RU2391823C2 - Food product production method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to food industry and can be used in semi-cooked items production which contain filling and dough cover. The food product production method from dough cover with filling includes following: the filling supplying device which contains farce supply channel and stuffing pump, which contains electric motor and rotor pump, stuffing supplier connecting the last with pipeline. The stuffing supplier test sheets supply filling when production method provides alternate mass or volumetric filling consumption or alternate speed of the mentioned supply. The distinctive features which are mentioned in dependent points assist the achievement of the technical effect.

EFFECT: invention allows stable mass filling consumption when changing its density in aggregate with high filling supply speed, and it also simplifies adjustment of the device.

5 cl, 1 dwg

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of food industry and can be used, in particular, in the production of semi-finished products containing filling and test shell.

State of the art

Known dispenser (patent application RU 2297147), made in the form of a structural element of the latter located above the wedge-shaped fragment of the meat-feeder, while the pipeline connected to the meat-pump is brought to it. The dispenser includes a valve, including several transverse holes in which objects are placed. Mentioned objects are made with the ability to move inside these holes when exposed to a certain force.

The advantage of this design is to ensure the stability of the filling and the constancy of the parameters of its pulse feed.

The disadvantage of this dispenser is as follows. The filling is pumped into the dispenser by means of a stuffing pump, which must have an adjustable drive or gate valves to ensure the constant mass of the filling in the semi-finished product. This makes the equipment design laborious to set up. Moreover, this setting takes place before the start of the semi-finished product manufacturing cycle, which makes the process of switching to the production of products with other fillings on the same equipment difficult and does not allow interactively changing the supply pressure in case of filling density jumps.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The main objective of industrial equipment for the production of semi-finished products with fillings is to ensure constancy, while optimally, of the ratio of the mass of the filling to the mass of the shell, as well as the speed of manufacture of the final product, which directly depends on the speed of the stuffing in the formation zone of the final product.

The complexity of these tasks lies in the need to adjust the equipment when changing the required mass flow rate of the filling when changing the portion of the filling or when changing the type of filling. Moreover, in the case of density jumps of a certain type of filling at a given flow rate, the ratio of the filling mass to the shell mass changes.

The purpose of the invention is to achieve a stable mass flow rate of the filling when changing its density in combination with a high feed rate of the filling, as well as to simplify the adjustment of equipment.

The goal is realized thanks to the achievement of the following technical result:

- reducing the complexity of setting the stuffing pump for different linear filling rates when changing the required mass flow rate or when changing the composition of the filling;

- ensuring the stability of the mass flow rate of the filling, in particular, when changing the density of the latter;

- ensuring the integrity of the test shell during the formation of the product;

- increasing the density of the filling in the product and, as a result, improving the ratio of the mass of the filling to the mass of the shell.

The claimed technical result is achieved as follows.

To implement the purpose of the invention, it is proposed to use a device for feeding the filling, including a channel for supplying the filling to the stuffing pump, the stuffing pump itself, the stuffing machine and the pipeline connecting the latter to the stuffing pump. At the same time, the stuffing pump consists of such main parts as an electric motor and a rotary pump. The electric motor can be asynchronous, and the stuffing pump can have a frequency converter.

The said device during the manufacturing process of the product provides either a variable mass or volumetric flow rate of the filling, or a variable feed rate of the latter, for which it may include an adjustable bypass device, the input of which is filled from the pipeline, and the output of which is connected to the said channel or directly to the stuffing pump. This device has an inlet valve installed in the aforementioned pipeline after the rotary pump, and an outlet that is located in the filling channel or directly in the rotary pump in the filling zone of the filling channel. This ensures that excess filling mass is removed from the pipeline and the linear filling rate of the filling in the pipeline is changed if the pressure at the pump outlet increases due to an increase in the density of the filling.

In another embodiment, the inventive device for feeding the filling provides a variable feed rate due to the use of a mass flow regulator based on a spring-loaded elastic element with an adjustable force or elastic medium, into the space behind which gas under pressure is pumped through the inlet valve, a piston and / or membranes. This regulator is installed in the pipeline and / or in the meat feeder. At the same time, the said pipeline or mincing machine may have an extension of the cross section of the internal channel through which the filling is supplied, while the described controller can be installed in this extension. This design allows, with increasing pressure due to an increase in the density of the filling entering the pipeline, to increase the volume of the pipeline and thereby reduce the linear velocity of the filling in the pipeline. And, on the contrary, with a decrease in pressure due to a decrease in the density of the filling entering the pipeline, reduce the volume of the pipeline, which will lead to an increase in the linear velocity of the filling in the pipeline. This leads to stabilization of the mass flow rate of the filling.

