RU2391858C2 - Method for improvement of production indices in large-scale keeping of neat cattle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to veterinary science and may be used in practice to increase production indices (rejection of animals, daily milk yields, pregnancy of cows) in large-scale keeping of neat cattle. Method for improvement of production indices in large-scale indices of neat cattle with application of ration that contains sources of carbohydrate, including cereals - wheat, barley, corn; sources of protein - soya and sunflower cakes, silage, hay, liposoluble vitamins and microelements, consists in the fact that oligosugars are introduced additionally into the ration - inulin in amount of 30-40 g/head per day, oligofructose in amount of 30-50 g/head, per day, and liposoluble vitamins A, D₃, E are introduced in liposomal forma in the following amounts: A - 30000-40000 ME/head/day, D₃ - 2000-4000 ME/head/day, E - 200-300 mg/head/day.

EFFECT: improved production indices.

Description

The present invention relates to veterinary medicine and can be used in practice to improve production performance (culling animals, daily milk yield, pregnancy of cows) with large-scale content of cattle (cattle).

According to published data, it is known that at present the content of cattle (cattle) in Russia in order to obtain milk is becoming less and less profitable every year. The situation will not be corrected when obtaining loans under the national defense industry project, since the feeding technology remains primitive and does not correspond to the high genetic potential of milk production from a cow. In cattle farms, they are moving along the path of increasing the so-called concentrate part of the diet, which gives an increase in milk yield, but at the same time leads to metabolic disturbances, worsening health parameters, and increasing culling of animals. Thus, in this situation, conditions of increased costs are created, which are not paid back by the amount of milk produced. At the same time, it is known that a farmer having

1-2 cows, uses for feeding only the necessary number of concentrates with a low content of proteins and carbohydrates, but at the same time significant volumes of hay (16-20 kg / head / day). This component of the diet is crucial for obtaining high milk yields. On large farms, they cannot provide cows with this amount of hay (only 2 kg / head / day) and instead of cows they get grass silage

(16-25 kg), which, however, does not replace hay when receiving high milk yield. The farmer has up to 30-35 liters of milk per cow per day, while 21-24 liters of milk per dairy cow are reached on farms. Thus, both hay and silage, being products obtained from green grass, differ significantly in their ability to enhance milk production. This ability is determined by the so-called "green grass factor", the content of which has not yet been identified.

A thorough analysis of this phenomenon by the authors found that the "green grass factor" is significantly reduced during the preparation of silage, and this is due to the development of lactic acid microorganisms, which use it for the growth and formation of organic acids. In the process of haymaking (air drying), this “factor” is well preserved. The authors also suggested that the positive effect of the “green grass factor” on milk production and health depends on two main components:

1. Liposomal forms of fat-soluble vitamins - A, D ₃ , E and

2. Oligosaccharides - inulin and oligofructose,

taken in the following quantities:

- Vitamin A in the form of liposomes - 30000-40000 ME / goal./day,

- Vitamin D ₃ in the form of liposomes - 2000-4000 IU / goal / day,

- Vitamin E in the form of liposomes - 200-300 mg / goal / day,

- Inulin - 30-40 g / goal./day,

- Oligofructose - 30-50 g / goal. / Day.

The authors suggested introducing these substances into the diet of dairy cows. The authors are not aware of similar solutions for cattle. It is known, however, the use of these compounds in medicine and the food industry. For example, chicory, recommended instead of coffee, contains up to 20% inulin. Jerusalem artichoke tablets containing inulin are available in the pharmacy network.

In agricultural practice, the drug is currently used.

Bio-Mos ™ (Alltech Co USA). However, it is a glucan-mannan polysaccharide used as a growth promoter in poultry and pig farming [1].

The authors suggested that to increase production indicators for large-scale cattle using a diet containing sources of carbohydrates, including cereals - wheat, barley, corn; protein sources - soybean and sunflower meal and cake, silage, hay, fat-soluble vitamins and trace elements, it is advisable to add oligosugar - inulin in the amount of 30-40 g / head / day, oligofructose in the amount of 30-50 g / goal. / day, and fat-soluble vitamins A, D ₃ , E enter in liposomal form in the following amounts:

- A - 30000-40000 ME / goal / day,

- D ₃ - 2000-4000 ME / goal / day,

- E - 200-300 mg / goal / day.

And the composition proposed by the authors in accordance with the mechanism of action will increase the bioavailability of essential vitamins, improve liver function, immunity, and therefore the most important health parameters.

In addition, the use of the invention will eliminate the dependence of milk productivity on changes in the quality of the silo.

In general, the most important indicators of animal productivity should be substantially improved.

The composition proposed by the authors was tested in different ratios of components. The test results are set forth in the following examples.

Example 1

Farm cattle CJSC "Krasnoarmeysky" Leningrad region.

