RU2432493C2 - Wind motor of carousel type - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power industry.

SUBSTANCE: wind motor includes wind wheel with vertical rotation axis and housing with wind wheel located inside. Housing is equipped with confuser and guide vane with louvers installed inside it and ring supports that carry blade ends and their middle parts.

EFFECT: this structure allows manufacturing and use of wind motors with wind wheel diameter and height considerably exceeding the known with corresponding increase of their power.

2 dwg

Description

Carousel-type wind turbines are used to convert wind energy into mechanical energy, which, in turn, can be converted into other types of energy (electric, thermal, etc.).

Carousel-type wind motors are known in which the axis of rotation of the wind wheel is located vertically and the blades are mounted on the rotor [See J.I. Shefter. Using wind power. "Energy", Moscow, 1975, pp. 59-128].

The wind wheel is placed in the casing, which ensures that the wind gets on the blades of one half of the wind wheel (in diameter), resulting in a torque, while the blades of the other half remain closed from the wind, and therefore do not experience its pressure and torque . The resulting moment makes the wheel rotate in one direction or another, depending on how the blades are oriented relative to the direction of the wind.

The disadvantages of the known carousel type wind turbines are as follows:

- the cantilever position of the blades of the wind wheel, which, with a relatively large power of the wind turbine (about 5 kW or more), necessitates making them many times stronger, able to withstand heavy and hurricane winds, and therefore many times heavier than what is required for their work in the design mode;

- the possibility of using only half the energy of the wind flow in the projection on the wind wheel, since half of the wheel is forced to be closed by the body (otherwise it will not rotate at all or its power will drop significantly);

- a relatively limited range of wind speeds at which the wind turbine can operate: mainly not less than 3 m / s and not more than 40 m / s. At a wind speed of 3 m / s or less, the wind wheel simply cannot start to rotate, and at a wind speed greater than the maximum allowable, it stops automatically or with the help of a manually operated mechanism to avoid breakage;

- the impossibility or inappropriateness of building a wind turbine of large unit power (for example, 200 kW or more with a wind wheel with a diameter of 20 m or more);

- the need to use a complex system for controlling the speed of rotation of the wind wheel, rotation angles of the blades, etc.

The present invention is to eliminate the above disadvantages completely or to a large extent. The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that:

- introduced ring support at the ends of the blades and, if necessary, intermediate annular supports between the points of attachment of the blades to the rotor and their ends;

- the blades of the wind wheel are installed rigidly in the most effective positions already in the manufacturing process;

- a confuser and a guide apparatus are attached to the wind turbine case;

- introduced blinds installed in the guide apparatus.

The essence of the proposed device is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a General view of a wind turbine and figure 2 is a top view.

Figure 1: 1 - rotor; 2 - blades mounted on the rotor; 3 - case; 4 - blinds; 5 - guiding apparatus; 6 - confuser; 7 - supporting wheels; 8 - skating track of the support wheels; 9 - intermediate annular supports of the blades (one is shown); 10 - ring support at the ends of the blades.

Figure 2 - Here 5, 9 and 10 are repeated. Other positions indicated in Figure 1 are not indicated in Figure 2 due to their clearly visible correspondence.

The arrows in figure 1 and figure 2 denote:

A - wind direction; B - the direction of rotation of the rotor; In - the direction of exit of the air flow from the wind turbine.

Wind turbine operation

The wind flow, having the direction of arrow A, runs onto the confuser 6, from there it enters the guide apparatus 5 with the blinds 4 installed in it and then onto the blades 2 mounted on the rotor 1. At the same time, the wind exerts pressure on the blades, which causes a torque, which is attached to the rotor 2 and makes it rotate around its longitudinal axis in the direction of arrow B. The consumers of its rotation energy (electric generators, pumps, etc., not shown here) are connected to the end ends of the rotor. The air flow, having passed a distance inside the wind turbine equal to about half the circle on which the blades are located, leaves in the direction of arrow B into the atmosphere.

The use of a confuser allows to increase the area of wind capture by 2-2.5 times, respectively, which increases the power of the wind turbine.

A greater than 2-2.5 times increase in the area of wind capture over the area of the guide vane is impractical, since in this case not all the wind flow incident on the confuser will have time to flow along the guide vane, and part of it will flow around the confuser from the outside. It is clear that in this case his energy will not be used.

Implementation of the above differences on the inventive wind turbine will allow you to get the following positive effect:

- replacing the cantilever position of the blades of the wind wheel with a multi-support movable bearing allows tens of times to increase the size of the wind wheel;

- as a result, it becomes possible to increase the unit power of the wind turbine, for example, up to 1000 kW with a wind wheel diameter of up to 130 and a height of 65 m and the corresponding location of the ring supports;

- eliminated the need to adjust the position of the blades of the wind wheel during operation, and the speed and flow rate of the air flow during the operation of the wind turbine is made using blinds, which is much simpler and more reliable;

- expanded the range of wind speeds at which the wind turbine can work, thanks to the confuser, which "catches" the wind from a much larger area than the known wind turbines, which allows the use of wind speeds of less than 3 m / s, for example up to 0.5 m / s, and thanks to the blinds, the air flow inside the wind turbine at an excessively high wind speed can be reduced to an acceptable value, so that the wind turbine can operate at any wind speed, including hurricane winds.

Industrial use of the invention will consist in supplying mainly electric energy to small and medium-sized consumers, as well as in working as an additional source in the regional electric grid system. It is also possible that any mechanisms and devices (pumps, fans, etc.) can be directly connected to the wind turbine.

Claims (1)

A carousel-type wind turbine having a wind wheel with a vertical axis of rotation and a housing in which the wind wheel is located, characterized in that the housing is equipped with a confuser and a guide apparatus with louvers installed therein, as well as ring supports on which the ends of the blades and their middle sections rest.

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