RU2391447C1 - Composition for cleaning gun barrels - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to compositions for cleaning gun barrels and can be used to remove soot, residues of copper or its alloys (bronze), lead and oxides thereof which remain on the surface of gun barrels after firing. The composition contains the following in wt %: Trilon B 5.0-10.0, 5% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution 40.0-50.0, product of reacting boric acid with diethanolamine in molar ratio (1:2) 2.0-4.0, benzotriazole 0.5-1.0, 25% aqueous ammonia - the rest.

EFFECT: design of a universal composition for cleaning gun barrels, including sporting guns, from soot, deposits of copper and its alloys, lead and oxides thereof, as well as longer shelf life of the cleaning composition.

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Description

The invention relates to compositions for cleaning gun barrel and can be used to remove from the surface of the channels of the barrel soot, residues of copper or its alloys (bronze), lead and their oxides remaining from bullets after firing.

When firing small arms in the barrel as a result of the shot, both the combustion products of gunpowder and the capsule of the cartridge (carbon deposit) and the particles of the shell of the bullet (copper, its alloys, lead, or their various combinations) are deposited.

Under the action of high temperatures, particles of bullet residues are partially oxidized, covering the bore with a thin layer of plaque of hardly soluble oxides.

As a result, the density of the bullet adhering to the walls changes, which affects the characteristics of its movement inside the barrel. The accuracy of the shot is reduced, which leads to a decrease in accuracy and accuracy.

The salts contained in the sugars easily absorb moisture from atmospheric air and turn into saturated solutions of salts, causing increased corrosion of the barrel metal.

Particularly quickly, corrosion damage (shells) is formed in the immediate vicinity of copper-plated areas, since copper and steel coated with soot salts like an electrolyte form a galvanic cell, where steel is a rapidly degrading negative electrode.

In order to prevent the above-described negative phenomena, the channels of small arms trunks must be cleaned at regular intervals to remove contaminants from bullets and combustion products that accumulate in the barrel.

Two methods are known for removing carbon deposits and contaminants from bullets:

- mechanical - cleaning the bore with a ramrod with brass or bronze ruffs, which is time-consuming and leads to wear of the barrel of the weapon, reducing its service life;

- chemical-mechanical - the application of special compositions that dissolve the deposits formed, followed by wiping the channels with rags or special tampons.

A known composition for cleaning small arms trunks containing cleaning agents - alkanolamine (monoethanolamine and / or diethanolamine) 1-30 wt.% And / or nitrate salt 20-70 wt.% And a foaming agent - diethanolamide of higher coconut fatty acids up to 50 wt. .% of the total. The foam composition is placed in the barrel of a firearm, where it is left for 0.1-30.0 minutes, and then removed from the barrel (RU 2128319 C1, CL F41A 29/00, 08/11/97).

A disadvantage of the known composition is that it is absolutely ineffective when removing contaminants from bullets from copper alloys, such as bronze, from the barrel.

The closest analogue of the proposed technical solution is a composition for cleaning small arms barrels (RFS), containing, wt.%: Potassium dichromate (chrompeak) 0.2-0.5, ammonium carbonate 16.5 and the rest water (Manual on small business. - M.: Military Ministry of Defense of the USSR, 1973. - S.177-181).

The disadvantages of this composition is that it is ineffective in cleaning the trunks from deposits of lead and copper alloys (bronze), and also has a limited shelf life (7 days).

The technical result of the invention is the creation of a universal composition for cleaning small arms barrels, including hunting rifles, from carbon deposits, deposits of copper and its alloys, lead and their oxides, as well as increasing the shelf life of the cleaning composition.

This result is achieved in that the composition for cleaning small arms trunks based on cleaning agents contains disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Trilon B), 5% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution and 25% aqueous ammonia, as well as additional composition contains the product of the interaction of boric acid with diethanolamine (DEA) in their molar ratio of 1: 2 and benzotriazole in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

Trilon B 5.0-10.0 5% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution 40.0-50.0 The product of the interaction of boric acid with DEA in a molar ratio of 1: 2 2.0-4.0 Benzotriazole 0.5-1.0 25% aqueous ammonia Rest

A distinctive feature of the proposed composition is that when Trilon B, sodium hydroxide and ammonia are combined with the product of the interaction of boric acid with DEA and benzotriazole, the synergistic effect of enhancing the cleaning properties of the composition arises, which allows you to effectively remove copper deposits from small arms bores alloys (bronze), lead and their oxides, and also increase the shelf life of the cleaning composition up to 2 years.

