RU2380143C2 - Vortex spray absorber - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related to heat mass exchange devices and may be used in petrochemical, chemical, chemical-pharmaceutical, food and other industries. Vortex spray absorber comprises body with nozzles for gas inlet and outlet and drain of liquid, perforated tube for inlet of liquid, which is installed in body on bearings with possibility of rotation. Impellers are fixed on perforated pipe. Nozzles of gas inlet and outlet are installed on body tangentially, besides nozzle of gas outlet is located towards gas flow that rotates in body. Nozzles of liquid drain are installed on body tangentially towards liquid film that rotates on body wall. In body opposite to each nozzle of liquid drain there are nozzles arranged for separation of phases, which produce annular pockets with bottom arranged above liquid drain nozzle together with body wall.

EFFECT: reduced power inputs and simplified design.

2 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to heat and mass transfer apparatus and can be used in the petrochemical, chemical, chemical-pharmaceutical, food and other industries.

A hollow atomizing absorber is known (see the book by A. G. Kasatkin “Basic processes and apparatuses of chemical technology”, M., Alliance, 2005, p. 457, Fig. XI-28), containing a housing with gas inlet and outlet nozzles and liquid outlet and nozzles installed in the housing from above in a horizontal row.

The disadvantages of this absorber are low productivity due to the small allowable speed of the light phase in the apparatus, exceeding which leads to intensive entrainment of liquid from the apparatus by the light phase, and low heat and mass transfer due to a single interaction of the phases in the apparatus.

The prototype is a two-stage hollow vortex apparatus (see the book by A.N. Nikolayev, A.V. Dmitriev, D.N. Latypov “Purification of gas emissions from TPPs operating on solid and liquid fuels”, Kazan, CJSC “New Knowledge”, 2004 g., p. 11, Fig. 1.3c), comprising a housing with gas inlet and outlet nozzles and a fluid outlet, fluid inlet nodes in the form of perforated pipes and swirls installed along the longitudinal axis of the housing one under the other.

The disadvantages of the prototype are: low heat and mass transfer due to the underdeveloped surface of the interphase contact and the crushing of the jets into droplets of large sizes, high energy consumption for passing the swirl flow of the light phase and imparting downward motion to this stream, as well as the complexity of the design.

The task of the invention is to increase the efficiency of heat and mass transfer, reduce energy consumption and simplify the design.

The task is carried out by the fact that in a vortex sawing absorber containing a housing with gas inlet and outlet nozzles and a liquid outlet, a liquid inlet unit in the form of a perforated pipe mounted along the longitudinal axis of the body and swirls mounted on the perforated pipe, according to the invention, the swirls are made in the form of impellers, perforated the pipe is mounted in the housing in bearings with the possibility of rotation, and the gas inlet and outlet pipes are installed tangentially on the body, and the gas outlet pipe is located I’m tearing a gas stream rotating in the body

Figure 1 shows a vortex atomizing absorber, a longitudinal section, figure 2 is a view a in figure 1.

The apparatus comprises a housing 1 with nozzles 2, 3, 4, respectively, the gas inlet, gas outlet and liquid outlet, a fluid inlet unit in the form of a perforated pipe 5 with perforations 6, and swirlers made in the form of impellers 7 mounted on a perforated pipe.

The nozzles 2 and 3 are mounted tangentially on the housing 1, and the nozzle 3 is located towards the gas flow rotating in the housing.

On top of the housing 1, a fluid inlet pipe 8 located coaxially with the perforated pipe 5 is mounted, the lower end of which is inserted with a gap into the upper end of the perforated pipe.

Perforated pipe 5 is installed in the housing 1 with the possibility of rotation in bearings 9 and 10.

The nozzles 4 are placed on the housing 1 tangentially towards the liquid film rotating on the wall of the housing.

In the housing 1 opposite each nozzle 4, a coaxially located nozzle 11 for phase separation is installed, forming an annular pocket 12 with a bottom in the upper part located above the nozzle 4 with the wall of the housing.

Vortex spray absorber operates as follows.

Gas enters the housing 1 through the pipe 2 tangentially, acquiring an upward spiral motion in the apparatus. Acting on the impellers 7, the gas stream rotates them together with the perforated pipe 5. Bearings 9 and 10 provide easy rotation of the perforated pipe 5 with the impellers 7 mounted on it from the gas stream.

The liquid is introduced under pressure through the pipe 8 into the perforated pipe 5, from which flows through the perforations 6 in the form of jets disintegrating into small drops. Rotating impellers 7 break up droplets of decaying jets into smaller ones, providing a thin spray of liquid, and increase the rotation of the gas flow in the housing 1 over the entire height of the working area of the apparatus.

When interacting with droplets of atomized liquid, a gas stream draws them into a joint upward spiral motion. By centrifugal force, droplets are thrown onto the wall of the housing 1, where they merge, and the resulting continuous liquid film, while maintaining an upward spiral motion, goes into the annular pockets 12 formed by the walls of the nozzles 11 and the housing. Due to the fact that the nozzles 4 are located tangentially towards the rotating liquid film, the latter, having a large tangential velocity component, is intensively squeezed out of the annular pockets 12 through the nozzles 4 to the outside of the apparatus.

The gas separated from the liquid exits the housing 1 through the pipe 3.

The tangential location of the nozzles 2 and 3 on the housing 1 enhances the rotation of the gas flow in the apparatus.

Annular pockets 12 with a bottom in the upper part, formed by the walls of the housing 1 and nozzles 11, provide an effective removal of a film of liquid from the apparatus during an upward spiral motion of a gas-liquid flow.

The implementation of the swirl in the form of impellers 7, mounted on a perforated pipe 5, and the placement of the perforated pipe in the housing 1 of the device with the possibility of rotation provide:

- intensive disintegration of liquid streams flowing from perforations of 6 perforated pipes into small droplets, fine crushing of these droplets and their spraying over the entire working area of the apparatus, leading to the creation of a highly developed and continuously updated interfacial contact surface;

- reducing the resistance of the swirlers, made in the form of impellers, to the movement of the gas stream in the apparatus;

- simplification of the design.

Technical and economic efficiency from the use of the invention is achieved by increasing the efficiency of heat and mass transfer due to the creation of a highly developed and continuously updated interphase contact surface in the apparatus, reducing energy costs from reducing the resistance of swirling devices and reducing the cost of the apparatus from simplifying the design of swirling devices.

Claims (1)

A vortex spray absorber containing a housing with gas inlet and outlet and liquid outlet nozzles, a liquid inlet assembly in the form of a perforated pipe mounted along the longitudinal axis of the housing, characterized in that the impellers are fixed on the perforated pipe, and the liquid outlet nozzles are mounted on the housing tangentially rotating against the wall a film of liquid in the case, in the case opposite each liquid branch pipe, a coaxially located phase separation pipe is installed, forming rings with the wall of the case A pocket with a bottom located above the fluid outlet pipe.

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