In another embodiment, the device for supplying the filling includes a vibratory stuffing seal installed in the pipeline and / or in the meat feeder. This seal is made on the basis of a piston and / or membrane spring-loaded with an elastic element, while either the electromagnetic pusher or the cam mechanism kinematically connected to the forming drums are closed to the said element. To achieve a technical result, the oscillation frequency of such a sealant should be at least 2 during the formation of one product. During operation of this device, the linear feed rate of the filling changes, while its average linear feed rate during the formation of one product does not change the mass flow rate of the filling from product to product.

The drawing shows one of the embodiments of the claimed device for supplying the filling.

In the drawing, the following notation:

1 - motor speed controller;

2 - electric motor;

3 - rotary pump;

4 - feed channel for stuffing into a rotary pump;

5 - pipeline;

6 - case;

7 - case;

8 - a glass;

9 - spring;

10 - spring;

11 - a piston;

12 - screw;

13 - a piston;

14 - valve;

15 - membrane;

16 - fitting;

17 - cavity;

18 - a container with gas;

19 - adapter;

20 - spring;

21 - electromagnetic pusher;

22 - case;

23 - membrane;

24 - a piston;

25 - mincer;

26 - hole for supplying the filling into the product shaping zone;

27 - case;

28 - cam mechanism;

29 - a pusher;

30 - spring;

31 - the piston.

Information confirming the possibility of implementing inventions

The claimed invention has the following design.

A device for feeding the filling is driven by an electric motor 2, which is equipped with a speed controller 1. The torque from the electric motor 2 is transmitted to the shaft of the rotary pump 3, which pumps the stuffing from the feed channel 4 into the pipeline 5.

When the filling pressure is higher than required, it enters from the pipeline 5 into the bypass device located in the housing 6 through the valve 14, compressing the spring 8 installed in the glass 10. This bypass device is regulated by means of a screw 12.

Moving through the pipeline 5, the filling enters the mass flow regulator, which is a cavity 17 bounded by the housing 7, in which a piston 11 is mounted between the wall of the housing 7 and the pipeline 5, resting on the snap ring 13. The piston 11 moves under the influence of the spring 9.

Inside the cavity 17, a membrane 15 is installed, the space behind which is filled with excess pressure gas from the tank 18, while the last gas is pumped through the nozzle 16.

Then, through the adapter 19, the filling enters the meat feeder 25, at one end of which an electromagnetic pusher 21 with a membrane 23 is installed, designed for vibrational impact on the filling. At the other end there is another mass flow controller, enclosed in the housing 22 and representing a piston 24 with a spring 20.

Also in the design of the device for feeding the filling there is a vibratory seal made in the form of a piston 31, which is acted upon by a pusher 29 connected to the cam mechanism 28. The spring 30 installed in the housing 27 of this seal provides the return movement of the piston 31.

Also in the meat feeder there is an opening for feeding the filling into the product forming zone 26.

The inventive device operates as follows.

Through the filling supply channel, under the influence of gravity, the filling enters the rotary pump, which is driven by an electric motor. In the case of using an induction motor to control the speed of such a motor, a frequency converter with a smooth or discrete change in frequency can be used. With a discrete change in frequency, the step of its change can lie in the range of 0.001-50 Hz, while the range of the rotation frequency is in the range of 0.1-150 rpm. The rotary pump pumps the filling into the pipeline. In the case of a temporary increase in the density of the filling over the allowable limit, the pressure in the pipeline can also exceed the allowable one, which will lead to rupture of the test shell of the product during its shaping. To avoid rupture of the test shell in the pipeline at a distance of no more than 0.5 meters from the rotary pump, an adjustable bypass device is installed. If the pressure rises above the permissible filling pressure, the valve spring of the bypass device is compressed, while the valve opens a channel through which excess filling mass flows back into the channel for supplying minced meat or at the entrance to the rotary pump. Entering through the pipeline, the filling passes through the mass flow controller, which is a cavity in which a spring-loaded piston is installed. Under the pressure of the filling coming into this cavity, the spring compresses a little. With increasing pressure during the filling process, associated with the heterogeneity of the filling, the piston increases the pressure on the spring, which, compressing, increases the volume of the cavity occupied by the filling, while reducing the linear velocity of the latter, which ensures stabilization of the mass flow rate of the filling. In the event of a pressure drop during the filling process, due to the heterogeneity of the filling, the piston reduces the pressure on the spring, which, expanding, reduces the volume of the cavity occupied by the filling, while increasing the linear velocity of the latter, which ensures stabilization of the mass flow rate of the filling. Also, in the direction of the filling, a membrane is installed, in the space behind which there is gas under excess pressure. Excessive pressure is obtained by injecting gas through the nozzle into a container connected to the space behind the membrane. In this case, the overpressure in the space behind the membrane can be in the range from 1000 Pa to 300000 Pa. With an increase in pressure during the filling process, associated with the heterogeneity of the filling, the latter increases the pressure on the membrane, which, bending, increases the volume of the cavity occupied by the filling, while reducing its linear velocity, which ensures stabilization of the mass flow rate of the filling. In the event of a pressure drop during the filling process, associated with the filling heterogeneity, the latter reduces the pressure on the membrane, which, when bent, reduces the volume of the cavity occupied by the filling, while increasing its linear velocity, which ensures stabilization of the mass flow rate of the filling. The cavity in which the piston and the membrane of the mass flow controller are located may have a cross-sectional area increased with respect to the cross-sectional area of the pipeline for more efficient operation of the mass flow controller. Moreover, this ratio lies in the range from 1 to 100.

