CN102121453A - V-shaped vertical windmill - Google Patents

V-shaped vertical windmill Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102121453A
CN102121453A CN201110083094XA CN201110083094A CN102121453A CN 102121453 A CN102121453 A CN 102121453A CN 201110083094X A CN201110083094X A CN 201110083094XA CN 201110083094 A CN201110083094 A CN 201110083094A CN 102121453 A CN102121453 A CN 102121453A
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China
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blade
type
support arm
fan blade
wind wheel
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Pending
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CN201110083094XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李永平
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to CN201110083094XA priority Critical patent/CN102121453A/en
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Abstract

The invention relates to a V-shaped vertical windmill which is mainly composed of a rotatable base seat, primary fan blade supporting arms, auxiliary supporting arms, horizontal connecting rods, a T-shaped column, fan blades, a coupler, a generator, a speed changing box and the like, wherein the primary supporting arms are inclined upwards; the auxiliary supporting arms are arranged on the primary supporting arms; the horizontal connecting rods are connected among the primary supporting arms; a wind wheel is provided with a plurality of primary supporting arms which are inclined upward and form an angle of 30-75 degrees with the water level, so that the whole wind wheel presents a V shape; the fan blades are installed at the top ends of the primary supporting arms; a V-shaped bottom part is used as a fulcrum of the rotation of the windmill; the supporting arms are connected by the horizontal connecting rods for strengthening; the swing of the windmill is controlled by one T-shaped column; the generator, the speed changing box and the like are positioned on a T-shaped column disk, and the weight of the T-shaped column disk is increased by fully utilizing the weights of the generator and the speed changing box; the spreading direction of the fan blades and the vertical direction form an included angle of 0-45 degrees; and the attack angles of the fan blades are regulated by a servo motor and a hydraulic device which are controlled by a computer.

Description

The V-type vertical windmill
Affiliated field
The present invention relates to a kind of V-type vertical windmill, belong to the energy field of Wind Power Utilization.
Technical background
The existing large-scale vertical wind wheel that is used for wind-power electricity generation, it is main normally adopting Da Lie formula Φ type wind wheel, this wind wheel simple in structure, but obvious defects is arranged also, because rotating shaft is very long, need drag-line to apply tensile force and push down structure to keep wind wheel vertical, cause wind wheel exist high vibration, pivot friction power big, can not self-starting and brake etc.For solving the problem that tall and big rotating shaft brings, people have been developed H type wind wheel again, when the support arm of blade adopts triangle vector supporting form, long rotary main shaft can omit, and is characterized in that the pivot point of wind wheel generally is positioned at the central position of wind wheel, and therefore this H type turbine need be installed on the tall and big column, generator also needs to be lifted on high aerial, can increase cost, and, cause it can not do very greatly because the firm degree of column is limited.
The present invention promptly is the innovation of attempting by wind wheel structure, realizes that vertical axis rotor both avoided adopting tall and big central rotating shaft or tall and big column, can realize the problem that maximizes again, realizes self-starting simultaneously, improves wind energy utilization and reduces the purpose of construction cost.
Summary of the invention
The inventor is through research, thinks that the wind wheel that adopts a kind of V-shape can solve effectively both to avoid utilizing tall and big central rotating shaft or tall and big column, can make wind wheel do big problem again.The advantage of this V-shape wind wheel is the pivot point of wind wheel can be placed on ground or the overhead not high basis, is convenient to I﹠M; The manufacture method of this V-type wind wheel, be that support arm one end with wind wheel blade is connected near on the rotating base on ground, the other end stretches obliquely, between support arm and the support arm certain included angle is arranged, just be rendered as the moulding of V word, fan blade then is installed in the top of support arm.In order to realize the height of maximization of wind wheel wind sweeping area and raising wind wheel as much as possible, the angle of these support arms and horizontal plane should be between 30~75 degree, and as shown in Figure 1, itself and horizontal plane angle θ=30~75 are spent.An independent V-type that is made of two support arms supports, and then constitutes many V-types supporting structure by a plurality of support arms, correspondingly can be made into one two blade wind wheel or multiple-blade type wind wheel, as shown in Figure 2.For support blade more firmly, when blade is longer, on the support arm of blade, also should be added with little support arm as secondary support arm, blade is supported by 2 and the above strong point at least, and as shown in Figure 1, so the support arm of blade is called master arm again.Represented the relation between this master arm and the secondary support arm among Fig. 1, still, this supporting relation is not unique, and as shown in Figure 5, master arm 57 also can be last, and secondary support arm 56 can be down, and under secondary support arm 56 also can have a plurality of.
