RU2723631C1 - All-purpose gun lubricant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.SUBSTANCE: present invention relates to preservative, lubricant compositions and cleaning compositions which can be used for lubrication, cleaning deposits from scale and preservation of all types of small arms: rifled, smooth-bore and traumatic. Lubricant for preservation and cleaning of small arms contains, wt%: 27.0–75.0 of base oil with viscosity of 9.0–23.0 mm/s at 50 °C; 3–7 complex inhibitor based on a zinc dialkyldithiophosphate composition with a borated product of reacting vegetable oil with diethanolamine; 3–7 corrosion inhibitor based on cyclohexylamine salts; 0.2–1.0 depressor additive – oil – soluble polyalkyl methacrylate derivative; balance is an organic solvent in form of a dearomatised low-viscous liquid with a flash point of 75–100 °C.EFFECT: creation of efficient universal composition providing complex protection against corrosion in conditions of saline mist chamber with simultaneous effective cleaning of highly contaminated metal surface from scale, as well as having low fire hazard and providing good organoleptic properties during maintenance and cleaning of small arms.6 cl, 1 dwg, 5 tbl

Description

The present invention relates to preservation, lubricating compositions and cleaning compositions that can be used for lubricating, cleaning surfaces from soot and preserving all types of small arms: rifled, smoothbore and traumatic in aggressive environments, especially harsh conditions: marine climate and high temperature.

A known composition for cleaning the trunks of small arms, which contains, by weight. %: Trilon B 5.0-10.0, 5% aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide 40.0-50.0, the product of the interaction of boric acid with diethanolamine in a molar ratio (1: 2) of 2.0-4.0, benzotriazole 0.5-1.0, 25% aqueous ammonia else (patent RU 2391447).

Known means for the surface cleaning of objects, including for cleaning firearms trunks in order to remove deposits of copper and its alloys (bronze) remaining from bullets after firing from the surface of the barrel channels, which contains: 1.0-2.5% disodium salt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ("Trilon B"); 5.0-10.0% aminoacetic acid (glycine); 0.1-0.2% Sintanol DS-10; 5.0-10.0% potassium hydroxide; 2.5-5.0% Tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane ("Tris"); 3.0-10.0% ethylene glycol; distilled water (up to 100%) (patent RU 2558357).

A known composition for cleaning weapons, including weapon barrels, containing aqueous ammonia or organic amines up to 50 wt.%, An oxidizing agent in an amount of up to 5 wt.%, Surfactants up to 20 wt.%, A complexing agent up to 10 wt.%, distilled water - the rest. The composition is also used as a tool for cleaning gun barrels (patent RU 2702513).

Known tools have limited functionality, because are intended only for cleaning the surface, but do not provide the possibility of comprehensive care, i.e. including due to the lack of oils they do not provide lubrication, as well as anti-corrosion treatment.

Known gun grease of liquid consistency, for cleaning the walls of the channels of the gun from soot nitropowders, and to protect the guns from corrosion, containing, wt.%: Mineral oil 72-81; alcohol soap and vegetable oil 2-4; butyl alcohol 2-4; saturated solution of rubber in gasoline 15-20 (SU 52435).

Known composition of high-penetrating oil (patent RU 2694049) designed for cleaning firearms trunks, containing - mineral hydrotreated oils (CAS No: 64741-89-5, 64742-55-8, 64742-54-7, 64742-53-6, 64742-52-5, 72623-87-1, 72623-86-0) or dewaxed oils (CAS No: 64742-56-9, 64742-70-7, 64742-71-8, 64742-65-0) or a mixture thereof (0-50 wt.%); middle petroleum distillates, in particular aviation, technical or lighting kerosene, as well as white spirit or mixtures thereof (0-50 wt.%); saturated alcohols of normal and branched structure, containing in the structure of the molecule from 2 to 10, in particular from 2 to 9, from 2 to 8, from 2 to 7, from 2 to 6 or from 2 to 5 carbon atoms (0-50 wt. %); ketones containing in the structure of the molecule from 3 to 10, in particular from 3 to 9, from 3 to 8, from 3 to 7, or from 3 to 6 carbon atoms (0-50 wt.%); a mixture of terpene hydrocarbons, in particular gum, extraction or sulfate turpentine, etc. (0-50 wt.%); anti-corrosion additives, in particular phenolic, amine, sulfur-containing or others (0-5 wt.%); additives that improve the penetrating ability of the composition (0.1-5 wt.%). Such additives may include: polydimethylsiloxanes with terminal hydroxyl groups (kinematic viscosity up to 200 cSt), halogen-containing organic substances C _l F _m Cl _n , where l = 2-6, (m + n) = (2l + 2).

The known composition provides anti-corrosion treatment while providing the ability to clean the barrel of a firearm and lubricant. However, the disadvantages of the known composition are complex composition, increased fire hazard, unpleasant odor of organic solvents and limited scope.