Trilon B of the formula C ₁₀ H ₁₄ O ₈ N ₂ Na ₂ · 2H ₂ O (GOST 10652-73) is a white crystalline powder or white crystals, melting point 110 ° C, decomposition temperature - 255 ° C, mass fraction of insoluble in water substances not more than 0.005%.

The product of the interaction of boric acid with diethanolamine (DEA) is obtained according to the scheme:

HN (CH ₂ CH ₂ OH) ₂ + H ₃ BO ₃ → HN (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) ₂ BOH

The technology for obtaining the product of interaction (BDEA) is as follows:

In a flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer, thermometer and Dean-Stark nozzle, 2 moles (210 g) of DEA are charged. After heating the DEA to 100-110 ° C, 1 mol (62 g) of boric acid is introduced into the flask and a condensation reaction is carried out at a temperature of 160-180 ° C until the water evolution ceases. After cooling to 70-80 ° C, 132 g of water are added to the resulting product and stirred until a clear, light yellow solution with a pH of 10-11 and an amine number of 185-195 mg Hcl / g is obtained.

Benzotriazole - 1,2,3 formulas C ₆ H ₅ N ₃ (TU 6-09-1291-87) is a white crystalline powder with a pink, cream or yellowish tint, melting point 96-99 ° C, the mass fraction of volatile substances is not more than 0.15%.

The technology for preparing the composition is as follows:

In a 5% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide (GOST 4328-77), 25% aqueous ammonia (GOST 3760-79) is added in small portions with constant stirring. With the stirring, the calculated amount of Trilon B (GOST 10652-73) is gradually introduced into the resulting solution. The mixture is stirred for 10-15 minutes until the trilon is completely dissolved, after which the calculated amounts of BDEA and benzotriazole are successively added with constant stirring. The resulting composition is stirred for 15-20 minutes.

The technology for applying the composition is as follows.

On the surface of the barrel bore of small arms with a brush or gauze tampons using a ramrod, the proposed composition (TFC) is applied, containing, wt.%: Trilon B 5.0-10.0, 5% aqueous sodium hydroxide 40.0-50, 0, BDEA 2.0-4.0, benzotriazole 0.5-1.0, 25% aqueous ammonia the rest. The barrel bore is cleaned until the powder deposit and bullet deposits are completely removed, followed by wiping the channel with dry tow, rags or gauze swabs. After that, conservation oil is applied to the surface of the barrel bore with felt ramrod.

The compositions of the samples of the proposed cleaning solution (TDS) and known (TDS) are presented in table 1.

Tests for the corrosive effects of solutions on steel were performed on polished samples of steel 10 by the action of a droplet of the composition on the metal surface for 8 and 24 hours, with each hour the composition on the metal surface being replenished.

The corrosion test results of the compositions are shown in table 2.

Tests for the solubility of metals in the proposed and known compositions were carried out on the same type of samples, namely, parts of the bronze core of the TWS bullet — 12.7, granulated lead of grade C0 and bullet shell (oxidized copper) were used for 24 hours in the corresponding solutions.

The decrease in sample mass was determined by the gravimetric method before and after exposure to solutions.

Data on the solubility of metals are shown in table 3.

Field tests with firing were carried out from the barrel of a 12.7 mm sniper rifle with a rate of fire of 1 shot per minute with SPS 12.7 sniper cartridges (batch A-02-05), having a BRAZh 9-4 bronze bullet and C0-C1 grade lead as "Emollient"

The barrel was cooled every 30 rounds.

The barrel bore was cleaned with cleaning solutions of TDS and RPS after 90 shots. The cleaning composition was applied to 5 × 12 cm gauze swabs in 6-8 layers.

The barrel bore was cleaned with tampons using a ramrod.

Before and after cleaning with a cleaning composition, the bore was washed with kerosene and wiped dry.

Calibration of the bore was carried out before and after cleaning the bore with the compositions of TCHS and RCHS

Before testing, the bore was measured in calibers, then the RF composition was cleaned with five tampons and repeated measurements were made. The measurement results are shown in tables 4, 5, 6.

A qualitative assessment of the results of cleaning the bore of the barrel with the compositions of RFES and TDRS was carried out by the visual method for changing the color of gauze swabs, while the color change occurred as follows:

- when cleaning with the composition of the RFS - from violet to light blue;

- when cleaning with the composition of TCHS - from dark gray to blue;

- with additional cleaning of the bore with the composition of the RNFC after cleaning with the RPS solution, the color is dark gray, which indicates an additional dissolution of the deposits of lead and its oxides when using the RBC composition and its insufficient dissolution when using the RPS composition.