Obviously, this V-structure is because pivot point is in the bottom of wind wheel, belong to a kind of eccentric structure, it is up big and down small, and center of gravity is last, therefore it also is a unstable structure, peg it unless be used as nail in the bottom with a powerful pillar, otherwise it is not easy to keep standing state.
The present invention adopts a kind of pillar of T type to make this nail, realizes guaranteeing the stable target of not falling of V-structure.This T type pillar is made of a column and a disk, disk places on the column, be fixed together with column, the diameter of disk is decided according to the height of column and the angle theta of support arm and horizontal plane, disk weight should be enough to push down whole wind wheel does not topple over wind wheel, and the column of T type post is installed in the rotating base of wind wheel, and is installed in together on the strong pedestal with rotating base, the support arm of rotating base and wind wheel can T type post column be center of circle rotation, as shown in Figure 1.
On the downward one side of T type post disk, ring track is installed, every master arm and ring track corresponding section, roller is installed, this roller withstands on the ring track below, plays the effect that prevents that wind wheel from toppling over, and guarantees that simultaneously support arm can rotate smoothly around ring track, as shown in Figure 1, the combination of described ring track and roller also can replace with a thrust-bearing.
This T type post can also replace with a generator, and the column and the disk of T type post can be used as the stator of generator; And ring rail and roller under the disk can be used as the rotor of generator, and master arm directly is connected on the rotor of generator, as shown in Figure 5.
For making wind wheel both have lighter weight, can allow structure that suitable intensity is arranged again, the present invention interconnects the connecting rod with level between each support arm, make it to become an outward appearance like polyhedral frame structure, as the same gaily decorated basket with sharp end, oblique master arm is the warp of this basket, waling stripe is equivalent to parallel, after being woven together, can obtain firm relatively basket, fan blade is installed and be constituted wind wheel in the warp upper end of this basket, for strengthening the intensity of wind wheel supporting structure, waling stripe can multilayer be installed, as shown in Figure 1.
The fan blade of wind wheel generally adopts prismatic blade, make that manufacturing and installation are all easy, blade can be vertical state and be installed on master arm and the secondary support arm, also can aslope install, be slope shape and install and can make wind wheel more firm, this is because the blade of slope shape is when facining the wind in the outside, can obtain a downward component, and when facining the wind, can obtain a component that makes progress in the inboard, therefore can reduce the shaking moment of wind wheel; For obtaining maximum wind sweeping area as far as possible, fan blade is when being the slope shape installation, and the amplitude that fan blade tilts should be greater than 45 degree angles, therefore, the setting angle of fan blade, its exhibition length direction should be to be 0~miter angle with Vertical direction, as shown in Figure 1, slanted angle a=0~45 degree.
Obviously, the fan blade of wind wheel also can adopt "<" type blade and C type blade except adopting prismatic blade, but still can there be the angle of 0~45 degree in the line at blade two ends and Vertical direction, as Fig. 6, shown in Figure 7.
For the angle of attack that makes blade can access at any time adjustment, so that when arbitrary phase angle, obtain maximum lift, and after surpassing the regulation rotating speed, wind speed round realizes aerodynamic brake, the joint of blade and master arm and secondary support arm should be adopted hinged, so that blade can rotate, and be equipped with gear or hydraulic pressure installation at the blade joint place, actuating motor is installed in the hinged place, control the adjustment of attack angle of blade by motor, as shown in Figure 3, the rotatingshaft 32 that has indicated blade among Fig. 3 a is in the hinge method of blade blade and support arm when outer, the hinge method of blade and support arm when the rotatingshaft 32 that has indicated blade among Fig. 3 b is in the blade, the adjustment of attack angle of blade can also realize that the gear among Fig. 3 a is replaced by hydraulic system at this moment by hydraulic system.Having this attack angle of blade and adjust function, can only be prismatic blade and "<" type blade.Obviously, preferably should be prismatic blade, wherein, when blade was vertically installed, the angle of attack was adjusted required power minimum, when blade and Vertical direction present certain angle, adjusted the required power increase of the angle of attack.
The adjustment actuating motor or the hydraulic system of attack angle of blade, the computer chip that dependence is installed on the wind wheel is commanded action, this computer chip system is according to being installed in time that wind direction signals that flow direction vane on the certain altitude of wind wheel center and anemoscope provide and wind velocity signal decide adjustment and angle, and calculating needed program, this computer sets, as shown in Figure 1 by the angle of attack of known vertical shaft wind impeller blade and the formula of lift relation.