The known composition provides anti-corrosion treatment while providing the ability to clean the barrel of a firearm and lubricant. However, the disadvantages of the known composition are complex composition, increased fire hazard, unpleasant odor of organic solvents and limited scope.

Closest to the proposed composition is RJ gun grease (prototype), currently produced according to TU 38.1011315-90, where, unlike RZ gun grease according to GOST 9811-61, the MNI-3 additive is replaced by the AKOR-1 corrosion inhibitor with a different ratio components (Lavrushin A.V., N.E. Starikov, Semenov S.A. et al. Evaluation of the mushroom resistance of lubricants used for protection of engineering products, Izvestiya TulGU. ) Known lubricant RZH (TU 38.1011315-90) contains, wt.%: Industrial oil I-20A - 36.5 ± 3.0; VINIPOL VB-2 additive - 3.5 ± 1.0; AKOR-1 - 5.0 ± 0.5; TS-1 aviation fuel - up to 100. RZh gun lubricant according to 38.1011315-90 is intended for the lubrication, cleaning and preservation of all types of small arms: rifled, smooth-bore and traumatic.

The specified gun grease has a high fire hazard, since the flash point, determined in a closed crucible, of aviation fuel, TC-1- 28 ° C, is intended for short-term corrosion protection, because It has low anticorrosion properties, and also creates unsatisfactory working conditions when cleaning weapons in confined spaces due to the unpleasant odor of TC-1 aviation fuel. The disadvantages of this composition are also low protective properties, manifested in conditions of exposure to salt fog, as well as poor cleaning properties for heavily soot-contaminated weapons parts.

The objective of this technical solution is to expand the range of preservation lubricants with high cleaning properties, which provide comprehensive corrosion protection and the cleaning of heavily soiled metal surfaces from soot, as well as have low fire hazard and provide acceptable consumer properties during maintenance and cleaning of small arms.

The problem is solved in that the inventive universal gun grease containing an oil base, an organic solvent, a corrosion inhibitor and a depressant additive, while as an organic solvent contains dearomatized low-viscosity liquid with a flash point of 75-100 ° C, and as a base oil contains oils having a viscosity of 9.0-23.0 mm ² / s at 50 ° C, contains a corrosion inhibitor based on cyclohexylamine salts as a corrosion inhibitor, additionally contains a complex corrosion inhibitor based on a composition of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate with a boron product of the interaction of vegetable oil and diethanolamine, and as a depressant additive contains an oil-soluble derivative of polyalkyl methacrylate, in the following ratio, wt.%:

base oil with a viscosity of 9.0-23.0 mm ² / s at 50 ° C 27.0-75.0 complex corrosion inhibitor based on the composition of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate with a boron product of the interaction of vegetable oil and diethanolamine 3-7 cyclohexylamine salt corrosion inhibitor 3-7 depressant additive - oil-soluble derivative of polyalkyl methacrylate 0.2-1.0 organic solvent - dearomatized low-viscosity liquid with a flash point of 75-100 ° C rest

As the base oil of the claimed composition contains hydrocracking and industrial oils with a viscosity of 9.0-23.0 mm ² / s at 50 ° C, for example, transformer oil GK, industrial oil I-20A, the characteristics of which are shown in table 1.

As a depressant additive, a solution of polyalkyl methacrylate in selective mineral oil can be used. In particular, a polyalkyl methacrylate concentrate in mineral oil of selective purification (Maxoil-D), the characteristics of which are shown in Table 2, was used as a depressant additive.

As an organic solvent, the claimed composition contains dearomatized low-viscosity liquid obtained by deep hydrogenation and purification of low-viscosity oil fractions, with a flash point of 75-100 ° C. As these dearomatized low-viscosity liquids, liquid LT-3 and RZh-3 can preferably be used, the characteristics of which are shown in Table 3.

As a corrosion inhibitor based on cyclohexylamine salts. In particular, the corrosion inhibitor contains, as a basis, salts of cyclohexylamine and synthetic fatty acids, fractions C ₁₀ –C ₁₃ or salts of cyclohexylamine and fatty acids of vegetable oil. As the specified corrosion inhibitor, H-M-1 inhibitors (GOST 9.014-78 as amended), which are salts of cyclohexylamine and fatty acids of vegetable oil (H-M-1), can be used. Unlike the corrosion inhibitor used in the prototype composition (AKOR-1), inhibitors based on salts of cyclohexylamine and fatty acids of vegetable oils provide corrosion protection not only for ferrous but also non-ferrous metals and alloys, and also have fungicidal properties (GOST 9.014-78 as amended).

