RU2232625C1 - Vortex apparatus for performing physico-chemical processes at descending flow of phases - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: apparatus for performing physico-chemical processes, such as absorption, desorption, dust and gas removal, mixing, cooling of gases; chemical industry; metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: mounted above vortex contact unit is disk-shaped cylindrical sprinkler; located in lower portion of housing is exhaust pipe whose diameter is equal to diameter of separator; it is mounted at clearance equal to 0.2-0.8 of diameter of separator, Vortex contact unit is made from convex tangential plates. Vortex apparatus has housing 1, upper swirling part 3 with vortex contact unit which consists of plate 2, cover 12, separator 11, convex tangential plates 4, lower separating part 5, tangential gas inlet branch pipe 6 and liquid supply and discharge branch pipes 7 and 8. Mounted above vortex contact unit is disk-shaped cylindrical sprinkler 9; lower part of apparatus is provided with exhaust pipe 10 which is mounted at clearance of 0.2-0.8 of diameter of separator relative to separator 11.

EFFECT: enhanced efficiency at low hydraulic resistance due to organization of descending flow of interacting phases.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for carrying out physico-chemical processes, namely the processes of absorption, desorption, dust and gas cleaning, mixing, cooling gases, and can be used in the chemical, metallurgical industry, namely in the production of inorganic acids and mineral fertilizers.

Known hollow vortex apparatus with a downward flow of contacting phases, in the cylindrical body of which is installed a swirl. The fluid is supplied to the apparatus along the axis through the sprinkler along its entire height and is discharged from the apparatus in its lower part. For additional irrigation, a liquid collector is installed inside the swirl (see Nikolaev AN Integrated purification of industrial gas emissions in vortex-type apparatuses: Abstract of dissertation of the doctor of technical sciences. Kazan State Technical University, Kazan, 1999, pp. 8-9). The liquid and gas in this apparatus move down in the direction of gravity, and the liquid is atomized by mechanical devices without the expense of gas flow energy.

The disadvantage of this device is its low efficiency, because the liquid is fed into the swirl and the separating part of the apparatus. This reduces the efficiency of the process.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is an apparatus for carrying out physical and chemical processes in a vortex gas stream, having a housing, a vortex contact device (VKU), which consists of an upper perforated and lower parts, with plates in the lower part, a tangential input pipe interacting agents and withdrawal of interaction products, a coaxial cylinder with slots in the lower part. A shell is located between the bottom of the case and the VKU, and the upper part of the VKU is connected to the pipe for outputting the products of interaction (see RF patent No. 2036733, class B 04 C 5/08, 5/00. Bull. No. 16 from 06/09/95) .

In this apparatus, gas and liquid, falling into the lower part of the contact device (KU), twist, interacting with each other and, rising to the upper part of the KU, are separated, falling into the gap between the perforated part of the KU and the coaxial cylinder. Then the liquid is separated from the gas stream, flows onto a plate and is removed from the apparatus. Gas with microsprays of liquid rises along the perforated part of the KU, the liquid is filtered off, and gas is removed from the apparatus.

A significant drawback of this apparatus is its high hydraulic resistance, which leads to significant energy consumption for the process, despite its high efficiency. For example, the dust catch of fodder yeast is 99.6%. The increased resistance is due to the need for crushing and transporting the entire fluid supplied to the irrigation due to the energy of the gas stream.

The objective of the invention is to provide an apparatus for carrying out various physicochemical processes, operating with high efficiency with low hydraulic resistance, by organizing a downward flow of interacting phases.

The problem is solved in that in the vortex apparatus with a downward flow of phases above the vortex contact device, a disk-cylindrical sprinkler is installed, and in the lower part of the housing there is an exhaust pipe with a diameter equal to the diameter of the separator, and installed in relation to it with a gap equal to 0, 2-0.8 diameter of the separator, the vortex KU is made of convex tangential plates.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of the apparatus, FIG. 2 is a section AA of FIG. 1.