Then the filling enters the meat feeder. The stuffer also has a filling mass flow controller in the form of a spring-loaded piston. Under the pressure of the filling coming into the meat feeder, the spring compresses a little. With an increase in pressure during the filling process, associated with the heterogeneity of the filling, the piston increases the pressure on the spring, which, compressing, increases the volume of the meat feeder occupied by the filling, thereby reducing the linear velocity of the latter, which provides additional stabilization of the mass flow rate of the filling. In the event of a pressure drop during the filling process, due to the filling heterogeneity, the piston reduces the pressure on the spring, which, unclenching, reduces the volume of the meat feeder occupied by the filling, while increasing the linear speed of the latter.

To improve the ratio of the mass of the filling to the mass of the test shell, vibratory stuffing seals are installed in the meat feeder. One of the vibrating stuffing seals is driven by an electromagnetic pusher acting through the membrane on the filling coming into the stuffer. At the same time, the vibration frequency of such a vibrating stuffing compactor can be adjusted depending on the type and density of the filling and can be from 0.5 Hz to 150 Hz, while having an adjustable amplitude of membrane vibrations.

Another vibrating stuffer compactor is driven by a cam mechanism kinematically connected with the forming drums. The cam mechanism, acting on the pusher, causes the piston to move in the direction of the filling. The return movement of the piston is ensured by the force of the compression spring and the pressure of the filling. The number of vibrations for the effective operation of such a vibration compactor should be at least 2 during the shaping of one product product.

As a result of the joint work of the above devices and mechanisms, the linear speed of the filling exit from the meat feeder hole for feeding the filling into the shaping zone will be variable.

The first component of the change in the filling feed rate will depend on the change in the filling density during operation of the device and serves to stabilize the mass flow rate of the filling, i.e. obtaining the same mass of filling in each product.

The second component of the change in the feed rate of the filling during the operation of the device will depend on the settings of the vibratory filling seals. This setting is related to the density of the filling, the size of the product, the time of its shaping and the mass of the filling in one product and serves to improve the ratio of the mass of the filling to the mass of the test shell while maintaining the same filling mass in each product.

Claims (5)

1. A method of manufacturing a food product from a dough shell with a filling, which consists in the use of a filling device comprising a channel for supplying minced meat to a stuffing pump, a stuffing pump itself, consisting of an electric motor and a rotary pump, as well as a stuffer and a pipe connecting the last to the stuffing pump , despite the fact that stuffing is served on test sheets from a meat-feeder, while during the product manufacturing process they provide either a variable mass or volume flow rate of the filling, or a variable speed of the chi. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the design of the device for feeding the filling includes an adjustable bypass device, the input of which is stuffed from the pipeline, and the output of which is connected to the said channel or directly to the stuffing pump. 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the test sheets from the meat feeder fed to the forming drums are filled, while during the manufacturing process the product provides a variable speed of the feed, for which they are made based on a piston and / or membrane, spring-loaded elastic an element to which either an electromagnetic pusher or a cam mechanism is closed, a vibratory stuffing compactor kinematically connected to the drums, which is installed in the pipeline and / or in the stuffer. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for supplying the filling includes a piston and / or membrane, spring-loaded with an elastic element with an adjustable force or elastic medium, into the space behind which gas under pressure is pumped through the inlet valve, a mass regulator flow rate, which is installed in the pipeline and / or in the meat feeder. 5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the pipeline or meat feeder has an extension of the cross section of the internal channel through which the meat is supplied.