RU2392492C2 - Turbine for conversion of force of flow of two media to rotation energy - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention refers to wind and hydraulic power engineering, namely to hydro-electric power station and wind-mill electric generating plants of independent and individual use, both in private and small farms, and large manufacturing outfits. Turbine for conversion, simultaneously or separately, of force of flow of two media to rotation energy includes wind turbine and hydraulic turbine, which are installed on rotation axis. Wind turbine and hydraulic turbine are volumetric, e.g. in the form of cylinder with working blades e.g. in the form of flexible pockets or hinged rigid vanes arranged along outer surface of cylinder in a cross row or in a staggered order against medium flow in recesses with replaceable elements of working blades. The latter are provided with possibility of self-filling with medium flow. In internal wall of wind turbine cylinder there located are constant magnets creating induction of electric current. Fixed winding unit is installed in the centre. ^ EFFECT: development of turbines with simple design and fast payback. ^ 6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to wind and hydropower, in particular to hydroelectric power stations and wind farms of autonomous and individual use both, private and small farms, and large industrial enterprises.

A large number of hydro- and wind turbines are known, each working in its own environment and having a specific design and appearance corresponding to the working environment, for example, propeller wind turbines and propeller or screw hydroturbines with horizontal or vertical axis of rotation.

Disadvantages of analogues: metal-intensive, expensive to manufacture and operate, efficiency up to 40%, the cost of energy approaches the energy of nuclear power plants. Limited by location and operating conditions. Propeller turbines perceive large loads of water along the vertical plane of rotation, especially with large diameters starting from 4 m. To reduce the load, you have to create expensive and durable blades for underwater use, given that the density of water is 1000 times more than air. A known turbine for converting simultaneously the flow force of two media into rotational energy, comprising a wind turbine or a hydraulic turbine mounted on an axis of rotation (RU 92001720 A, 02.10.1995, F03D 9/00.

The closest analogue in technical features and purpose, adopted as a prototype, is a wind turbine, including a generator kinematically connected to a wind wheel equipped with limiters in the form of flexible connections, folding rectangular blades (RU No. 2059877, 1991). The disadvantage of the main analogue in the kinematic complexity of the connections is, firstly, there are many flexible connections to each blade, they are not always reliable, there are many fastening racks that also increase the possibility of breakdowns, especially when floating limits are hit. The disadvantages of the prototype: low efficiency, structural complexity, low reliability, low power per unit of cost and a small range of wind speeds from 7 m / s to 17 m / s.

The proposed turbine device has one type of kinematic connection with a rigid blade, that is, the axis on the fixture and the support at the blade. An elastic pocket on three sides is rigidly fixed to the turbine and has no mobile connections.

The objective of the invention is to eliminate the noted disadvantages of the prototype and analogues.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the turbine for converting, simultaneously or separately, the flow force of two media into rotational energy, comprising a wind turbine and a hydraulic turbine mounted on the axis of rotation and made voluminous, for example, in the form of a cylinder with working blades, for example in the form elastic pockets or folding hard blades placed on the outer surface of the cylinder in a transverse row or staggered against the flow of medium in niches with interchangeable elements of the working blades, while working fall off in the form of elastic blades or pockets, are arranged to samonapolneniya flow medium, wherein the permanent magnets creating the induction of electric current are arranged in the inner wall of the cylinder of the wind turbine, as mounted in the center of a stationary coil unit.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 is an exemplary view of a combined power complex, an underwater hydroelectric station in the sea, mounted on poles, and wind farms located on the upper platform.

Figure 2 - model of a drum wind turbine.

Figure 3 - model of a drum wind turbine, top view, with elastic pockets.

Figure 4 is a variant of a wind turbine with a horizontal axis of rotation and with external selection of rotation power.

5 is a variant of a mini-hydroelectric drum with a horizontal axis of rotation operating in a rapid flow channel.

6 is a variant of a cascade of drum mini-hydroelectric power stations operating in a fast-flow channel, top view.