A vortex apparatus with a downward flow of phases contains a housing 1, an upper twisting part 3 with a VCU consisting of a plate 2, a cover 12, a separator 11, a convex shaped tangential plate 4, a lower separating part 5, a tangential gas inlet pipe 6, and liquid inlet and outlet pipes 7 and 8. Above the VKU, a disk-cylindrical sprinkler 9 is installed, and the lower part of the apparatus is equipped with an exhaust pipe 10, which is installed with a gap with respect to the separator 11 equal to 0.2-0.8 of the diameter of the separator.

The device operates as follows. A gas containing a toxic component or a solid phase enters through the tangential pipe 6 to the upper part 3 of the apparatus and acquires a preliminary twist. The fluid is introduced through the pipe 7 and the gap formed by the disk-cylindrical sprinkler 9 and the cover 12 VKU, is fed to the outer upper part of the plates 4 VKU and flows down them. The gas, passing through the slots formed by the tangential plates, unwinds, tears the liquid from the surface of the plates and disperses it. A rotating highly turbulized droplet layer of liquid forms on the inner surface of the KU, which is in contact with newly entering portions of the gas stream. Here the bulk of heat and mass transfer occurs, a toxic component or solid particles from the gas phase pass into the liquid. Next, the gas-liquid flow is directed down to the cylindrical separator 11, where under the action of centrifugal forces, liquid droplets are squeezed to the inner surface of the separator. Here, a rotating film is formed, which is torn off from the bottom of the separator and, through the gap between it and the exhaust pipe 10, is thrown onto the housing 1, flows down and is removed from the apparatus through the nozzle 8. Gas released from the toxic component or solid phase and liquid droplets flows into the exhaust pipe 10 and is removed from the apparatus.

The advantage of the proposed apparatus is that the VKU is irrigated by a disk sprinkler until the gas-liquid stream enters it directly onto the VKU plates from the outside. The liquid flows down the plates, is disrupted by the gas stream and transported inside the KU. A rotating droplet layer of liquid is formed on the inner surface of the plates, i.e. an additional liquid curtain is organized in front of incoming fresh portions of gas, which helps to increase the efficiency of physicochemical processes in the ICU. With a unidirectional downward phase motion, the energy of the gas flow is spent mainly on dispersing the liquid, the energy consumption for its transport is minimal, which helps to reduce hydraulic losses.

In the absence of a cylindrical disk sprinkler, the liquid, entering the apparatus, is squeezed onto the inner surface of the housing due to centrifugal forces, drains and enters the VKU only in the lower part of the plates, and the upper part is not involved in the process.

The choice of the gap between the KU separator and the exhaust pipe equal to 0.2-0.8 of the separator diameter is determined by the conditions for the free exit of the swirling gas-liquid jet from the separator to the lower part of the apparatus and the reliability of the separation of the liquid from the gas stream. With this aspect ratio, all the liquid leaving the separator with a certain opening angle, bypassing the exhaust pipe, is sent to the lower part of the apparatus, and the gas stream flows relatively smoothly into the exhaust pipe. If the gap is less than 0.2 of the diameter of the separator, part of the liquid may enter the exhaust pipe, which leads to the appearance of liquid splash liquid from the apparatus along with the gas stream. With a gap of more than 0.8 separator diameters, free flow of gas from the separator into the pipe is hampered by the formation of a torroid vortex in the region between the outer surface of the separator, the exhaust pipe, and the apparatus body, which leads to an increase in the hydraulic resistance of the lower separating part of the apparatus.

The implementation of the convex KU swirler contributes to the retention of liquid in it - an increase in retention capacity, residence time, interface and, as a result, an increase in the efficiency of the process. Thus, an effective interaction between gases and / or liquids is achieved.

Claims (2)

1. A vortex apparatus for carrying out physicochemical processes with a downward flow of phases, including a housing, a tangential nozzle for supplying gas, nozzles for supplying and withdrawing phases, a vortex contact device consisting of a separator, tangential plates and plates, characterized in that above the vortex contact device a disk-cylindrical sprinkler is installed, and in the lower part of the body there is an exhaust pipe with a diameter equal to the diameter of the separator, and installed in relation to it with a gap equal to 0.2-0.8 of the diameter of the separator torus. 2. The vortex apparatus for conducting physicochemical processes according to claim 1, characterized in that the tangential plate of the vortex contact device is made convex.

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