentrators in the process of shell expansion - see, for example, the design of warheads according to patents No. 2227265 RU and No. 2228509 RU.

A known design of warheads according to patent No. 2183815 RU with the assembly of PE from two or more layers, which when undermining RP provides organized crushing of CMO, which is the outer layer, using the crushing method according to patent No. 2183814 RU.

A known design of warheads according to patent No. 2210724 RU with the assembly of PE from two or more layers, which when undermining the RP provides organized crushing of the CMO adjacent to the RE using the crushing method of the same patent.

The last technical solution, as the closest in technical essence to the achieved result, is selected as a prototype.

For all the above constructions, the problem of organized crushing of one CMO layer was solved. However, there is a large nomenclature of warhead subclasses, for example high-explosive shells, mines, high-explosive fragmentation warheads of guided and unguided missiles, in which, for reasons of efficiency, strength, and manufacturability, it is advisable to use a fragmentation shell of organized fragmentation (SOD) with two all-metal layers (CMS).

The technical result, which the invention is directed to, is:

- to increase the efficiency of warheads by ensuring stable crushing of the first and second from RE CMS to PE of the required size and weight;

- to improve the manufacturability of the warhead.

The specified technical result is achieved in that, in contrast to the known warhead, including a rare earth and a housing containing a fragmentation shell of two or more layers, in which the first and second layers from the RE are made of all-metal, with gaps between them are wedge-shaped in cross-sectional gaps with stepwise change in the size of the gaps in the proposed warhead gaps are formed by annular grooves or a spiral groove on the inner surface of the second layer from the RE and longitudinal grooves on the outer surface adjacent to the RE with oya shell.

For warheads with OOOD of high-strength materials and / or with relatively large thicknesses of CMO layers, to ensure the production of PE with the required dimensions, annular grooves or spiral grooves are made on the outer surface of the CMO layer adjacent to the RE to increase the steps of the wedge-shaped gaps in the longitudinal section between the first and second from RE all-metal layers.

Analogues having a combination of features similar to the claimed solution was not found, therefore, we can assume that the claimed invention is new and has a sufficient inventive step.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of the warhead, which includes RE 1 and OOOD adjacent to the RE CMS 2 and the second from the RE CMS 3, as well as the third layer of PE 4.

Figure 2 shows a cross-section of a two-layer OOOD adjacent to the RE CMS 2 and the second from the RE CMS 3. On the outer surface of the CMS 2 there are longitudinal grooves, each of which forms with the CMS 3 wedge-shaped in cross section or close in shape to wedge-shaped gaps 5 with a step change in the size of the gaps. Smaller angles of wedge-shaped gaps are turned in one direction for at least groups of several gaps. Step changes in the size of the gaps 5 determine the line 6 of the required separation (crushing) CMS 2 and 3 along the generatrix.

Figure 3 shows a longitudinal section of a two-layer CVD with a CMS 2 and 3. On the second side from the RE CMS 3, transverse grooves or a spiral groove are made inside, which form wedge-shaped in the longitudinal section or close to the wedge-shaped gaps 7 with a CMS 2 with a stepwise change in magnitude clearances. Smaller angles of wedge-shaped gaps face one end of the warhead at least for groups of several gaps. Step changes in the size of the gaps 7 determine the line 8 of the required separation (crushing) CMS 2 and 3 across the generatrix.

Figure 4 shows an embodiment of the wedge-shaped gaps in the longitudinal section of the gaps between the CMS 2 and 3 with increased steps in the gaps when performing additional annular grooves or spiral grooves on the outer surface of the CMS 2.

Figure 5 schematically shows the intermediate crushing time of the CMS 2 and 3 at the locations of the transverse steps 8 of the gaps 7 (see figure 3). CMS 2 is divided (fragmented) at the locations of steps 8 and CMS 3, in turn, in addition to steps 8 is weakened by hooks 9 formed next to steps 8 by breakthrough products of RP detonation through gaps in CMS 2, divided by steps 8.

6 schematically shows the intermediate moment of crushing of the CMS 2 and 3 at the locations of the longitudinal steps 6 of the gaps 5. The CMS 2 is divided (crushed) at the locations of the steps 6. On the CMS 3, longitudinal cuts 10 are formed by the breaking products of detonation of RP through the formed longitudinal gaps in CMS 2.