The generator of wind wheel places on the disk of T type post, add big disk weight so that make full use of the weight of generator self, reduce vibration to push down wind wheel better, the power of wind wheel is by being connected in the coupling output on the master arm, a pto of central position links to each other on this coupling and the T type pillar disk, this pto can be the rotor shaft of generator or the active rotating shaft of speed-change gear box, as shown in Figure 4.
Above structure has constituted one and can adjust the angle of attack, mutliblade vertical wind wheel.This wind wheel structure is distinguished with conventional at present H type wind wheel and is that the rotating fulcrum of the vertical wind wheel of V-type is in the bottom of wind wheel, and the run-on point of H type wind wheel is at the middle part of wind wheel.
Certainly this wind wheel also can adopt the Placement of vanes fixed on master arm and secondary support arm, it is not too big particularly working as rotor diameter, under the rotating speed condition with higher, can dispense this moment such as actuating motor, hydraulic system, flow direction vane and anemoscope etc., the fan blade of this wind wheel is except prismatic blade, can also adopt "<" and C type, as Fig. 5, Fig. 6, shown in Figure 7.
In order to realize the function of manual control rotating speed, the secondary support arm of fan blade can also be made and can stretch, as shown in Figure 6,61 is last secondary support arm, 62 are following secondary support arm, and they all can be driven flexible by hydraulic pressure, when wind speed round is too high, secondary support arm 62 elongations, go up secondary support arm 61 and shorten, fan blade is lifted, reduce wind sweeping area and increase rotor diameter, wind wheel is slowed down, and this moment, the joint of fan blade and master arm and secondary support arm also needed to take hinged mode; Under the structural type of Fig. 5, secondary support arm can also adopt can elastic telescopic structure, when wind speed round is too high, make secondary support arm rely on fan blade centrifugal force to be drawn out and to make rotor diameter to become big, wind sweeping area diminishes, thereby the minimizing wind wheel is exerted oneself and reduced rotating speed.Obviously, the action of adjusting up and down of this fan blade also can be as increasing the exert oneself means of ability of wind wheel, promptly when fan blade is in contrary wind position (lift is less than the position of resistance), fan blade is lifted, reduce resistance against the wind, when fan blade is in the wind position (lift is greater than the position of resistance), fan blade is put down, obtain maximum lift.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the vertical wind wheel windmill structure of a V-type principle schematic.Among the figure:
1. fan blade 2. secondary support arm 3. waling stripes 4. wind vanes 5. anemoscopes 6. rotating base 7.T type post columns 8. rollers 9. encircle rail 10.T type post disk 11. master arms, 12. secondary support arm 13. pedestals, 14 generators or gearbox 15 ptos 16 elastic coupling flexible couplings
Fig. 2 is the vertical wind wheel windmill of three a blade V-types schematic representation.Among the figure:
21. fan blade 22. secondary support arm 23. waling stripe 24.T type post disk 25.T type post columns 26. rotating bases
Fig. 3 for blade and major and minor support arm with the schematic representation that is articulated and connected.Among the figure:
31. support arm 32. rotatingshafts 33. leaf blade joints 34. fan blades 35. gears 36. actuating motors 37. actuating motor gears
Schematic representation when the schematic representation when a. the blade rotation axle is in outside the blade, b. blade rotation axle are in the blade
Fig. 4 is a wind wheel power output structure principle schematic.Among the figure:
41. column 46. pedestals 47. rotating base 48.T type post disk 49. generators or the gearbox and the generators of master arm 42. coupling 43. waling stripes 44. pto 45.T type pillars
Windmill structure principle schematic when Fig. 5 substitutes T type post for using generator.Among the figure:
51. blade and support arm tie point 52. generator unit stators 53. generator amatures 54. pedestals 55. rotating bases 56. secondary support arm 57. master arms
Fig. 6 is for adopting the windmill structure schematic representation of "<" type blade.Among the figure:
61. go up 62. times secondary support arms of secondary support arm
Fig. 7 is for adopting the windmill structure schematic representation of C type blade
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, further specify the present invention by example, but the invention is not restricted to these examples.
The vertical wind wheel of example 1 three blade V-types
Its face shaping as shown in Figure 2.Its structural principle is shown in accompanying drawing 1, accompanying drawing 2, accompanying drawing 3, accompanying drawing 4.