Analysis of the obtained data shows that the proposed composition for cleaning the bore can significantly reduce the amount of residual powder deposits, bullet material (bronze) and a lead demulsifier in the bore.

Using the proposed composition will significantly improve the quality of cleaning the surface of the barrel channels from powder deposits, bullet material (bronze), a lead demister and, accordingly, increase the service life of small arms and the tactical and technical characteristics of firing.

Table 1 The compositions of the samples of cleaning solutions Components The content of components in the TREF according to the examples, wt.% RFS, wt.% (Prototype) one 2 3 four 5 Trilon B 5,0 7.5 10.0 4,5 10.5 5% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution 50,0 45.0 40,0 51.0 49.0 BDEA 2.0 3.0 4.0 4,5 1,5 Benzotriazole 0.5 0.75 1,0 0.3 1,2 25% aqueous ammonia 42.5 43.75 45.0 49.7 37.9 Chromepeck 0.5 Ammonium carbonate 16.5 Water 83.0

table 2 The results of the corrosion effects of the compounds on steel Indicators Compositions of TREP for examples Rfs one 2 3 four 5 The presence of corrosive defeats absent. absent. absent. absent. absent. absent. - after 8 hours absent. absent. absent. 1 point of corrosion 2 points of corrosion pitting corrosion over the entire surface - after 24 hours Metal color change - after 8 hours absent. absent. absent. absent. absent absent - after 24 hours absent. absent. absent. absent. absent. cheating colors composition pH 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 11.5 9.0

Table 3 The relative weight loss of metal samples during aging in the composition for 24 hours Material grade The name of the composition Rfs TChs Relative weight loss in 24 hours,% Bronze BRAG 0.015 0,085 Lead C0 0,047 0.12 Shells of bullets (oxidized copper) 3.1-3.9 2.7-3.0

Table 4 Changing the size of the bore before and after cleaning with an RFS solution before firing tests Caliber diameter mm The results of measurements of the barrel (caliber entry into the barrel), mm Before cleaning After cleaning Kaz part Duln. part Kaz part Duln. part 12.74 990 0 Passed 12.75 890 0 900 0 12.76 820 0 825 0 12.77 150 0 155 0

Table 5 Changing the size of the bore before and after cleaning with compounds during testing Caliber diameter mm TDS solution Rfs solution Number of shots - 90 pcs. Number of shots - 90 pcs. After firing and cleaning The number of tampons used - 9 pcs. The number of tampons used - 9 pcs. The results of measurements of the barrel (caliber entry into the barrel), mm The results of measurements of the barrel (caliber entry into the barrel), mm Before cleaning After cleaning Before cleaning After cleaning Kaz part Duln. part Kaz part Duln. part Kaz part Duln. part Kaz part Duln. part 12.74 840 0 Passed 955 0 995 0 12.75 845 0 915 855 0 900 0 0 12.76 815 0 830 790 0 810 0 0 12.77 145 0 150 145 0 150 0 0 The total area of the cleaned surface 134 cm ² The total area of the cleaned surface 44 cm ²

Table 6 Changing the size of the bore before and after cleaning with a solution of RFS and additional cleaning with the composition of the RCS during testing Caliber diameter mm Number of shots - 90 pcs. RFE cleaning Cleaning with a composition of TDS after cleaning with a solution of TES The number of tampons used - 10 pcs. The number of tampons used - 5 pcs. The results of measurements of the barrel (caliber entry into the barrel), mm Before cleaning After cleaning Before cleaning After cleaning Kaz part Duln. part Kaz part Duln. part Kaz part Duln. part Kaz part Duln. part 12.74 955 0 995 0 995 0 Passed 12.75 855 0 900 0 900 0 915 0 12.76 790 0 810 0 810 0 825 0 12.77 145 0 150 0 150 0 150 0

Claims (1)

Composition for cleaning the trunks of small arms based on cleaning agents, characterized in that it additionally contains the product of the interaction of boric acid with diethanolamine in a molar ratio of 1: 2 and benzotriazole, and as cleaning agents the disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid is Trilon B, 5% an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide and 25% aqueous ammonia in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
Trilon B 5.0-10.0 5% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution 40.0-50.0 boric acid reaction product with diethanolamine in a molar ratio of 1: 2 2.0-4.0 benzotriazole 25% 0.5-1.0 water ammonia rest