RU2384735C1 - Thermal engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to power engineering, namely to solar power engineering, and can be used to covert thermal power, for example solar energy, into mechanical and the latter into electrical power, that is, it may well double as a steam turbine. Proposed engine comprises circular bogy accommodating two branches arranged sequentially all along the body length and turnstile secured to the shaft center, said turnstile being provided with pressure rollers fitted on its opposite ends. Impermeable fabric chamber is arranged along said circular body to make branches, one of them being connected to solar collector and another being jointed to condenser. Note here that aforesaid rollers are furnished with concave blades to thrust against half the diametre of flexible sealed chamber.

EFFECT: higher efficiency and power output, expanded operating performances.

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Description

The invention relates to energy, and more specifically to solar engineering, and can be used to convert thermal energy, for example solar, into mechanical, and mechanical into electrical, that is, it can serve as a steam turbine.

A device is known for converting thermal energy into mechanical energy [1], comprising a housing and a rotor filled with a liquid installed inside it. On the periphery of the rotor are chambers filled with a heat-sensitive working fluid. The chambers are separated from the liquid by flexible partitions. The outer walls of the chambers are heat-conducting and are located in the heating and cooling zones. The rotor is divided by radial walls into compartments, each of which is separated from the adjacent chamber by its flexible partition. A heat-insulating wall is installed between the heating and cooling zones. A cylindrical hollow collector is installed inside the rotor concentrically to the last motionless relative to the housing; The radial walls of each compartment are adjacent to the outer wall of the collector with a minimum clearance. The injection cavity is hydraulically connected through a cutout in the outer wall of the collector with compartments adjacent to the working chambers located in the heating zone, and the suction cavity through another cutout is connected to compartments adjacent to the working chambers located in the cooling zone. The collector is configured to rotate and fix its position relative to the housing.

The disadvantages of this device are unreliability and instability, low absorption capacity of solar energy, low power and low efficiency due to the rapid equalization of temperature and pressure in compartments with thin walls.

The closest in technical essence is a heat engine [2], which contains an annular body on which two asymmetric branches of a flexible hose are connected in parallel connected along the working fluid. The branches are successively stacked one after another inside the ring along the entire length of its circumference. In the center of the engine there is a shaft with a turnstile mounted on it and with pressure rollers. At the points of contact of the roller with the branches of the flexible hose, the cavities of the latter are hermetically pressed. One end of each branch of the flexible hose is connected to the evaporation chamber, the other to the condensation chamber. The evaporation and condensation chambers are connected by a metal tube filled with a porous substance. The porous substance is impregnated with a volatile liquid, for example alcohol or ether, which is a coolant. In the evaporation and condensation chambers, the porous substance is laid with conical recesses.

The disadvantages of this engine are poor circulation of the coolant through the porous substance, which means low efficiency and power, as well as a low ability of rollers to overcome the contact points of the hose branches.

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency and power of the installation, as well as the integrated use of the installation for heat and power supply of consumers from renewable energy sources.

The technical result is achieved in that the coolant circulation is improved and the possibility of overcoming the contact points of the branches by rollers due to structural changes is facilitated.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the heat engine contains an annular case in which two branches are successively stacked along the entire length, with a turnstile fixed to the shaft in the center with pressure rollers at opposite ends, and a tight, impermeable fabric cavity is laid in the form of branches in the annular case, which is connected on one side to the solar collector, and on the other to the capacitor, while the rollers are equipped with rigid concave blades, pressing half the diameter of the flexible sealed cavity.

Figure 1 shows a structural diagram of the proposed engine, figure 2 shows a pinch roller with a blade.

The heat engine comprises an annular casing 1, on which two asymmetric branches of a flexible sealed cavity 2 and 3 are connected in parallel, connected along the working fluid, branches 2 and 3 are successively laid one after another inside the ring of the casing 1 along the entire length of its circumference. In the center of the ring is a shaft 4 with a turnstile 5 fixed on it and with pressure rollers 6. Rigid concave blades 7 are mounted on the axis of the rollers 6 so that they press half the diameter of the flexible sealed cavity. The rollers in contact with the branches of the flexible sealed cavity to the body are pressed tightly. One ends of each branch 2 and 3 of the flexible sealed cavity are connected to the solar collector 8, the other to the capacitor 9 through metal pipelines 10. The solar collector 8 and the condenser 9 are also connected by a metal tube 10 through the pump 11 to enhance the circulation of the coolant 12 - low-boiling liquid, for example Freon-113, ammonia-water solution, etc. The condenser 9 is used to produce hot water.

The heat engine operates as follows.

Solar radiation (I) passes through the translucent cover of the collector 8, heats the coolant 12 and it passes into a vaporous state. The pressure of the coolant vapor passing through the pipeline from the solar collector acts on the inner walls of the branches 2 and 3 of the flexible cavity, the rollers 6 move along the branches of the cavities in the direction from their ends connected to the solar collector 8, to the ends connected to the capacitor 9. Using the turnstile 5 is driven into rotation by the shaft 4.

To prevent the turnstile from stopping rotation when the rollers move from one branch 2 and 3 of the flexible cavity to another, the points of contact of the branches 2 and 3 of the cavity are located so that when one roller 6 is at the point of contact of the branches 2 and 3 of the flexible cavity, the other roller 6 is already displaced relative to another point of contact of branches 2 and 3 of the flexible cavity. This is achieved by displacing one point of contact between branches 2 and 3 of the flexible sealed cavity relative to another from their diametrical location. In addition, concave blades 7, rigidly fixed to the axis of the rollers 6, pressing half the diameter of the flexible cavities, allow the rollers to easily move from one branch to another at the points of contact. In the condenser 9, the coolant condensates, the heat of the phase transition is used to heat or produce hot water (hot water), the coolant in the liquid phase is pumped through the metal pipes 10 to the solar collector 8 through metal pipes 10 for subsequent evaporation. Further, the described cycle is repeated.

The proposed heat engine has the following advantages:

- provides the use of renewable energy sources, sunlight;

- increases the efficiency and power of the installation due to the use of a flexible sealed cavity, concave blades on the rollers, increasing the difference in temperature and pressure in the solar collector and capacitor, as well as through the use of a circulation pump;

- additionally used is the thermal energy of the phase transition (condensation) of the coolant for heat supply or hot water.

Information sources

1. EP Kovalenko Device for converting thermal energy into mechanical energy, copyright certificate No. SU 1302013, F03G 7/06, bull. No. 13, 04/07/1987.

2. A.I. Klubochkin, N.M. Aleksandrov Heat engine, copyright certificate No.SU 1317178, F03G 7/00, bull. No. 22, 06/15/1987.

Claims (1)

A heat engine, including an annular case, in which two branches are successively stacked along the entire length, with a turnstile fixed to the shaft in the center with pressure rollers at opposite ends, characterized in that a tight, impermeable tissue cavity is laid in the form of branches in the annular case, which is connected to on the one hand, with a solar collector, and on the other, with a capacitor, while the rollers are equipped with rigid concave blades, pressing half the diameter of a flexible sealed cavity.

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