This wind wheel has the oblique support arm 11 as shown in accompanying drawing 1, this support arm and horizontal plane angle θ are 30~75 degree, secondary support arm 2 is installed on the support arm 11, the blade 1 that is recessed is installed on the top, blade 1 is 1~45 degree with the angle a of Vertical direction, the lower end of support arm, be installed on the rotary base 6, the column 7 of a T type pillar is installed in the base 6, make support arm to rotate around column 7, T type pillar is made up of column 7 and disk 10, at the lower plane of disk 10, ring rail 9 is installed, in 9 corresponding parts of support arm and ring rail, roller 8 is installed, roller 8 withstands on below the ring rail 9, make support arm do circulatory motion along the ring rail, roller 8 also can replace with a thrust-bearing with ring rail 9; Be to strengthen the intensity of wind wheel supporting structure, link to each other with waling stripe 3 between support arm 11, showed the connecting means of waling stripe 23 under the situation of the vertical wind wheels of 3 blades in the accompanying drawing 2, waling stripe can have the setting of multilayer.For the angle of attack that makes fan blade can be adjusted with the difference of wind speed and direction, blade in accompanying drawing 2 and support arm, the joint 28 of secondary support arm, can adopt as shown in Figure 3 hinged, accompanying drawing 3 has been showed this hinged principle of adjusting with attack angle of blade, in accompanying drawing 3, be connected with blade joint 33 on the blade 34, it is hinged with support arm 31 that blade joint 33 is rotated axle 32,33 place on 31, on blade joint 33, be equipped with and the fixing gear 35 of joint, actuating motor 36 and motor gear 37 are installed on support arm 31,37 and 35 engagements, therefore blade 34 can be rotated by actuating motor 36 controls, and the driving of actuating motor is decided by the set program of computer chip, and the parameter of driving is decided by the information that wind vane as shown in accompanying drawing 14 and recording anemometer 5 are provided; The power output of wind wheel realizes by the coupling that is located on the wind wheel master arm, the mode of having showed the setting of this output intent in the accompanying drawing 4, in the accompanying drawing 4, the power that comes from master arm 41 is by coupling 42, drive axle 44 rotations that are located at center portion on the T type post disk 48, axle 44 connects generator or speed-change gear box 49, drives generator amature or drive generator amature by speed-change gear box to rotate, and realizes electricity generate function.
V-type vertical windmill when example 2 generators substitute T type post
Accompanying drawing 5 has been showed the V-type vertical windmill schematic representation of one 3 blade.In accompanying drawing 5, blade adopts with the joint 51 of support arm fixedlys connected, and has adopted disk generator, and blade supporting arm is installed on the rotary base 55, generator amature 53 links to each other with rotating base 55, be positioned on 55, generator unit stator 52 is installed on the rotor, and links to each other with pedestal 54 by axle, be fixed together, this windmill is a kind of small-sized windmill, therefore, only is provided with 2 strong points between blade and the support arm and gets final product.
Example 3 adopts "<" type blade and C type V-type vertical windmill also
Accompanying drawing 6 is for adopting the V-type vertical windmill schematic representation of "<" type blade, and blade adopted with the joint of support arm and fixedlyed connected this moment; Accompanying drawing 7 is for adopting the V-type vertical windmill schematic representation of C type blade, and blade adopts with the joint of support arm fixedlys connected.
Above example has illustrated thinking of the present invention and structure basic characteristics, be V-shaped between the main support arm of blade, the rotating fulcrum position of wind wheel is in the bottom of wind wheel, link to each other to strengthen with waling stripe between the support arm, the supporting structure of wind wheel is the point gaily decorated basket shape at the end, the bottom of wind wheel is positioned on the stronger pedestal, utilizing a T type post to control wind wheel waves, keep the wind wheel balance to stand, generator and gearbox etc. are positioned on the T type post disk, the weight that makes full use of generator and gearbox increases the weight of T type post disk, the exhibition length direction of blade and Vertical direction have the angle of 0~45 degree, and the angle of attack of blade adopts the actuating motor or the hydraulic pressure installation of computer control to adjust.
Still the example that has the secondary support arm of blade to stretch is not enumerated again, but existing description in summary of the invention of the present invention.By thinking of the present invention and structural element, have the personnel of industry knowledge slightly, also can do on this basis to change and improve, but only otherwise break away from thinking scope of the present invention and characteristics, it also should not exceed within the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. V-type vertical windmill, mainly by rotating base, fan blade master arm obliquely, secondary support arm on the master arm, be connected the waling stripe between the master arm, T type post, fan blade, coupling, generator, formations such as gearbox, it is characterized in that: fan blade master arm one end is connected rotating base, the other end extends obliquely, on the top fan blade is housed, form the moulding of V word between any two master arms, and link to each other with waling stripe between each main brace arm, the structure of described V word configuration, at least constitute by the master arm more than two, described waling stripe is set up one deck at least.