As a complex corrosion inhibitor, DF-11k zinc dialkyldithiophosphate compositions (the characteristics of which are given in Table 4) with a regent containing a mixture of boron glycerides and fatty acid diethanolamides obtained by boronation of the product of the interaction of vegetable oil with excess diethanolamine are used. The specified complex inhibitor was obtained by a known method by mixing the reagent with zinc dialkyldithiophosphate, taken at a weight ratio of 1: 1.2 to 6: 1, mainly in the ratio of boron product of the interaction of vegetable oil and diethanolamine: zinc dialkyldithiophosphate - 5: 1, followed by dissolution in mineral oil. The preparation of this complex inhibitor is known and described, for example, in patent RU2680077.

The necessity of combining two corrosion inhibitors in the inventive composition immediately is due to the fact that a corrosion inhibitor based on cyclohexylamine salts gives the composition good detergent properties, but it has low efficiency in salt spray conditions, as it is highly soluble in water and, under the conditions of a salt spray chamber, an inhibitor based on cyclohexylamine salts is easily washed off with water. On the other hand, a complex corrosion inhibitor based on the composition of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate DF-11k with a borated product of the interaction of vegetable oil and diethanolamine exhibits high protective properties in the conditions of a salt spray chamber, including because it does not dissolve in water, but at the same time it has poor cleaning properties. The combination of these two inhibitors in the inventive composition unexpectedly provided both high cleaning properties and high anticorrosion properties under the conditions of a salt spray chamber.

The technical result achieved is the creation of an effective universal composition that provides comprehensive corrosion protection in the conditions of a salt spray chamber while simultaneously efficiently cleaning heavily soiled metal surfaces from soot, as well as having low fire hazard and providing good organoleptic properties during maintenance and cleaning of small arms.

The inventive composition of a universal gun grease is illustrated by the following examples of specific performance.

The compositions of the inventive universal gun grease intended for the conservation and cleaning of small arms are shown in table 5.

The inventive composition according to example No. 1 (according to the invention) is obtained as follows. The dearomatized low-viscosity liquid LT-3, Maxoil-D (concentrate) (a solution of polyalkyl methacrylate in selective mineral oil), a corrosion inhibitor M-1 and a complex corrosion inhibitor based on a composition of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate DF-11k with a boronated product are charged into a reactor equipped with a stirrer. the interaction of vegetable oil and diethanolamine in a ratio of boronated product of the interaction of vegetable oil and diethanolamine: zinc dialkyldithiophosphate 5: 1. The reaction mass is heated with stirring to 40-45 ° C, keeping it at this temperature for 1.0-1.5 hours until the reagents are completely dissolved. The calculated amount of HA transformer oil is added to the resulting solution, the mixture is stirred for 1 hour at the indicated temperature.

The compositions according to examples No. 2-4 (according to the invention) were obtained by a method similar to the method of obtaining the composition according to example No. 1.

Steel plates (St.10) were treated with the obtained compositions by applying it to the surface and placed in an Ascott-120xp salt spray chamber at 5% NaCl solution and a temperature of 45 ° С, after which the anticorrosive efficiency was determined.

Comparison of the cleaning properties of the claimed compositions of gun oil and gun oil RZH (prototype) was carried out on a heavily soiled gas piston with a bolt frame of a Kalashnikov assault rifle after shooting 20 stores of 30 rounds. We compared the number of passes of the wiping material, abundantly moistened with the test composition, which is required to achieve the same degree of cleanliness of the gas piston with the shutter frame, especially paying attention to the completeness of carbon deposits from the gas piston head.

The chemical composition (emission spectral analysis with inductively coupled plasma) of soot from a gas piston showed that the main chemical elements of soot are copper (26.06%), iron (7.94%), lead (7.94), tin (4 , 71%) and sulfur (8.51%).

The phase composition of carbon deposits (Rigaku DMAX-2200PC diffractometer (Japan) in monochromatized CuKa radiation) is shown in FIG. 1 and is represented mainly by copper, iron oxides and iron and tin-lead sulfides. Total carbon is practically absent (less than 0.05%).

As can be seen from the results shown in table 5, all the compositions according to the invention have better cleaning properties compared to rzh gun oil (prototype) for contaminated weapons parts while ensuring high anticorrosion properties. An increase in the amount of corrosion inhibitor based on cyclohexylamine salts (in excess of the declared) does not lead to an improvement in cleaning properties.

As can be seen from the data presented, the claimed composition effectively works as a preservation, lubricant and cleaning material with higher cleaning and anticorrosion properties, providing the universality of the claimed gun grease. The inventive composition is characterized by an almost complete absence of an unpleasant odor, due to which comfortable working conditions of the operator for maintenance, cleaning and lubrication of firearms are achieved, fire-fighting requirements are provided.

