RU2387870C2 - Windmill with wing-like windwheel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to power engineering and can be used for converting wind energy into other types of power. Proposed windmill comprises vertical wing-like wind wheel. Outer ends of wheel wings are rigidly interconnected and secured in support point arranged in circular support that prohibits wind wheel wings up and down travel. One or several intermediate rigid links and support points coupled therewith can be arranged along the wing length. Confuser and guide box are used to feed air to wind wheel, while shutters arranged inside said box serve to adjust airflow. Windmill can rotate about vertical axis so that confuser has its small mouth directed towards wind. Note here that confuser rests upon wheels rolling in runway representing a segment of circle with center at rotational axis of windmill.

EFFECT: operation in wide range of wind speeds, increased power output.

2 dwg

Description

Known wind turbines having winged wind wheels, the axis of which is horizontal, and the wind wheel rotates in a vertical plane, and with the help of additional devices, the wind wheel is directed towards the wind during its operation [See J.I. Shefter. Using wind power. M.: Energy, 1975, pp. 59-128]. Due to the pressure of the wind on the wings, the rotor is imparted to the wind wheel, which is subsequently converted into other types of mechanical energy, as well as into thermal or electric energy.

The disadvantages of the known devices with winged wind wheels and with horizontally located axles are the following:

- the cantilever position of the wings of the wind wheel, causing the need to make them many times stronger, including those that can withstand heavy and hurricane winds, and therefore, many times heavier than necessary for their operation in the design mode;

- the need to set the axis of rotation of the wind wheel at a considerable height from the surface of the earth, the greater the higher the power of the wind wheel, which is proportional to the square of its diameter, which leads to a corresponding increase in the tipping moment applied to the rack or tower, on top of which the wind wheel and its controls are placed , and again, racks or towers must withstand hurricane and heavy winds;

- a relatively limited range of wind speeds at which the wind turbine can operate: mainly not less than 3 m / s and not more than 40 m / s. At a wind speed of 3 m / s or less, the wind wheel simply cannot start to rotate, at a speed greater than the maximum allowable, it stops automatically or with the help of a manually actuated mechanism to avoid breakage;

- the impossibility or inappropriateness of building wind turbines of large unit power (for example, 1000 kW or more with a wind wheel with a diameter of 40 m or more);

- the need to use a complex system for controlling the speed of rotation of a wind wheel, angles of rotation of the wings, etc.

The device proposed by the invention has the following differences from the known ones:

- the axis of the wind wheel is located vertically;

- the outer ends of its wings are rigidly interconnected and each is fixed at a support point placed in an annular support, preventing the wind wheel wings from moving up or down from its neutral position;

- if necessary, the wings of the wind wheel can have one or more intermediate (along their length) rigid ties between the corresponding support and the required number of ring supports;

- the air flow to the wind wheel is supplied with the help of a confuser and a guide apparatus and is controlled with the help of blinds installed in the cross section of the guide apparatus, which can, if necessary, overlap the passage section of this apparatus to one degree or another;

- the wind turbine together with the confuser and the guiding apparatus has the ability to rotate around a vertical axis, optionally coinciding with the axis of the wind wheel, so that the confuser with its inlet bell is maximally facing the wind;

- the wind turbine has support wheels rolling along the track in the form of an arc of a circle with a center located on the axis of rotation of the wind turbine. The device proposed by the invention eliminates the aforementioned disadvantages of the known wind turbines with winged wind wheels with horizontally located axles, in full or in large part:

- the cantilever position of the wings of the wind wheel has been eliminated, since the bearing of their ends, and, if necessary, of the intermediate sections on movable reference points has been introduced;

- the wind turbine in height has become smaller by at least half the diameter of the wind wheel, even if we assume that the axis of the wind wheel remains at the same height as the wheels with a horizontal axis, and it can be located much lower;

- the force with which the air flow acts on the wind wheel is directed not horizontally, but vertically, i.e. creates not a bending moment, but a tensile force applied to the supports and load-bearing posts of the wind turbine, which the material of the structures resists many times more efficiently;

- the range of wind speeds at which the wind turbine can work is expanded, due to the more favorable method of supporting the wings of the wind wheel in terms of strength, as well as due to the confuser concentrating the air flow, which allows the use of wind speeds, for example, up to 0.5 m / s, and thanks to the ability to reduce to the extent necessary the cross section of the guide vane with the help of blinds, the wind wheel can work in the maximum permissible mode at any wind speed, including hurricane;

- it becomes possible to increase the unit power of the wind turbine, for example, up to 50,000 kW with a wind wheel diameter of up to 300 m and the corresponding location of reference points at the ends and at intermediate sections of the wind wheel wings;

- the wings of the wind wheel in the manufacture of the latter are installed at the most favorable angle of rotation in cross sections, and the entire adjustment of the speed and live section of the air flow is carried out using the blinds, which is much simpler.

Schematically, the device of the wind turbine of the invention is shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.

Figure 1 shows a side view of a wind turbine. Here:

1 - a wind wheel with a vertical axis of rotation, end and intermediate support points of its wings; 2 - annular support of the ends of the wings of a wind wheel; 3 - intermediate annular supports of the wings of a wind wheel (only one is shown); 4 - guiding apparatus; 5 - blinds; 6 - confuser; 7 - supporting wheels of a wind turbine; 8 - wheel track; 9 - axis of rotation of the wind turbine.

Figure 2 shows a top view of a wind turbine.

Here: 10 - a rigid connection between the end reference points of the wings; 11 is a rigid connection between the intermediate reference points of the wings. The remaining numerical designations are not given due to the easily established correspondence between the individual elements of the wind turbine in both figures.

The arrows show the direction of the wind and air flow in the wind turbine.

Claims (1)

A wind turbine with a wing-type wind wheel, characterized in that the axis of the wind wheel is vertical, the outer ends of its wings are rigidly interconnected and each is fixed at a support point placed in an annular support that prevents the wings of the wind wheel from moving up or down from its neutral position, moreover, if necessary, the wings of the wind wheel can have one or more intermediate in their lengths of rigid bonds between the corresponding reference points and the required number of ring supports, and the flow inlet the ear to the wind wheel is made using the confuser and the guide apparatus and is controlled by the blinds installed in the cross section of the guide apparatus, having the ability, if necessary, to overlap the passage section of this apparatus to one degree or another, while the wind turbine together with the confuser and the guide apparatus the ability to rotate around a vertical axis, not necessarily coinciding with the axis of the wind wheel, so that the confuser with its inlet socket is maximally facing towards py, while resting on the wheels rolling on a track in the form of a circular arc with its center located on the rotation axis of the wind turbine.

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