2. according to claim 1 described V-type vertical windmill, it is characterized in that: constitute the master arm of V word configuration, the angle of its angle of inclination and horizontal plane is 30~75 degree.
3. according to claim 1 described V-type vertical windmill, it is characterized in that: have a T type post that is installed in the turnable base, this T type post is that a column and a disk constitute, and ring rail or thrust-bearing are housed on the downward one side of disk.
4. according to claim 1 described V-type vertical windmill, it is characterized in that: the opposite position of ring rail is housed below master arm and T type post disk, roller is housed on the support arm, this roller withstands on the below of described ring rail; When the ring rail of T type post disk below was thrust-bearing, then roller and thrust-bearing were integrated.
5. according to claim 1 described V-type vertical windmill, it is characterized in that: the fan blade that is equipped with on the top of master arm, be subjected to support from master arm and secondary support arm, described secondary support arm is contained on the master arm, fan blade is installed on master arm and the secondary support arm, the exhibition length direction of fan blade and Vertical direction are 0~45 degree angle, fan blade can adopt prismatic blade, "<" type blade and C type blade, when adopting "<" type blade and C type blade, the line at its blade two ends and Vertical direction are the angle of 0~45 degree.
6. according to claim 1 described V-type vertical windmill, it is characterized in that: hinged mode is adopted in the joint of fan blade and master arm, secondary support arm, and be equipped with gear or hydraulic pressure installation in the joint, can be by adopting driven by servomotor or hydraulic drive mode, control by computer chip and to make blade rotation, to adjust the fan blade angle of attack, the rotatingshaft of blade can be in outside the blade, also can be in the blade, the control program of computer chip is according to being installed in the adjusting range that the flow direction vane at wind wheel center and information that recording anemometer provides decide the angle of attack.
7. according to claim 1 described V-type vertical windmill, it is characterized in that: fan blade and support arm, secondary support arm adopt hinged, and secondary support arm can stretch, and flexible power is hydraulic driving or fan blade centrifugal force.
8. according to claim 1 described V-type vertical windmill, it is characterized in that: fan blade adopts with support arm, secondary support arm fixedlys connected.
9. according to claim 1 described V-type vertical windmill, it is characterized in that: generator and gearbox are placed on the T type post disk, and generator rotor shaft or gearbox driving shaft link to each other with master arm by coupling.
10. according to claim 1 described V-type vertical windmill, it is characterized in that: also can adopt the rotor with generator to be connected on the turnable base of wind wheel, the stator of generator is positioned on the rotor, and stator is fixedlyed connected with the pedestal under the wind wheel rotating base.
CN201110083094XA 2011-04-02 2011-04-02 V-shaped vertical windmill Pending CN102121453A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102889171A (en) * 2012-08-27 2013-01-23 梁北岳 Tree-shaped force-lifting type perpendicular shaft wind turbine generator capable of realizing pneumatic speed reduction of blade
CN104763583A (en) * 2014-01-03 2015-07-08 罗义机电有限公司 Wind turbine
WO2017156859A1 (en) * 2016-03-18 2017-09-21 福建通尼斯新能源科技有限公司 Offshore wind power generator with v-shaped wind turbine structure
CN110541791A (en) * 2019-09-12 2019-12-06 山东大学 Self-adjusting propeller V-shaped self-starting vertical axis wind turbine and method thereof

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102889171A (en) * 2012-08-27 2013-01-23 梁北岳 Tree-shaped force-lifting type perpendicular shaft wind turbine generator capable of realizing pneumatic speed reduction of blade
CN102889171B (en) * 2012-08-27 2014-08-13 梁北岳 Tree-shaped force-lifting type perpendicular shaft wind turbine generator capable of realizing pneumatic speed reduction of blade
CN104763583A (en) * 2014-01-03 2015-07-08 罗义机电有限公司 Wind turbine
WO2017156859A1 (en) * 2016-03-18 2017-09-21 福建通尼斯新能源科技有限公司 Offshore wind power generator with v-shaped wind turbine structure
CN110541791A (en) * 2019-09-12 2019-12-06 山东大学 Self-adjusting propeller V-shaped self-starting vertical axis wind turbine and method thereof
CN110541791B (en) * 2019-09-12 2021-01-29 山东大学 Self-adjusting propeller V-shaped self-starting vertical axis wind turbine and method thereof

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Application publication date: 20110713