Figure 7 shows a scan view of the side surface of the warhead, between the CMS 2 and 3 which are made wedge-shaped in the cross sections of the longitudinal gaps 5 and transverse gaps 7 with stepwise changes in their values along lines 6 and 8 (see Fig. 2 and 3) of the required separation of CMS 2 and 3 into compact PE. Each pair of compact PEs formed from CMS 2 and 3 will be separated from neighboring ones by a quadrangle 11 formed by lines 6 and 8 of stepwise variation of gaps 5 and 7, while at all four corner points 12 of each pair of compact PEs formed, the total thicknesses of CMS 2 and 3 are the smallest.

The task of ensuring stable crushing of the first and second all-metal layers from the RE when undermining the RE is solved using methods of crushing single-layer all-metal shells according to patents No. 2183814 RU and No. 2210724 RU. The possibility of achieving the claimed technical result according to the claimed invention is confirmed by the following.

Consider a simplified diagram of the beginning of the movement of the zones of the CMS 2 and 3 OOD in figure 1 ÷ 4. In the general case, after undermining of RE 1, a high-speed expansion in the radial direction of each PE layer begins after the shock wave passes through it and the reflected rarefaction wave returns to the inner surface of this PE layer.

For the proposed design, in the CMS 2 adjacent to RE 1, each zone thinned along a longitudinal stepwise change in the layer thickness will begin to move much earlier than the neighboring zone through a step change in thickness. Due to this, the CMS 2 will be divided (divided) into steps 6 (see figure 2) along the warhead.

The detonation products of RPs that broke through the longitudinal gaps formed in the CMS 2 will form longitudinal cutoffs 10 on the inner surface of the CMS 3 (see FIG. 6), according to which the CMS 3 will be crushed (separated) during further radial expansion of the ODS.

With a slight delay in time after separation by steps 6, the CMS 2 will be divided (split) along the transverse steps 8 of the gaps 7 (see figure 3), because the zones of the CMS 2 on opposite sides of the steps to the CMS 3 will begin radial expansion with a significant time difference, while the edges on the CMS 3 at steps 8 will function as the edges of the die cutting matrix (see Fig. 5). Thus, the CMS 3 will be completely fragmented into compact PEs.

RN detonation products that break through the gaps between the transverse crushing lines of the CMS 2 will form on the inner surface of the thinned zones of the CMS 3, next to steps 8, a cutoff 9 (see FIG. 5), which will weaken the jumpers of the CMS 3 at steps 8 or, with a relatively small the thickness of these jumpers, cut through the jumpers through, while the CMS 3 will be divided into rings. The separation of the CMS 3 into rings will be greatly facilitated by the impact on the thinned zones of the CMS 3 along steps 8, which began the first radial expansion of the zones of the CMS 2 located under the transverse grooves on the inner surface of the CMS 3.

With further radial expansion, the rings from the CMS 3 will be divided into compact PEs by cuts 10 (see Fig. 6).

Separation (crushing) of CMS 3 into compact PEs will also be facilitated by the fact that detonation products that break through to CMS 3 when crushing CMS 2 into compact PEs will most easily form through cavities in the thinnest zones of CMS 3 - at points 12 (see Fig. 7 ) at the crosshairs of a stepwise change in the longitudinal and transverse gaps between CMS 2 and CMS 3 - with subsequent spreading from the caverns of separation of CMS 3 along hooks 9 (see Fig. 5) and 10 (see Fig. 6), i.e. along lines 11 (see Fig.7).

The application of the proposed design in comparison with the prototype allows you to:

- to increase the efficiency of warheads of various subclasses by ensuring stable crushing of LLCD from two all-metal layers on PE of the required size and weight, including in the presence of OOOD with a large elongation;

- to improve the manufacturability of the warhead housing, including with small absolute values of their internal diameters.

Claims (2)

1. A warhead containing a bursting charge and a shell with a fragmentation shell of two or more layers, the first and second layers of the bursting charge of which are made of metal with gaps between them, wedge-shaped in cross sections with a stepwise change in their value, characterized in that that the gaps are formed by annular grooves or a spiral groove on the inner surface of the second layer from the bursting charge and longitudinal grooves on the outer surface of the first all-metal layer from the bursting charge shell. 2. The warhead according to claim 1, characterized in that on the outer surface of the shell layer adjacent to the discontinuous charge, annular grooves or a spiral groove are made with an increase in the steps of the wedge-shaped gaps between the first and second all-metal layers.

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