In the experiment and control, cows were kept on a diet that included compound feed (11% protein), wheat - 3.5 kg, barley - 2 kg, corn - 2 kg, silage - 25 kg, sunflower meal - 2 kg, rapeseed meal - 2 kg, hay - 2 kg, vitamin-mineral premix, which contains fat-soluble vitamins in the form of coated granules in the following quantities:

- Vitamin A - 120,000 ME / goal / day,

- Vitamin D ₃ - 6000 ME / goal / day,

- Vitamin E - 300 mg / goal./day.

In the experimental group (55 animals), in addition to the diet, oligosaccharine - inulin was introduced in an amount of 40 g / head / day and oligofructose 50 g / goal / day. Instead of synthetic fat-soluble vitamins A, D ₃ , E in the form of granules, the same complex was introduced in the form of liposomes (liposomal bioavailable forms) in the amount of A - 40,000 ME, D ₃ - 4,000 ME, E - 300 mg / head / day. In the experiment and control, milk production per day, culling (%), and pregnancy (%) were evaluated as production indicators. The duration of the experiment is 2 months. The number of goals in each group is 55. The results are summarized in table 1.

Table 1 Indicators Milk yield l / day / goal Culling% Pregnancy% Note Experience 24 16 75 The control 21 twenty 65

From the data of table 1 it follows that the proposed method provides a significant excess of all significant indicators when the content of cattle.

Example 2

Farm cattle ZAO "Zarechye" of the Leningrad region.

Cows were kept (control) on the total diet, as in example 1. In a test group of 100 animals, instead of granular vitamins A, D ₃ , E, liposoluble vitamins in liposome form were added daily for 1 goal / day in amounts: A - 30,000 ME, D ₃ - 2000 ME, E - 200 mg, as well as oligosugar - inulin 30 g and oligofructose 30 g.

In the course of the experiment, production indicators were evaluated, as in Example 1. The duration of the experiment was 2 months.

table 2 Indicators Milk yield l / day / goal Culling% Pregnancy% Note Experience 23.5 10 75 The control 22 12 70

As can be seen from the data in table 2, the increase in indicators with a decrease in liposomal forms A, D ₃ , E and oligosaccharides is slightly less than the previous examples, however, the synergistic effect with oligosugars remains.

Example 3

Farm cattle ZAO "Krasnoozerny" Leningrad region.

Cows were kept (control) on the total diet, as in example 1. In the diet of the experimental group of 60 animals, oligosaccharine - inulin 40 g, oligofructose - 50 g daily was added daily, liposomal forms of vitamins A, D ₃ , E were not administered, but granular forms were used the same vitamins as in the control.

Evaluation of the results was carried out according to standard indicators (example 1-2). The duration of the experiment is 2 months.

The data are summarized in table 3.

Table 3. Indicators Milk yield l / day / goal Culling% Pregnancy% Note Experience 21 13 63 The control twenty fifteen 60

As can be seen from the results of table 3, the use of oligosaccharides in the diet additionally improves production indicators, but to a lesser extent than in combination with vitamins A, D ₃ , E in liposome form.

Example 4

Farm cattle CJSC "Krasnoarmeysky" Leningrad region.

The cows were kept on a general diet (control), as in Example 1. In addition to the diet, only oligosaccharine — inulin — 40 g / head / day and oligofructose — 50 g / goal / day were administered. All other conditions corresponded to example 1.

In the experimental group, as in the control, vitamins A, D ₃ , E were used in the usual granular form. The results are summarized in table 4.

Table 4 Indicators Milk yield l / day / goal Culling% Pregnancy% Note Experience 22.5 eighteen 70 The control 21 twenty 65

From the data of table 4 it follows that in this case, with the introduction of oligosugars, an improvement is also achieved, however, lower than with the total introduction of oligosugars and vitamins A, D ₃ , E in liposome form.

Based on the results of all tests performed, the authors determined the optimal concentration limits of vitamins A, D ₃ , E in liposome form and oligosugars. The use of higher concentrations is not economically justified.

Information sources

1. BIO-MOS ™ (BIO-MOS) ™

A complex of mannano-oligosaccharides with a glucomannanoprotein content of at least 25%.

Alltech Biotechnology Center, USA (Representative office in Moscow Oltek LLC, Myasnitskaya St., 35, of 847-899).

Claims (1)

A way to increase production performance with large-scale cattle using a diet containing sources of carbohydrates, including cereals - wheat, barley, corn; protein sources - soy and sunflower meal and meal, silage, hay, fat-soluble vitamins and trace elements, characterized in that the diet is additionally added oligosugar - inulin in an amount of 30-40 g / head / day, oligofructose in an amount of 30-50 g /head./day, and fat-soluble vitamins A, D ₃ , E are administered in liposome form in the following amounts:
A - 30000-40000 ME / goal / day,
D ₃ - 2000-4000 ME / goal / day,
E - 200-300 mg / goal./day.