The turbine works as follows: on the axis 6 (Fig. 1, 2, 4, 5, 6), for example, in this case, a cylindrical shape of the turbine 1 is fixed, on the outer plane of which any blades are installed, for example, in the form of blades 2 or elastic pockets, actively removing the energy of the flow of the medium, such as wind (figure 1, 2.) or water (figure 1, 4, 5, 6). The flow, depending on its strength, acts on these self-filling numerous movable blades 2 and creates a moment of force, rotating the entire turbine from which this energy is removed, externally through reduction 4 and transmitted to the current generator 7 (Figs. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6). A similar scheme of the turbine with the proposed blades is able to work with any inclination (vertically or horizontally) of the axis of rotation, and most importantly in any environment (in water or wind), it all depends on the material used in the manufacture of devices (Figs. 1, 3, 6) . When these turbines are connected into energy blocks or complexes, they can work in rivers (Figs. 4, 5), in artificial channels, under water in the seas and on offshore platforms, on mountains, hills, in gorges and on roofs of houses, etc. . Universality is obvious. The combination of the axes of a wind turbine and a hydraulic turbine is not necessary; they can have different generators. The configuration of the working turbine and its dimensions (for example, a cylinder or other forms) can also be different depending on the purpose of the hydroelectric station, wind farm or hydro-wind farm, its location in a natural or urban landscape. For external power take-off, a rim 3 is used (FIGS. 2, 3, 4, 5, 6), which, through the drive of the gearbox 4, transfers rotational energy to the generator 7. The hydraulic turbine is enclosed in side support structures 5, in particular, the sides of the channel. For a wind turbine has its own supporting structure 5. (Fig.2.)

Turbines 1, in the form of drums, with blades in the form of elastic pockets 2, opening from the pressure of the upper level of the flow, the fastest and strongest, after the threshold 9, the case of which is located before drum, at the beginning of the channel, quick current 10, which controls the height of the stream, its strength and speed in the channel. The combined scheme of the Hydro-wind farm, explained in Fig. 1, for using the power system in the open sea, where the turbines 1 are placed in the bottom current, and the wind turbines are placed on the platform and use the sea wind, the most constant and active.

The turbine for converting the flow force of the medium into rotational energy works both as a wind generator (Figs. 2, 3), and as a hydrogenerator (Figs. 4, 5, 6), and a combined version, like a hydro-wind farm, of high power works simultaneously or separately . In addition, the rotational shape of the working drum and its dimensions (in the form of cylinders, cones or variable forms of rotation) can also be different and depend on the operating conditions in the media or even on the required design, because stations can be installed both in the sea, and on rivers, and in artificial canals, and as wind farms - in the mountains, on the roofs of small and high-rise buildings, on high-masted masts and can be placed in the stratosphere, and differ only in the materials from which the installations corresponding to their Wednesdays.

Elastic (fabric) pockets or rigid folding vanes, under the influence of the flow of any medium (water or air), receive a rotation force around its axis, and from any direction, without resorting to orientation mechanisms (vane plumage) and mechanisms that change the position of the blades in shadow "zone or in a zone of a countercurrent. The design of the pockets and their distribution on the outer plane of the cylinder (or any other form of turbine) allows the turbine to rotate around its axis, at almost any speed and direction of the medium flow, so it’s enough to externally remove this energy and transfer it through the reduction to a current generator or generator put inside the cylinder.

The technical result obtained from the invention is that the proposed mini-electrical installations are simple to perform, even in small workshops, it is enough to have the appropriate current generator and technical ingenuity. The payback of small hydropower plants and wind farms, this scheme, for private owners will be no more than a year. There is the possibility of creating floating hydro-wind farms by placing them on decommissioned and converted barges, which are then installed on rivers, in the immediate vicinity of the consumer.

Claims (1)

A turbine for converting simultaneously or separately the flow force of two media into rotational energy, comprising a wind turbine and a hydraulic turbine mounted on an axis of rotation, characterized in that the wind turbine and hydraulic turbine are made voluminous, for example in the form of a cylinder with working blades, for example in the form of elastic pockets or folding rigid blades placed on the outer surface of the cylinder in a transverse row or staggered against the flow of medium in niches with interchangeable elements of the working blades, while the working blades are made They are self-filling with the flow of a medium, and permanent magnets are placed in the inner wall of the cylinder of the wind turbine, which induce electric current, and a fixed winding block is installed in the center.

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