Table 1

Quality indicators of base oils

Name of indicator Transformer oil GK, TU 38.101.1025-85 Industrial oil I-20A, GOST 20799-88 Kinematic viscosity at 50 ° С, mm ² / s, within 9.0-10.0 17.0-23.0 Kinematic viscosity at 100 ° С, mm ² / s, within - 5.26 Density at 15 ° С, kg / m ³ , no more 859 915 Flash point, ° С, not lower 140 180 Pour point, ° C, not higher Minus 49 Minus 15

table 2

The quality indicators of the depressant additive Maxoil-D (concentrate)

Name of indicator Norm on
TU 0257-001-48328353-00 with amendment 2 Appearance clear viscous liquid The content of the main substance,%, not less 55 Kinematic viscosity at 100 ° С, mm ² / s 150-1500 Flash point in a closed crucible, ° С, not lower 170 The pour point of I-20A oil containing the additive "Maxoil-D" with the involvement of 0.2% ° C, not higher minus 35

Table 3

Quality indicators of dearomatized low-viscosity liquids

Name of indicator Liquid LT-3,
TU 0258-012-21112275-2017 Liquid RZH-3, TU 38.101964-83 Kinematic viscosity at 20 ° С, mm ² / s, within - 3.0 Kinematic viscosity at 40 ° С, mm ² / s, within 1.5-3.0 - The total content of aromatic hydrocarbons,% wt., No more 3.0 5.5 Flash point, ° С, not lower 96 80 Density at 20 ° С, kg / m ³ , no more 820 830 Pour point, ° C, not higher - Minus 20

Table 4

DF-11k additive quality indicators

Name of indicator TU 0257-005-00044434-99 Zinc, wt.% 8.8 Phosphorus, wt.% 7.8 Kinematic viscosity at 100 ° С, mm ² / s 11.5 Density at 60 ° C, kg / m ³ 1131 Flash point, ° С 165

Table 5

Compositions for universal gun grease

Component The content of the material, wt.% Prototype The claimed compounds 1 2 3 4 Base oil GK transformer oil - 25 - 50 Industrial oil I-20A 36.5 ± 3.0 - 50 - 75 Corrosion inhibitor N-M-1 - 7 five 7 3 Complex corrosion inhibitor five five 3 7 AKOR-1 5.0 ± 0.5 - - - - Depressant additive Maxoil-D (concentrate) - 0.2 0.7 0.5 1,0 VINIPOL VB-2 3.5 ± 1.5 - - - - Organic solvent Liquid LT-3 - Rest - Rest Liquid RZh-3 - - Rest - Rest Aviation fuel TS-1 Rest - - - - Organoleptic indicator Smell Strong kerosene Weak Weak Weak Weak Anticorrosive effect in the salt spray chamber The time until the first signs of corrosion, hour 6 More than 100 More than 100 More than 100 More than 100 Cleaning properties The bad Good ones Medium Medium Satisfactory

Claims (8)

1. A universal gun grease containing a base oil, an organic solvent, a corrosion inhibitor and a depressant additive, characterized in that it contains a dearomatized low-viscosity liquid with a flash point of 75-100 ^o C as an organic solvent, and contains oils as a base oil, having a viscosity of 9.0-23.0 mm ² / s at 50 ^° C, it contains a corrosion inhibitor based on cyclohexylamine salts as a corrosion inhibitor, additionally contains a complex corrosion inhibitor based on a composition of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate with a boron product of the interaction of vegetable oil and diethanolamine, and as a depressant additive contains an oil-soluble derivative of polyalkyl methacrylate in the following ratio, wt.%: base oil with a viscosity of 9.0-23.0 mm ² / s at 50 ^o C 27.0 - 75.0 complex corrosion inhibitor based on the composition zinc dialkyldithiophosphate with boronated product interactions of vegetable oil and diethanolamine 3 - 7 cyclohexylamine salt corrosion inhibitor 3 - 7 depressant additive - oil soluble derivative polyalkyl methacrylate 0.2-1.0 organic solvent - dearomatized low viscosity liquid with a flash point of 75-100 ^o C rest 2. The universal gun grease according to claim 1, characterized in that the base oil is represented by transformer oil or industrial oil. 3. The universal gun lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that the corrosion inhibitor contains vegetable oil as a base for cyclohexylamine salts and fatty acids. 4. The universal gun lubricant according to claim 1, characterized in that the complex corrosion inhibitor based on the composition of zinc dialkyldithiophosphate with the borated product of the interaction of vegetable oil and diethanolamine is preferably taken in a quantitative ratio of the borated product of the interaction of vegetable oil and diethanolamine: zinc dialkyldithiophosphate 5: 1. 5. The universal gun grease according to claim 1, characterized in that the oil-soluble derivative of polyalkyl methacrylate as a depressant additive is a solution of polyalkyl methacrylate in selective mineral oil. 6. Universal gun grease according to claim 1, characterized in that the dearomatized low-viscosity liquid with a flash point of 75-100 ^o C obtained by deep hydrogenation and purification of low-viscosity oil fractions.

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